Impact Factor: 3.145

ABSTRACT Adaptive filtering has become a spacious area of researcher since last few decades in the field of communication. Adaptive noise cancellation is an approach used for noise reduction in speech signal. The speech signal easily gets contaminated with background noise. Channel noise addition makes this speech signal even poorer. Speech signal and noise signal both change continuously with time, then to separate them only adaptive filtering is desirable. This paper deals with cancellation of noise on speech signal using two old (LMS and NLMS) and one new UNANR algorithm. The UNANR (Unbiased and Normalized Adaptive Noise Rejection) model does not contain any bias unit, and the coefficients are adaptively updated by using the steepest-descent algorithm. Two modulation techniques, AM and FM are applied separately in combination with two communication channels i.e. AWGN and Rician. Signal quality parameter PSNR and RMSE measured and compared with respect to SNR. The results show that the performance of the UNANR based algorithm is superior to that of the LMS algorithm in noise reduction

Adsorption separation of heavier isotope gases in subnanometer carbon pores

Isotopes of heavier gases including carbon (13C/14C), nitrogen (13N), and oxygen (18O) are highly important because they can be substituted for naturally occurring atoms without significantly perturbing the biochemical properties of the radiolabelled parent molecules. These labelled molecules are employed in clinical radiopharmaceuticals, in studies of brain disease and as imaging probes for advanced medical imaging techniques such as positron-emission tomography (PET). Established distillation-based isotope gas separation methods have a separation factor (S) below 1.05 and incur very high operating costs due to high energy consumption and long processing times, highlighting the need for new separation technologies. Here, we show a rapid and highly selective adsorption-based separation of 18O2 from 16O2 with S above 60 using nanoporous adsorbents operating near the boiling point of methane (112 K), which is accessible through cryogenic liquefied-natural-gas technology. A collective-nuclear-quantum effect difference between the ordered 18O2 and 16O2 molecular assemblies confined in subnanometer pores can explain the observed equilibrium separation and is applicable to other isotopic gases

Waldschadensinventur Baden-Wuerttemberg 1983 mit Infrarot-Farbluftbildern Ergebnisse und Erfahrungen

Available from Forstliche Versuchs- und Forschungsanstalt Baden-Wuerttemberg, Freiburg im Breisgau (DE) / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEDEGerman

Transition Metal Oxides and Their Composites for Photocatalytic Dye Degradation

Transition metal oxides (TMO) and their carbon composites have become a glittering upcoming material science candidate. Their interesting properties, such as their meticulous morphology, plentiful availability, flexible surface chemistry along with outstanding mechanical, thermal, and optical properties make them ideal for efficient photocatalytic dye degradation. An extensive range of TMO, and their carbon composites are reviewed highlighting the progression and opportunities for the photocatalytic degradation of dyes. Here, we concisely describe the numerous techniques to extend the optical absorption of these TMOs involving dye sensitization, metal doping, etc. Besides this, an overview of all aspects of dye degradation along with the prevailing challenges for future utilization and development of such nanocomposites towards highly efficient dye degradation system are also reported