The Optimization of Private Investment in Education

In Japan, the salaries of the parents are affected by their own education level and will affect the education and salary level of their children. The children whose parents graduated from university are easy to enter university than those whose parents have not gone beyond high school. Even if the children whose parents have not gone beyond high school can enter university, their salaries tend to be at lower level than the students whose parents graduated from university. We consider the cost of sonﾕs education as parentﾕs investment, and construct this model by using statistics of Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology and Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare. We discuss the model from the perspective of investment rate, the lowest educational level and standard of living, signaling function, and age difference between parents and children. In this model, we will prove that education and wages level tends to be fixed

求職者支援訓練の現状と課題―各都道府県の完全失業率分析―

　When Lehman Brothers went bankrupt in 2008, as in previous global financial crises, many workers became unemployed. The situation required that the government support non-regular workers who were not qualified to receive employment insurance.　In 2011, the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare established a law to support of employment of specified job seekers through the implementation of job training.　The support system for job seekers has been created by this law with the aim of helping them to find a job faster by improving their skills through job training.Public Employment Security Offices or “Hello Work” gives job seekers “training in support of job seeking” for free in principle and increased benefits for doing the job training.　However, only a few percent of specified job seekers applied to join the system, and the attendance rate for them has decreased year by year. We investigate the actual conditions of training in support of job seekers for each prefecture, discuss the problems of the support system, and make suggestions for improvement

特性関数を考慮した4人協力ゲーム

　Game theory is the study of mathematical models of competition and cooperation between rational decision-makers pioneered by Princeton mathematician John Von Neumann. His paper was followed by his 1944 book “Theory of Games and Economic Behavior” with Oskar Morgenstern. In this research, based on the Shapley value introduced by 2012 Nobel Economics prize-winner L.S. Shapley, we discuss how to divide the reward in a coalitional game depending on the relationships between the players. 　In this paper, we identify the relationship between two players, and define the value of the characteristic function depending on the state of that relationship. If the relationship is good, the value of the characteristic function is high. If the relationship is bad, that value goes down. We define a characteristic function to have these properties and discuss the strategy of each player. By applying the characteristic function, which depends on the relationship, we prove some properties that describe when a specific player’s reward will be the maximum or the minimum. In particular, the number who participate in this game is extended to four persons from three. 　When the number of participants increases by one, different situations develop with each player’s Shapley value changing from 33=27 to 36=729. We can discuss the strategy of each player by computation simulations with VBA （Microsoft Excel）