HIV/AIDS in Vietnam: a gender analysis

Canad

An evaluation of the nexus between labour migration, remittances and the wellbeing of migrants and their families in Timor-Leste : Some key findings from a pilot survey conducted in Timor-Leste 2019

© 2020 Flinders University. All rights reserved.The findings presented here are from a pilot research conducted in Dili, Timor-Leste in the month of April/May 2019. This pilot research was funded by Flinders University. Ethics approval for the same was obtained from Social and Behavioural Research Ethics Committee of Flinders University. The questionnaire used for this pilot was developed in consultation with SEPFOPE (Secretary of State for Vocational Training and Employment Policies) and General Directorate of Statistics (Statistics-TL), Government of Timor-Leste, and the United Nations Development Programme, Timor-Leste. The data were collected by a team of field investigators from Statistics-TL. The research tool that we developed for the full-fledged project and its pilot study investigates the remittance workers’ experiences as a whole by using a multi-dimensional framework. This framework considers five dimensions of life satisfaction at a household level, namely standard of living, education, health (psychological/ emotional), community vitality and cultural vitality, and three specific dimensions of wellbeing and capability at an individual level, namely economic, knowledge/skills, and health. The pilot survey comprises a blend of objective and subjective questions. A total of 30 (18 males and 12 females) Timorese seasonal workers who worked in Australia during the period 2016-2018 under Australia’s Seasonal Workers Program (SWP) and since returned to Dili, Timor-Leste were surveyed. The findings presented here in Figures 1 through 13 are based on an analysis of individual level data

Relationships between Livelihood Risks and Livelihood Capitals: A Case Study in Shiyang River Basin, China

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).Using information collected through semi-structured questionnaires in 483 households, this paper examines the relationships between livelihood risks and livelihood capitals amongst rural farming communities in China’s Shiyang River Basin. Based on an index system of livelihood risks (health, environmental, financial, social, information and connectivity risks) and livelihood capitals (human, physical and natural, financial and social capitals), relationships are measured and evaluated through a linear regression model. Results suggest that health risk and social risk have clear negative effects on livelihood capitals. This finding may support evidence-based policies intended to reduce health risk and social risk threats as well as underpinning improvements in rural farmers’ capacities to withstand livelihood risk and to enhance well-being. View Full-Tex

Exploring health stakeholders' perceptions on moving towards comprehensive primary health care to address childhood malnutrition in Iran: a qualitative study

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Due to the multifaceted aspect of child malnutrition, a comprehensive approach, taking social factors into account, has been frequently recommended in health literature. The Alma-Ata declaration explicitly outlined comprehensive primary health care as an approach that addresses the social, economic and political causes of poor health and nutrition.</p> <p>Iran as a signatory country to the Alma Ata Declaration has established primary health care since 1979 with significant progress on many health indicators during the last three decades. However, the primary health care system is still challenged to reduce inequity in conditions such as child malnutrition which trace back to social factors. This study aimed to explore the perceptions of the Iranian health stakeholders with respect to the Iranian primary health care performance and actions to move towards a comprehensive approach in addressing childhood malnutrition. Health stakeholders are defined as those who affect or can be affected by health system, for example health policy-makers, health providers or health service recipients.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Stakeholder analysis approach was undertaken using a qualitative research method. Different levels of stakeholders, including health policy-makers, health providers and community members were interviewed as either individuals or focus groups. Qualitative content analysis was used to interpret and compare/contrast the viewpoints of the study participants.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The results demonstrated that fundamental differences exist in the perceptions of different health stakeholders in the understanding of comprehensive notion and action. Health policy-makers mainly believed in the need for a secure health management environment and the necessity for a whole of the government approach to enhance collaborative action. Community health workers, on the other hand, indicated that staff motivation, advocacy and involvement are the main challenges need to be addressed. Turning to community stakeholders, greater emphasis has been placed on community capabilities, informal link with other social sectors based on trust and local initiatives.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>This research provided a picture of the differences in the perceptions and values of different stakeholders with respect to primary health care concepts. The study suggests that a top-down approach, which still exists among health policy-makers, is a key obstacle that delays, and possibly worse, undermines the implementation of the comprehensive strategy codified by the Alma-Ata Declaration. A need to revitalise primary health care to use its full potential and to combine top-down and bottom-up approaches by narrowing the gap between perceptions of policy makers and those who provide and receive health-related services is crucial.</p

High fertility in Khasi Tribe of Northeast India - a repercussion of the fear of identity loss?

Paris, Franc

Reluctance of women of lower socio-economic status to use maternal healthcare services - Does only cost matter?

In this paper we examine whether it is just the financial cost of maternal healthcare that prevents poor women from utilising free or low-cost government provided healthcare in Dhaka, Bangladesh, or there are other factors at play, in conjunction with poverty. To answer this question, we analyse the perceptions and experiences about the use of maternal health care for childbirth by a group of women residing in poor and lower socio-economic households in Dhaka. Data for this study were collected through in-depth interviews of 34 such women who have already had a child or had become pregnant at least once in the preceding five years. The findings of our analysis suggest that these women have a deeply rooted fear of medical intervention in childbirth for several perceived and practical reasons, including the fear of having to make undocumented payments, unfamiliarity with institutional processes, lack of social and family network support within their neighbourhood, concept of honour and shame [sharam], a culture of silence and inadequate spousal communication on health issues. As a result, even though low-cost health care facilities may be within their reach in terms of physical distance and affordable in terms of financial cost these women and their families are unwilling to deliver their babies at such health facilities. Therefore, in order to allay their perceived fear of hospital-based childbirth, one needs to consider factors other than financial cost and physical distance, and provide these women with factual information and culturally sensitive counselling

Endangered gender in a matrilineal society: evidences from the Khasi tribe in Northeast India

Canad