ROLE OF RURAL TOURISM FOR DEVELOPMENT OF RURAL AREAS

The paper analyse the role of rural tourism for the development of rural areas, on the comparison of two regions with different types of rural tourism. One area is of highly diversifi ed rural tourism with wide range of tourist products (rafting, hiking, cycling, farm tourism, skiing …). The tourism offer in the second area is much more uniform (mainly farm tourism and some spa). The study analysed how the two different types of tourist product diversifi cations influence the development possibilities of studied rural areas. We analysed how different systems are able to maintain its functions in the context of identifi ed perturbations (socio-economic and geophysical). We analysed the infl uence of different factors on systems stability, its resilience, robustness and integrity. The gained results show that only the higher level of diversifi cation is not a guarantee for systems higher stability, resilience, robustness and integrity, but there also othe

Varovanje okolja in biodiverzitete za trajnostno prihodnost podeželja: primer planiranega Regijskega parka Trnovski gozd, Slovenija

The first part of the paper examines Slovenian agricultural and enviromental policy related to nature protection and sustainable rural development in the period of the country\u27s transition, characterised by the creation a new independent state, introduction of multi-party democratic political system, and replacement of planned-market economy with the market one as well as by the coming accession to the EU. The analysis of relevant laws reveals that the environment and nature protection legislation is more elaborated and more effective in practice than the agricultural and forestry legislation, both displaying a top-down approach. In the second part of the paper the impact of these legislation on agriculture, forestry and environment protection is tested by empirical data collected with the interviews of some members of local (20) and state (7) elite in relation to the proposed foundation of Regional park Tmovski gozd as a protected area. Local and state elite respondents believe that despite some limitations the park will offer good opportunities for local development (the promotion of the area, new jobs, eco-tourism), and by the same token guarantee protection of nature/biodiversity and the environment. It has been generally agreed by local elite that local authorities and local residents (non-governmental organizations) should participate in all stages of the fondation of regional park Trnovski gozd.U prvome dijelu članka autori se bave slovenskom poljoprivrednom (agrarnom) i ekološkom politikom, u svezi s očuvanjem prirode i održivim razvitkom seoskih područja u razdoblju tranzicije, koje obilježuju: oblikovanje nove samostalne države, uvođenje višestranačkoga političkog sustava, zamjena plansko-tržišnoga gospodarstva s tržišnim gospodarstvom kao i približavajući ulazak u Europsku Uniju. Raščlamba odnosnih (relevantnih) zakona je pokazala, da je u razdoblju tranzicije slovensko zakonodavstvo o zaštiti okoliša i prirode bolje dorađeno i u praksi učinkovitije nego legislativa o poljoprivredi i šumarstvu, obadvije pak izražavaju pristup odozgo prema dolje. U drugom dijelu članka provjeren je utjecaj te legislative na poljoprivredu, šumarstvo i zaštitu okoliša temeljem empirijskih podataka, što su prikupljeni razgovorima s predstavnicima lokalne (20) i državne (7) elite u svezi s predloženim ustanovljenjem Regionalnoga parka Trnovski gozd. Pokazalo se da predstavnici lokalne kao i predstavnici državne elite vjeruju da park, unatoč određenim ograničenjima, nudi dobre mogućnosti za lokalni razvoj (promocija područja, nova radna mjesta, ekološki turizam) te jamči zaštitu prirode/biodiverziteta i okoliša. Istodobno su se predstavnici obadviju elita suglasili, da predstavnici lokalne samouprave i stanovništva (nevladinih organizacija) moraju sudjelovati na svim stupnjevima utemeljivanja regionalnoga parka.Prvi del prispevka zadeva slovensko kmetijsko in okoljsko politiko, vezano na ohranjanje narave ter trajnostni razvoj podeželja v obdobju tranzicije, ki jo označujejo: oblikovanje nove samostojne države, uvedba več strankarskega političnega sistema, zamenjava plansko-tržnega gospodarstva s tržnim gospodarstvom kot tudi bližajoča se vključitev v EU. Analiza ustreznih zakonov je pokazala, da je zakonodaja o varovanju okolja in narave bolj dodelana in v praksi bolj učinkovita kot kmetijska in gozdarska zakonodaja, obe pa nakazujeta pristop od zgoraj navzdol. V drugem delu prispevka je vpliv te zakonodaje na kmetijstvo, gozdarstvo in varovanje okolja preverjen z empiričnimi podatki, zbranimi v razgovorih s predstavniki lokalne (20) in državne (7) elite v zvezi s predlagano ustanovitvijo Regijskega parka Trnovski gozd. Tako predstavnik i lokalne kot predstavniki državne elite verjamejo, da park kljub določenim omejitvam nudi dobre priložnosti za lokalni razvoj (promocija območja, nova delovna mesta, ekološki turizem) ter zagotavlja varovanje narave/biodiverzitete in okolja. Hkrati pa so se predstavniki obeh elit strinajli, da morajo predstavniki lokalne samouprave in domačinov (nevladnih organizacij) sodelovati v vseh stopnjah ustanavijanja regijskega parka

Organic Farming: A Good Production Decision for Slovenian Small Size Farms and Farms in the Areas with Restrictions/Limitations or Natural Obstacles for Agriculture?

The negative effects of intensive agriculture on the environment, human health, natural resources, etc. require the use of more sustainable farming methods. The decision for organic farming is based on various factors: the personal levels of development and consciousness of the operator of the farm and members of his family, the socio-economic and size structure of the farm, the type of area in which the farm is located, the availability of the market and the demand for organic products, etc. Organic farming in Slovenia appears to be particularly suitable for smaller farms, since it is more labor intensive, and payments from agricultural policy contribute to the economic efficiency of the farm, despite lower yields. Especially in protected areas, water protected areas, or less favored areas for agriculture, organic farming can be a more convenient farming method. The traditional farming practices that exist are already extensive and the available measures can contribute to farm income and compensate farmers for different services that they provide for the society. The multifunctionality of organic farming (and agriculture in general), i.e., ensuring also the environmental and social roles, is only possible if farming is economical at the same time

Problematika nedoslednega prevajanja kategorij kazalnikov uspešnosti za spremljanje ukrepov SKP v predpisih EK iz angleškega v slovenski jezik

In monitoring and evaluating the performance framework of the CAP, EU Member States are required to establish performance indicators (PI) that will ensure the evaluation of the performance and effectiveness of the main and specific objectives and priorities of each program. Inconsistent translation of EC regulations from English into Slovenian was observed in the context of the types of PI categories and their relations. There was inconsistency between regulations, ambiguity and uncertainty in certain parts of the regulations. This caused a violation of the principle of legal certainty for Slovenia towards the EU and the EC. It was found that legal translators in Slovene translations of some EC regulations use different terms for the same legal matter, which have a different meaning. This disrupts the hierarchical levels of the PI categories, which creates ambiguous obligations for Slovenia in parts of the regulation. The article presents EU and EC regulations, which clearly show the violation of the principle of legal certainty. Through the performed cognitive verbal semantic analysis and with the help of dictionaries, we propose appropriate translations of PI categories. We propose that the regulations and the official documents deriving from them be aligned with the next financial period 2021-2027.Pri spremljanju in vrednotenju okvira uspešnosti SKP so države članice EU dolžne vzpostaviti kazalnike uspešnosti (KU), ki bodo zagotavljali vrednotenje uspešnosti in učinkovitosti glavnih in posebnih ciljev in prednostnih nalog vsakega programa. Opaženo je bilo nedosledno prevajanje predpisov EK iz angleškega v slovenski jezik, v kontekstu vrst kategorij KU in njihovih odnosov. Povzročena je bila neskladnost med predpisi, dvoumnost in nejasnost določenih delov predpisov. S tem je bilo povzročeno kršenje načela pravne varnosti Slovenije do EU in EK. Ugotovljeno je bilo, da pravni prevajalci v slovenskih prevodih nekaterih predpisov EK za isto pravno zadevo uporabljajo drugačne izraze, ki nosijo drugačen pomen. S tem porušijo hierarhične ravni kategorij KU, kar ustvari dvoumne obveznosti Slovenije v delih predpisa. V prispevku predstavimo predpise EU in EK, kjer je jasno prikazano kršenje načela o pravni varnosti. Preko izvedene kognitivne besedne semantične analize in s pomočjo slovarjev predlagamo ustrezne prevode kategorij KU. Predlagamo, da se predpisi in uradni dokumenti, ki iz njih izhajajo, uskladijo z naslednjim finančnim obdobjem 2021-2027

Mišljenje lokalnog stanovništva o upravi Triglavskog nacionalnog parka

The Triglav National Park is the only national park in Slovenia. The statute of the Triglav National Park came into force in 1981. The article presents the local inhabitants’ opinion about the Triglav National Park management, their knowledge of the park management’s tasks and activities and opinion about the park management’s activity in the future. The results show that 20% of the interviewed inhabitants are dissatisfied with the park management. 9% of the interviewed inhabitants are very satisfied with the park management and 26.5% are satisfied with the park management. 76.1% of the interviewed inhabitants who live within the park and 44.2% of those who live outside the park had contacts with the park management, which indicates that the place of living has influence on people’s contacts with the park management.Triglavski nacionalni park je jedini nacionalni park u Sloveniji. Zakon o Triglavskom nacionalnom parku proglašen je 1981. godine. Članak predstavlja mišljenje lokalnog stanovništva o upravi parka, njihovo poznavanje zadataka i aktivnosti uprave parka i mišljenje o djelovanju uprave parka ubuduće. Rezultati pokazuju da je 20% intervjuiranih stanovnika nezadovoljno s radom uprave parka. S upravom parka je vrlo zadovoljno 9% i zadovoljno 26,5% intervjuiranih stanovnika. Upravu parka je kontaktiralo 76,1% intervjuiranih stanovnika koji žive u parku i 44,2% onih koji žive izvan parka, što pokazuje da mjesto stanovanja utječe na kontakte s upravom parka

ROLE OF RURAL TOURISM FOR DEVELOPMENT OF RURAL AREAS

The paper analyse the role of rural tourism for the development of rural areas, on the comparison of two regions with different types of rural tourism. One area is of highly diversifi ed rural tourism with wide range of tourist products (rafting, hiking, cycling, farm tourism, skiing …). The tourism offer in the second area is much more uniform (mainly farm tourism and some spa). The study analysed how the two different types of tourist product diversifi cations influence the development possibilities of studied rural areas. We analysed how different systems are able to maintain its functions in the context of identifi ed perturbations (socio-economic and geophysical). We analysed the infl uence of different factors on systems stability, its resilience, robustness and integrity. The gained results show that only the higher level of diversifi cation is not a guarantee for systems higher stability, resilience, robustness and integrity, but there also othe

Mišljenje lokalnog stanovništva o upravi Triglavskog nacionalnog parka

The Triglav National Park is the only national park in Slovenia. The statute of the Triglav National Park came into force in 1981. The article presents the local inhabitants’ opinion about the Triglav National Park management, their knowledge of the park management’s tasks and activities and opinion about the park management’s activity in the future. The results show that 20% of the interviewed inhabitants are dissatisfied with the park management. 9% of the interviewed inhabitants are very satisfied with the park management and 26.5% are satisfied with the park management. 76.1% of the interviewed inhabitants who live within the park and 44.2% of those who live outside the park had contacts with the park management, which indicates that the place of living has influence on people’s contacts with the park management.Triglavski nacionalni park je jedini nacionalni park u Sloveniji. Zakon o Triglavskom nacionalnom parku proglašen je 1981. godine. Članak predstavlja mišljenje lokalnog stanovništva o upravi parka, njihovo poznavanje zadataka i aktivnosti uprave parka i mišljenje o djelovanju uprave parka ubuduće. Rezultati pokazuju da je 20% intervjuiranih stanovnika nezadovoljno s radom uprave parka. S upravom parka je vrlo zadovoljno 9% i zadovoljno 26,5% intervjuiranih stanovnika. Upravu parka je kontaktiralo 76,1% intervjuiranih stanovnika koji žive u parku i 44,2% onih koji žive izvan parka, što pokazuje da mjesto stanovanja utječe na kontakte s upravom parka

A social marketing perspective on road freight transportation of fresh fruits and vegetables: a Slovene case

With the large increase in transportation over the last decades and the associated negative impacts upon the environment and society, a more sustainable use of transport is a crucial policy issue. This analysis focuses on road freight transport of selected produce (carrots, cabbage, apples and pears) with the aim to appraise the sustainability of road freight transport of these for the Slovene market. To this end, we take into account self-sufficiency, import and export features, transport needs, produce origin and prices differences between domestic and non-domestic produce. The method used for obtaining transported quantities, exported from and imported to the county, was material flow accounts (MFA). Then we undertook an analysis of sustainability of road transport of produce where we considered the country’s transport needs. The study finds that road freight transport for selected produce is not sustainable. Recognising the normative dimensions of sustainability, the role of social marketing in this context is explored and suggestions on how to promote more sustainable transport solutions advanced

A glimpse of the lost Upper Triassic to Middle Jurassic architecture of the Dinaric Carbonate Platform margin and slope

In the southernmost outcrops of the Slovenian Basin the Middle Jurassic coarse-grained limestone breccia (mega)beds are interstratified within a succession that is otherwise dominated by hemipelagites and distal turbidites. In this paper, these beds are described as the Ponikve Breccia Member of the Tolmin Formation. We provide descriptions of the studied sections with detailed geological maps and analysis of the breccia lithoclasts. From the latter, a non-outcropping margin of the Dinaric Carbonate Platform is reconstructed. In the Late Triassic the platform margin was characterized by a Dachstein-type marginal reef. After the end-Triassic extinction event, the platform architecture remained, but the reefs were replaced by sand shoals characterized by ooids. In the late Early Jurassic and/or early Middle Jurassic a slope area might have been dissected by normal faults and a step-like paleotopography was formed. In the Bajocian, during a period of major regional geodynamic perturbations, extensional or transtensional tectonic activity intensified and triggered the large-scale collapses of the Dinaric Carbonate Platform margin producing the limestone breccias described herein. This may in turn have caused a backstepping of the platform margin, as is evident from the occurrence of Late Jurassic marginal reefs that are installed directly above the Upper Triassic and Lower Jurassic inner platform successions