Analytical approximation of spectrum for pulse X-ray tubes

Among the main characteristics of the pulsed X-ray apparatuses the spectral energy characteristics are the most important ones: the spectral distribution of the photon energy, effective and maximum energy of quanta. Knowing the spectral characteristics of the radiation of pulse sources is very important for the practical use of them in non-destructive testing. We have attempted on the analytical approximation of the pulsed X-ray apparatuses spectra obtained in the different experimental papers. The results of the analytical approximation of energy spectrum for pulse X-ray tube are presented. Obtained formulas are adequate to experimental data and can be used by designing pulsed X-ray apparatuses

Особливості, притаманні організованим злочинним групам, які займаються незаконним заволодінням транспортних засобів

Удод, М. С. Особливості, притаманні організованим злочинним групам, які займаються незаконним заволодінням транспортних засобів / Микола Сергійович Удод // Актуальні проблеми сучасної науки в дослідженнях молодих учених : матеріали наук.-практ. конф. (Харків, 17 трав. 2016 р.) / МВС України, Харків. нац. ун-т внутр. справ. – Харків, 2016. – С. 175-178.Визначено особливості організованих злочинних угруповань, що спеціалізуються на кримінальному автобізнесі. Розглянуто їх класифікація. Наголошено, що кардинального вдосконалення потребує тактика протидії незаконному заволодінню автотранспортними засобами, учиненими організованими злочинними угрупованнями, а також взаємодія правоохоронних органів як у країні, так і на міждержавному рівні.The peculiarities of organized criminal groups specializing in criminal auto business are determined. Their classification is considered. It was emphasized that the tactics of countering illegal possession of motor vehicles committed by organized criminal groups, as well as the interaction of law enforcement agencies both in the country and at the interstate level, need drastic improvement.Определены особенности организованных преступных группировок, специализирующихся на криминальном автобизнесе. Рассмотрена их классификация. Отмечено, что в кардинальном совершенствовании требуется тактика противодействия незаконному завладению автотранспортными средствами, совершенными организованными преступными группировками, а также взаимодействие правоохранительных органов как в стране, так и на межгосударственном уровне

Особливості організованих груп, які займаються незаконним заволодінням транспортними засобами

Удод, М. С. Особливості організованих груп, які займаються незаконним заволодінням транспортними засобами / Микола Сергійович Удод // Сучасні проблеми правового, економічного та соціального розвитку держави : тези доп. V Міжнар. наук.-практ. конф. (м. Харків, 18 листоп. 2016 р.) / МВС України, Харків. нац. ун-т внутр. справ. – Харків, 2016. – С. 372-374.Визначено, що на сучасному етапі протидія органів внутрішніх справ організованим злочинним угрупованням, причетним до незаконного заволодіння автотранспортними засобами, підлягає реформуванню в контексті загальних завдань, які стоять перед підрозділами кримінальної поліції України.It was determined that, at the current stage, the counteraction of the internal affairs bodies to organized criminal groups involved in the illegal possession of motor vehicles is subject to reform in the context of the general tasks facing the criminal police units of Ukraine.Определено, что на современном этапе противодействие органов внутренних дел организованной преступной группировкой, причастной к незаконному завладению автотранспортными средствами, подлежит реформированию в контексте общих задач, стоящих перед подразделениями криминальной полиции Украины

A mixed methods pilot study with a cluster randomized control trial to evaluate the impact of a leadership intervention on guideline implementation in home care nursing

Abstract Background Foot ulcers are a significant problem for people with diabetes. Comprehensive assessments of risk factors associated with diabetic foot ulcer are recommended in clinical guidelines to decrease complications such as prolonged healing, gangrene and amputations, and to promote effective management. However, the translation of clinical guidelines into nursing practice remains fragmented and inconsistent, and a recent homecare chart audit showed less than half the recommended risk factors for diabetic foot ulcers were assessed, and peripheral neuropathy (the most significant predictor of complications) was not assessed at all. Strong leadership is consistently described as significant to successfully transfer guidelines into practice. Limited research exists however regarding which leadership behaviours facilitate and support implementation in nursing. The purpose of this pilot study is to evaluate the impact of a leadership intervention in community nursing on implementing recommendations from a clinical guideline on the nursing assessment and management of diabetic foot ulcers. Methods Two phase mixed methods design is proposed (ISRCTN 12345678). Phase I: Descriptive qualitative to understand barriers to implementing the guideline recommendations, and to inform the intervention. Phase II: Matched pair cluster randomized controlled trial (n = 4 centers) will evaluate differences in outcomes between two implementation strategies. Primary outcome: Nursing assessments of client risk factors, a composite score of 8 items based on Diabetes/Foot Ulcer guideline recommendations. Intervention: In addition to the organization's 'usual' implementation strategy, a 12 week leadership strategy will be offered to managerial and clinical leaders consisting of: a) printed materials, b) one day interactive workshop to develop a leadership action plan tailored to barriers to support implementation; c) three post-workshop teleconferences. Discussion This study will provide vital information on which leadership strategies are well received to facilitate and support guideline implementation. The anticipated outcomes will provide information to assist with effective management of foot ulcers for people with diabetes. By tracking clinical outcomes associated with guideline implementation, health care administrators will be better informed to influence organizational and policy decision-making to support evidence-based quality care. Findings will be useful to inform the design of future multi-centered trials on various clinical topics to enhance knowledge translation for positive outcomes. Trial Registration Current Control Trials ISRCTN0691089

AGE-RELATED AND LOCATION PECULIARITIES OF TOOTH ENAMEL RESTITUTION

Annotation. Relevance of the topic. Structural and functional acid resistance of enamel is evaluated by the test of resistance enamel, the essence of which is to assess the staining intensity of the enamel portion of the upper central incisor in equator area after pre-dosed acid exposure. Then occurs restoration (restitution) of the structure of the enamel area, which can be determined by the clinical estimation test of enamel remineralization rate. This process proceeds differently on different areas of the enamel. The aim of the study is to evaluate the rate of enamel restoration after acid-dosed action in different parts of the vestibular surface of the upper central incisors. Object and methods of research. Examination included 40 patients, distributed into two groups: the first group 20 children aged 12 years, the second group- the same quantity of examined aged 50-55 years. As- sessed the index of intensity of dental caries in terms DMFT, hygienic condition of the oral cavity under the simplified index Green-Vermillion (OHI-S) and the structural and functional acid resistance of teeth enamel as per the enamel resistance test on the vestibular surface of intact upper central incisor in equator area, the cutting edge and in the cervical area. After one day re-examination was carried out during which staining of acid-etched areas of enamel was conducted for each patient. This procedure was repeated every day till absence of enamel staining was notified. The results of the study and their discussion. Initial findings of structural and functional acid resistance of tooth enamel of all age groups of patients were fixed on the tooth cutting edge (5,10 ± 0,12 points or 3,08 ± 0,09 points, respectively). Significantly (p <0.05) the indices were lower in the equator area (5,62 ± 0,13 points or 3,34 ± 0,08 points). The lowest was acid resistance level appeared in the cervical area (6,87 ± 0,10 points or 3,66 ± 0,10 points). On the second day the results of the first group of children displayed the most significant recovery of enamel in the cervix and the equator area, and the intensity of staining on the average was 4,25 ± 0,14 points and 5,52±0,13 points, respectively; in the area of cutting edge – 4,42 ± 0,11 points. A second group of patients displayed more active recovery in the areas of equator and the cutting edge, where the intensity of staining at the average was 2,13 ± 0,10 points and 1,90 ± 0,12 points, respectively. This process was slower in the cervical area (2,95 ± 0,11 points). On average for the full restoration of the structure of the enamel surface in the equator area of the upper central incisor in the first group took 4,85 ± 0,12 days, in the cervical area – 5,73 ± 0,16 days, in the area of the cutting edge – 6,15 ± 0 17 days. Individuals of the second group showed enamel complete recovery at the equator area on average for a 3,52 ± 0,11 days, on the cutting edge – 3,34 ± 0,13 days, in the cervical area – for 4,38 ± 0,14 days. Conclusions. For children aged 12 years enamel restoration occurs more intensively in the equator and cervical areas, for individuals aged 50-55 years – in the equator and the cutting edge areas. A significant trend of the deterioration of the structural and functional acid resistance of enamel from the cutting edge to the cervical area was identified for both examined groups. Prospects for further research. It is planned to study the influence of tooth vital pulp and the oral fluid in restoration of acidic micro-defects of enamel in its different areas for people of different age

Mathematical models of radiation transparency of test objects when using sandwich X-ray radiation detectors

Abstract—A mathematical model of the output signals of an X-ray sandwich detector is presented

Algorithm for optimizing the parameters of sandwich X-ray detectors

We describe an algorithm for optimizing the parameters of sandwich X-ray detectors in relation to the recognition of materials by the dual energy method. The application of the algorithm is illustrated by a concrete example in which we obtain the thicknesses of the first detector and the intermediate filter (that are part of a sandwich detector) that are optimal for detecting explosives for the given materials of the first detector (CsI) and the intermediate filter (Cu)