Development of sustainable aquaculture project (DSAP): mid-term review report

Aquaculture, Fish culture, Pond Culture, Rice field aquaculture, Farmers, Bangladesh,

Physical and Psychological Implications of Risky Child Labor: A Study in Sylhet City, Bangladesh

In Bangladesh, children are accustomed to working in industrial and manufacturing plants, small scale factories, metal works, construction, as well as in many informal sector activities. Based on a survey conducted in Sylhet city, this study found that child workers are suffering from different physical and psychological problems and that more than half of them receive their medical assistance from local health care providers who have no recognized qualifications. The study maintains that working from an early age impedes the children’s physical growth and intellectual and psychological development, which then also has negative effects on their long-term health and earning potential.risky child labor, physical health, mental health, Bangladesh

Arsenite-Induced Alterations of DNA Photodamage Repair and Apoptosis After Solar-Simulation UVR in Mouse Keratinocytes in Vitro

Our laboratory has shown that arsenite markedly increased the cancer rate caused by solar-simulation ultraviolet radiation (UVR) in the hairless mouse skin model. In the present study, we investigated how arsenite affected DNA photodamage repair and apoptosis after solar-simulation UVR in the mouse keratinocyte cell line 291.03C. The keratinocytes were treated with different concentrations of sodium arsenite (0.0, 2.5, 5.0 μM) for 24 hr and then were immediately irradiated with a single dose of 0.30 kJ/m(2) UVR. At 24 hr after UVR, DNA photoproducts [cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) and 6–4 photoproducts (6-4PPs)] and apoptosis were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and the two-color TUNEL (terminal deoxynucleotide transferase dUTP nick end labeling) assay, respectively. The results showed that arsenite reduced the repair rate of 6-4PPs by about a factor of 2 at 5.0 μM and had no effect at 2.5 μM. UVR-induced apoptosis at 24 hr was decreased by 22.64% at 2.5 μM arsenite and by 61.90% at 5.0 μM arsenite. Arsenite decreased the UVR-induced caspase-3/7 activity in parallel with the inhibition of apoptosis. Colony survival assays of the 291.03C cells demonstrate a median lethal concentration (LC(50)) of arsenite of 0.9 μM and a median lethal dose (LD(50)) of UVR of 0.05 kJ/m(2). If the present results are applicable in vivo, inhibition of UVR-induced apoptosis may contribute to arsenite’s enhancement of UVR-induced skin carcinogenesis

Formation of a rotating jet during the filament eruption on 10-11 April 2013

We analyze multi-wavelength and multi-viewpoint observations of a helically twisted plasma jet formed during a confined filament eruption on 10-11 April 2013. Given a rather large scale event with its high spatial and temporal resolution observations, it allows us to clearly understand some new physical details about the formation and triggering mechanism of twisting jet. We identify a pre-existing flux rope associated with a sinistral filament, which was observed several days before the event. The confined eruption of the filament within a null point topology, also known as an Eiffel tower (or inverted-Y) magnetic field configuration results in the formation of a twisted jet after the magnetic reconnection near a null point. The sign of helicity in the jet is found to be the same as that of the sign of helicity in the filament. Untwisting motion of the reconnected magnetic field lines gives rise to the accelerating plasma along the jet axis. The event clearly shows the twist injection from the pre-eruptive magnetic field to the jet.Comment: 14 pages, 12 figures, to appear in MNRA

Contrastive Learning for API Aspect Analysis

We present a novel approach - CLAA - for API aspect detection in API reviews that utilizes transformer models trained with a supervised contrastive loss objective function. We evaluate CLAA using performance and impact analysis. For performance analysis, we utilized a benchmark dataset on developer discussions collected from Stack Overflow and compare the results to those obtained using state-of-the-art transformer models. Our experiments show that contrastive learning can significantly improve the performance of transformer models in detecting aspects such as Performance, Security, Usability, and Documentation. For impact analysis, we performed empirical and developer study. On a randomly selected and manually labeled 200 online reviews, CLAA achieved 92% accuracy while the SOTA baseline achieved 81.5%. According to our developer study involving 10 participants, the use of 'Stack Overflow + CLAA' resulted in increased accuracy and confidence during API selection. Replication package: https://github.com/shahariar-shibli/Contrastive-Learning-for-API-Aspect-AnalysisComment: Accepted in the 38th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Automated Software Engineering (ASE2023

Impact of glucosinolate structure on the performance of the crucifer pest Phaedon cochleariae (F.)

Glucosinolates (GS) are sulfur-rich secondary metabolites found in the Brassicaceae and other related families of the order Brassicales. GS consist of structurally-related compounds with different side chains. To explore the possibility that various side chain confer divergent biological activities to individual GS, we have investigated the performance of the specialist pest beetle, Phaedon cochleariae (F.) on Arabidopsis thaliana L. mutants and Columbia wild-type (WT) which differ in the main group of GS. Plant lines of A. thaliana altered for the expression of MAM3, because of the introduction of an overexpression construct of MAM3 (mam3+) or containing double knockouts of CYP79B2 and CYP79B3 (cyp79B2-/cyp79B3-) were used for the study in comparison to the WT.A. thaliana genotypes differed in their GS profiles. The highest GS content was present in the WT followed by mam3+ and cyp79B2-/ cyp79B3-. A modified aliphatic GS content was detected for the mam3+ as compared to the WT lines. Furthermore, indolyl GS were completely absent in cyp79B2-/cyp79B3-. The percentage weight increase of larvae raised on each of the three plant genotypes was significant different. Larval performance was poorest on plants of cyp79B2-/cyp79B3- and best on WT, but there was no significant difference found in percentage weight increase on mam3+ and WT. There was no correlation between the weight increase of the larvae on genotypes and induced levels of aliphatic, indolyl, and total GS. However, the poor performance of beetle larvae on cyp79B2-/ cyp79B3-compared to WT and mam3+ might be explained by comparable high aliphatic GS levels of this mutant, a different induction of secondary metabolites, and the absence of indolyl GS. Basic knowledge about the relationship of GS structures and their insect pests may help in further resistance breeding of crucifer crops