Civic Virtue in a Christian Mind: Charles Rollin and the Jansenist Influence on the Revival of Classical Virtue in France

The French Revolution, like much else in the eighteenth century, was undeniably influenced by a revival of classical Greco-Roman themes, particularly in the realm of politics. Unfortunately, classical civic virtue in the French context has generally been viewed as a largely secular affair. In fact, the turn toward classical republican thought was also markedly influenced by the Augustinian theological beliefs of the Jansenists, an austere group of Catholics. One of their number, Charles Rollin, a prominent educator and author, played an important role in revising French education, placing a great deal of emphasis on the instruction of virtue. This thesis will demonstrate the connections between the religious tenets of the Jansenists and the classical republican civic virtue that Rollin prescribes as a remedy not for the individual soul, but for the political and social health of the patrie

Mathematical Modeling of Suspended Solids and Associated Pollutant Transport.

The transport dynamics of particulate solids have been of long-st and ing concern from the perspectives of sedimentation operations in water and wastewater treatment, and bed-load movement and siltation processes in rivers, streams, and dredged channels. Only recently, however, has attention focused on detailed descriptions of the behavior of suspended solids in natural water systems from the perspective of water quality transformations. This interest is predicated largely on increased awareness of the role of suspended solids in the transport of certain pollutants in natural water systems. Pollutants absorbed on, or contained within, suspended solids constitute a separate phase in a heterogeneous system, and can be expected to behave quite differently -- chemically, biochemically, hydrodynamically, and toxicologically -- from dissolved pollutants. Yet most water quality models presently used to describe the behavior and fate of pollutants account only for the transport and distribution dynamics of the homogeneous phase, or dissolved pollutants. It has become increasingly clear that accurate description of the environmental distribution and accumulation of solids-associated pollutants, of the impact of these pollutants on the food webs of the aquatic environment, and of their toxicologic implications to man must take account of the dynamics of transport of suspended solids. This research focused on development of a rational approach to mathematically model the fate of these materials from an environmental engineering perspective. The rectangular open channel flume was used as the primary subsystem. A two-dimensional, steady-state, mass balance equation was formulated to describe particulate transport in the subsystem. Appropriate definitions were made for horizontal velocity and the turbulent diffusivity coefficient as functions of depth. The bottom boundary condition was formulated in terms of a resuspension function. The resultant subsystem modeling equation was solved using an explicit finite difference method. Fall velocity was defined for a given suspension in terms of a log-normal distribution resulting from quiescent settling column analyses. Results from several tests were presented demonstrating the efficacy of this approach. A correlation for the resuspension function was formulated from an analysis of cohesive sediment flume data. The resultant formulation was used to resimulate the data and exhibited good correlation. A finite segment approach was developed to apply the subsystem model to three-dimensional, time-variable natural systems. A conceptual approach within the finite segment framework implementing the resuspension function was developed for the consideration of sediment scour. The system model was applied to the Ford Lake-Belleville Lake (MI) system. A classical model application approach was used. First, an appropriate hydrodynamic model was constructed using conductivity as a tracer for calibration/verification. A steady-state model for suspended solids transport was constructed. A fecal coliform bacteria transport model was constructed using both sedimentation and die-off as independent removal mechanisms. The final step was the construction of rainfall related time-variable simulations. Three events were simulated, each possessing different characteristics. Most significant was the simulation of possible scour events occurring during Rain Events 1 and 2 in the Huron River reach between Ford and Belleville Lakes, where significant increases in flow indicated the possibility of scour within the framework of the conceptual framework developed previously.Ph.D.Engineering, Sanitary and MunicipalGeographic information scienceEnergyUniversity of Michiganhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/157856/1/8017389.pd

14C Release in Various Chemical Forms with Gaseous Effluents from the Paks Nuclear Power Plant

From the 13th International Radiocarbon Conference held in Dubrovnik, Yugoslavia, June 20-25, 1988.We present results of airborne 14C emission measurements from the Paks PWR nuclear power plant. Long-term release of 14C in the form of carbon dioxide or carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons were simultaneously measured. The results of internal gas-proportional and liquid scintillation counting agree well with theoretical assessments of 14C releases from pressurized water reactors. The mean value of the 14C concentration in discharged air is 130Bgm 3 and the normalized release is equal to 740GBq/GWe yr. > 95% of 14C released is in the form of hydrocarbons, ca 4% is apportioned to CO2, and <1% to CO. Tree-ring measurements were also made and indicated a minute increase of 14C content in the vicinity of the nuclear power plant.This material was digitized as part of a cooperative project between Radiocarbon and the University of Arizona Libraries.The Radiocarbon archives are made available by Radiocarbon and the University of Arizona Libraries. Contact [email protected] for further information.Migrated from OJS platform February 202