Splanchnic vein thrombosis following renal transplantation: a case report

BACKGROUND: Recurrent episodes of venous thrombosis have been closely correlated with JAK2 V617F mutation. Upto date, JAK2 gene mutation has not been defined as a prothrombic risk factor in renal transplant recipients. Herein; we present a case of portosplenic vein thrombosis in a primary renal transplant recipient with JAK2 V617F mutation who had no history of prior venous thromboembolism or thrombophilia. CASE PRESENTATION: A 59 year old female caucasian patient with primary kidney transplant admitted with vague abdominal pain at left upper quadrant. Abdominal doppler ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging angiography demonstrated splanchnic vein thrombosis (SVT). The final diagnosis was SVT due to MPD (essential thrombocytosis, ET) with JAK2 V617F mutation. After 3 months of treatment with warfarin (≥5 mg/day, to keep target INR values of 1.9-2.5), control MRI angiography and doppler USG demonstrated partial (>%50) resolution of thrombosis with recanalization of hepatopedal venous flow. The patient is still on the same treatment protocol without any complication. CONCLUSION: JAK2 V617F mutation analysis should be a routine procedure in the diagnosis and treatment of kidney transplant patients with thrombosis in uncommon sites

Robust estimation of bacterial cell count from optical density

Optical density (OD) is widely used to estimate the density of cells in liquid culture, but cannot be compared between instruments without a standardized calibration protocol and is challenging to relate to actual cell count. We address this with an interlaboratory study comparing three simple, low-cost, and highly accessible OD calibration protocols across 244 laboratories, applied to eight strains of constitutive GFP-expressing E. coli. Based on our results, we recommend calibrating OD to estimated cell count using serial dilution of silica microspheres, which produces highly precise calibration (95.5% of residuals <1.2-fold), is easily assessed for quality control, also assesses instrument effective linear range, and can be combined with fluorescence calibration to obtain units of Molecules of Equivalent Fluorescein (MEFL) per cell, allowing direct comparison and data fusion with flow cytometry measurements: in our study, fluorescence per cell measurements showed only a 1.07-fold mean difference between plate reader and flow cytometry data

MEME KANSERİNDE YAŞIN PROGNOSTİK FAKTÖRLERLE İLİŞKİSİ

Genç kadınlardaki meme kanserlerinin klinik ve patolojik özelliklerinin araştırıldığı bu retrospektif çalışmada invaziv meme kanserli 75 hastayı inceledik

Molecular subtyping of breast cancer patients with long time follow up and its prognostic value on survival: a single center analysis

The importance of molecular subtyping in breast cancer is an unresolved issue. In this study we aimed to evaluate the significance of molecular subtyping, and the correlation between the disease-free, and overall survival in breast cancer based on molecular subtypes. A total of 536 patients with the diagnosis of breast cancer between the years 1980 and 2014 were included in the study. Tumors were divided into five molecular subtypes according to their expression profiles as follows: Luminal A: (n=220; 41%); Luminal B: (n=72; 13.4%); Luminal B-like: (n=97, 18.1%); HER2: (n=44; 8.2%); and Triple-negative (n=103; 19.2%). We found significant differences between molecular subtypes, and histological subtype of the tumor (P=0.004) in terms of local recurrence (P=0.043), and metastasis (P=0.006). A statistically significant difference was found between the number of metastases, and molecular subgroups. (P=0.037). Among all molecular subtypes, local recurrences (11.4%), and metastasis (38.6%) were most frequently seen in the HER2 subtype, while the least number of metastases (15.3%) were detected in the Luminal A subtype. A statistically significant difference was found between Luminal A, and HER2 subgroups as for incidence of metastatic lesions (P=0.007). However in the Luminal A subgroup metastases developed in the long term (at the end of 50 months after onset of the disease). Overall, and disease-free survival curves in the Luminal A subgroup indicated risk of mortality in the long run. Based on molecular subtyping the worst, and the most favourable survival rates were observed in the HER2, and Luminal A subgroups, respectively. Impact: In this study which encompassed multiple number of breast cancer patients encountered within 30 years, HER2 tumors had the worst survival rates Interestingly, Luminal A subgroup which displayed a very favourable prognosis during the early stage of the follow-up period, demonstrated a bad prognosis in the long term

Imaging Characteristics of Male Breast Disease

WOS: 000281667100009PubMed ID: 20560973The purpose of the study was to describe the imaging findings of male breast disease. One hundred and sixty-four male patients, who underwent mammography and ultrasonography (US) between January 1999 and December 2008, were retrospectively evaluated. Seventy-five patients (46%) underwent biopsy, and 89 patients (54%) were diagnosed radiologically. The radiologic and pathologic diagnoses in 164 cases of this series were 13 cancers (8%), including one ipsilateral and one contralateral breast cancers, 147 cases of gynecomastia (90%), one fibroadenoma (0.6%), two cases of fibrocystic disease of the breast (1.2%), and one epidermoid inclusion cyst (0.6%). Three mammographic patterns were adequate to describe all 147 cases of gynecomastia in our series: 53 patients (36%) had nodular gynecomastia, 46 patients (31%) had dendritic gynecomastia, and 48 patients (33%) had diffuse gynecomastia. Gynecomastia was unilateral in 65% of cases (n = 95), and bilateral in 35% of cases (n = 52). On physical examination, two of the malignant lesions had no clinic features of malignancy (15%). On mammography, 11 of 13 malignant masses were demonstrated (85%). A mass with microcalcifications was seen on mammograms in one case (9%). The contours of the masses were irregular in nine cases (82%), well-circumscribed in two cases (18%). The location of the masses was retroareolar in seven cases (64%) and eccentric to the nipple in four cases (36%). The size of the masses varied between 0.5 cm and 5 cm (mean 2.4 cm). Nipple retraction was evident in five cases (45%), and skin thickening in four cases (36%). All of the malignant masses were demonstrated on ultrasound; however, one of them was seen retrospectively after mammography. All of the masses were hypoechoic and solid, the contours were well-defined and smooth in two masses (15%), and irregular in 11 masses (85%), and five masses (39%) had posterior prominent shadowing. Axillary lymphadenopathia was detected in two cases (15%). One patient had a previous contralateral breast cancer, and one had an ipsilateral. On mammography, breast cancer characteristically exhibits an irregular subareolar mass, nipple retraction, and skin ulceration or thickening, but sometimes breast cancer has a well-circumscribed contour and punctuated microcalcifications. Ultrasonography is essential and useful for further characterization and helpful for demonstrating lymphadenopathies of the axillary region

Properties of synchronous versus metachronous bilateral breast carcinoma with long time follow up

Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer type among women with increasing incidence rates, improved prognosis and survival. According to the localization of the tumor, breast cancer is designated as unilateral (UBC) or bilateral (BBC). BBC can be classified as synchronous (SBBC) or metachronous (MBBC) based on the time interval between the diagnosis of the first and the secondary tumors. According to the guideline of WHO 2012, BBC is generally defined as SBBC when contralateral breast carcinoma is diagnosed within 3 months. The aim of this study was to compare the characteristics and patterns of metastasis of BBC patients with UBC. Materials and Methods: A cohort of 768 patients with breast cancer treated at the Turkish Ministry of Health-Izmir Bozyaka Research and Training Hospital between 1976 and 2012 were studied. Survival analysis was performed comparing UBC and BBC patients. In addition, evaluations were performed in patients with SBBC and MBBC sub-groups. We used a 3-months interval to distinguish metachronous from synchronous. Results: When clinical and histopathological parameters were statistically evaluated, ER status, event-free and overall survival were found to be significant between UBC and BBC patients. In comparison of SBBC and MBBC patients, age, histological type of tumor, event-free and overall survival were found to be significant. Conclusions: BBC cases were found to show worse prognosis than UBC cases. Among BBC, SBBC had the worst prognosis based on overall survival rates