54 research outputs found
Methylphenidate significantly improves declarative memory functioning of adults with ADHD
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87790.pdf (publisher's version ) (Closed access)BACKGROUND: Declarative memory deficits are common in untreated adults with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but limited evidence exists to support improvement after treatment with methylphenidate. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of methylphenidate on memory functioning of adults with ADHD. METHODS: Eighteen adults with ADHD who were clinical responders to methylphenidate participated in this randomized crossover trial. After 3 days of no treatment, patients received in random order either their usual methylphenidate dose (mean: 14.7 mg; range: 10-30 mg) or placebo, separated by a 6-7-day washout period. Patients performed an immediate word recall test 1 h after treatment administration. Three hours after intake, patients performed the second part of the memory test (delayed word recall and a recognition test). RESULTS: Delayed recognition and immediate recall was similar on treatment and on placebo. Delayed word recall was significantly better in the methylphenidate than in the placebo condition (F (1, 17) = 7.0, p < 0.017). A significant correlation was found between prestudy CES-D depression scores and difference scores on delayed recall (r = 0.602, p < 0.008). CONCLUSION: Methylphenidate improves declarative memory functioning in patients with ADHD. New studies should further examine whether subclinical depressive symptoms mediate the effect of methylphenidate on declarative memory.1 oktober 201
The Aguablanca Ni–(Cu) sulfide deposit, SW Spain: geologic and geochemical controls and the relationship with a midcrustal layered mafic complex
The Aguablanca Ni–(Cu) sulfide deposit is
hosted by a breccia pipe within a gabbro–diorite pluton.
The deposit probably formed due to the disruption of a
partially crystallized layered mafic complex at about 12–
19 km depth and the subsequent emplacement of melts and
breccias at shallow levels (<2 km). The ore-hosting breccias
are interpreted as fragments of an ultramafic cumulate,
which were transported to the near surface along with a
molten sulfide melt. Phlogopite Ar–Ar ages are 341–
332 Ma in the breccia pipe, and 338–334 Ma in the layered
mafic complex, and are similar to recently reported U–Pb
ages of the host Aguablanca Stock and other nearby calcalkaline
metaluminous intrusions (ca. 350–330 Ma). Ore
deposition resulted from the combination of two critical
factors, the emplacement of a layered mafic complex deep
in the continental crust and the development of small
dilational structures along transcrustal strike-slip faults that
triggered the forceful intrusion of magmas to shallow
levels. The emplacement of basaltic magmas in the lower
middle crust was accompanied by major interaction with
the host rocks, immiscibility of a sulfide melt, and the
formation of a magma chamber with ultramafic cumulates
and sulfide melt at the bottom and a vertically zoned mafic
to intermediate magmas above. Dismembered bodies of
mafic/ultramafic rocks thought to be parts of the complex
crop out about 50 km southwest of the deposit in a
tectonically uplifted block (Cortegana Igneous Complex,
Aracena Massif). Reactivation of Variscan structures that
merged at the depth of the mafic complex led to sequential
extraction of melts, cumulates, and sulfide magma. Lithogeochemistry
and Sr and Nd isotope data of the Aguablanca
Stock reflect the mixing from two distinct reservoirs, i.e.,
an evolved siliciclastic middle-upper continental crust and a
primitive tholeiitic melt. Crustal contamination in the deep
magma chamber was so intense that orthopyroxene
replaced olivine as the main mineral phase controlling the early fractional crystallization of the melt. Geochemical
evidence includes enrichment in SiO2 and incompatible
elements, and Sr and Nd isotope compositions (87Sr/86Sri
0.708–0.710; 143Nd/144Ndi 0.512–0.513). However, rocks
of the Cortegana Igneous Complex have low initial
87Sr/86Sr and high initial 143Nd/144Nd values suggesting
contamination by lower crustal rocks. Comparison of the
geochemical and geological features of igneous rocks in the
Aguablanca deposit and the Cortegana Igneous Complex
indicates that, although probably part of the same magmatic
system, they are rather different and the rocks of the
Cortegana Igneous Complex were not the direct source of
the Aguablanca deposit. Crust–magma interaction was a
complex process, and the generation of orebodies was
controlled by local but highly variable factors. The model
for the formation of the Aguablanca deposit presented in
this study implies that dense sulfide melts can effectively
travel long distances through the continental crust and that
dilational zones within compressional belts can effectively
focus such melt transport into shallow environments
Inventory of alien birds and mammals in the Wallis and Futuna archipelago
In November 2007 and November 2008, we conducted a bird and mammal survey on Wallis and Futuna. We found two non-native bird species on Wallis: the Common Myna (Acridotheres tristis) and the Chestnut-breasted Munia (Lonchura castaneothorax), and one on Futuna: the Jungle Myna (Acridotheres fuscus). We also recorded Black Rats (Rattus rattus) on Futuna, a recent introduction to this island. The introduction of 3 bird species and Black Rats in the last decade denotes a lack of preventive measures and demonstrates that the issue of invasive species has not received sufficient priority
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