1,228 research outputs found
Effect of fluctuations on the superfluid-supersolid phase transition on the lattice
We derive a controlled expansion into mean field plus fluctuations for the
extended Bose-Hubbard model, involving interactions with many neighbors on an
arbitrary periodic lattice, and study the superfluid-supersolid phase
transition. Near the critical point, the impact of (thermal and quantum)
fluctuations on top of the mean field grows, which entails striking effects,
such as negative superfluid densities and thermodynamical instability of the
superfluid phase -- earlier as expected from mean-field dynamics. We also
predict the existence of long-lived "supercooled" states with anomalously large
quantum fluctuations.Comment: 5 pages of RevTex4; as published in Physical Review
Fidelity and Concurrence of conjugated states
We prove some new properties of fidelity (transition probability) and
concurrence, the latter defined by straightforward extension of Wootters
notation. Choose a conjugation and consider the dependence of fidelity or of
concurrence on conjugated pairs of density operators. These functions turn out
to be concave or convex roofs. Optimal decompositions are constructed. Some
applications to two- and tripartite systems illustrate the general theorem.Comment: 10 pages, RevTex, Correction: Enlarged, reorganized version. More
explanation
Asymptotics of Quantum Relative Entropy From Representation Theoretical Viewpoint
In this paper it was proved that the quantum relative entropy can be asymptotically attained by Kullback Leibler divergences of
probabilities given by a certain sequence of POVMs. The sequence of POVMs
depends on , but is independent of the choice of .Comment: LaTeX2e. 8 pages. The title was changed from "Asymptotic Attainment
for Quantum Relative Entropy
A tectônica e sua relação com as florestas fluviais dos rios Iguaçu e Tibagi no Segundo Planalto Paranaense - Paraná - Brasil.
Elliptic Thermal Correlation Functions and Modular Forms in a Globally Conformal Invariant QFT
Global conformal invariance (GCI) of quantum field theory (QFT) in two and
higher space-time dimensions implies the Huygens' principle, and hence,
rationality of correlation functions of observable fields (see Commun. Math.
Phys. 218 (2001) 417-436; hep-th/0009004). The conformal Hamiltonian has
discrete spectrum assumed here to be finitely degenerate. We then prove that
thermal expectation values of field products on compactified Minkowski space
can be represented as finite linear combinations of basic (doubly periodic)
elliptic functions in the conformal time variables (of periods 1 and )
whose coefficients are, in general, formal power series in
involving spherical functions of the "space-like"
fields' arguments. As a corollary, if the resulting expansions converge to
meromorphic functions, then the finite temperature correlation functions are
elliptic. Thermal 2-point functions of free fields are computed and shown to
display these features. We also study modular transformation properties of
Gibbs energy mean values with respect to the (complex) inverse temperature
(). The results are used to obtain the
thermodynamic limit of thermal energy densities and correlation functions.Comment: LaTex. 56 pages. The concept of global conformal invariance set in a
historical perspective (new Sect. 1.1 in the Introduction), references added;
minor corrections in the rest of the pape
Influência da posição na encosta na manifestação do caráter coeso em solos da Formação Macacu, no Estado do Rio de Janeiro.
A coesão de alguns horizontes de certos solos interfere diretamente no crescimento de plantas, provocando redução da profundidade efetiva, do volume de raízes e da emergência de plântulas, em decorrência da redução da disponibilidade de água e ar no solo. Neste estudo, objetivou-se caracterizar, por meio dos atributos físicos, a coesão de horizontes de solos, em razão das posições dos perfis em duas topossequências em área de sedimentos Terciários da Formação Macacu, no município de Itaboraí, RJ. As encostas das topossequências possuíam Argissolo Amarelo distrocoeso típico, no segmento superior, e Latossolo Amarelo distrocoeso típico, no segmento inferior. Os horizontes subsuperficiais coesos apresentaram valores máximos de densidade próximos de 1,78 Mg m-3. Evidenciouse a forte tendência da manifestação do caráter coeso, em que as variações foram abruptas nos parâmetros físicos entre o horizonte A e os horizontes inferiores BA e Bw dos perfis. Os solos do segmento inferior da vertente apresentaram maior umidade de campo, condutividade hidráulica e água disponível. A manifestação do caráter coeso foi mais significativa nos solos dos segmentos superiores. Os atributos que melhor segregaram as amostras por causa da posição na vertente foram a densidade e macroporosidade, para o segmento superior, e água disponível e porosidade total, para o segmento inferior da vertente. Os solos posicionados no final da vertente apresentaram maiores teores de água; essa maior umidade deve ter sido responsável por amenizar a coesão. Este estudo ressaltou a importância das investigações sobre as variações do grau de coesão dos horizontes no perfil e dos solos, ao longo das vertentes, relacionando-o aos seus fluxos hídricos
Uhlmann's geometric phase in presence of isotropic decoherence
Uhlmann's mixed state geometric phase [Rep. Math. Phys. {\bf 24}, 229 (1986)]
is analyzed in the case of a qubit affected by isotropic decoherence treated in
the Markovian approximation. It is demonstrated that this phase decreases
rapidly with increasing decoherence rate and that it is most fragile to weak
decoherence for pure or nearly pure initial states. In the unitary case, we
compare Uhlmann's geometric phase for mixed states with that occurring in
standard Mach-Zehnder interferometry [Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 85}, 2845 (2000)]
and show that the latter is more robust to reduction in the length of the Bloch
vector. We also describe how Uhlmann's geometric phase in the present case
could in principle be realized experimentally.Comment: New ref added, refs updated, journal ref adde
Entanglement transformation between sets of bipartite pure quantum states using local operations
Alice and Bob are given an unknown initial state chosen from a set of pure
quantum states. Their task is to transform the initial state to a corresponding
final pure state using local operations only. We prove necessary and sufficient
conditions on the existence of such a transformation. We also provide efficient
algorithms that can quickly rule out the possibility of transforming a set of
initial states to a set of final states.Comment: 19 pages, 1 figure, minor revision, to appear in J.Math.Phy
Emergent Horizons in the Laboratory
The concept of a horizon known from general relativity describes the loss of
causal connection and can be applied to non-gravitational scenarios such as
out-of-equilibrium condensed-matter systems in the laboratory. This analogy
facilitates the identification and theoretical study (e.g., regarding the
trans-Planckian problem) and possibly the experimental verification of "exotic"
effects known from gravity and cosmology, such as Hawking radiation.
Furthermore, it yields a unified description and better understanding of
non-equilibrium phenomena in condensed matter systems and their universal
features. By means of several examples including general fluid flows, expanding
Bose-Einstein condensates, and dynamical quantum phase transitions, the
concepts of event, particle, and apparent horizons will be discussed together
with the resulting quantum effects.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figure
A Minkowski Type Trace Inequality and Strong Subadditivity of Quantum Entropy II: Convexity and Concavity
We revisit and prove some convexity inequalities for trace functions
conjectured in the earlier part I. The main functional considered is
\Phi_{p,q}(A_1,A_2,...,A_m) = (trace((\sum_{j=1}^m A_j^p)^{q/p}))^{1/q} for m
positive definite operators A_j. In part I we only considered the case q=1 and
proved the concavity of \Phi_{p,1} for 0 < p \leq 1 and the convexity for p=2.
We conjectured the convexity of \Phi_{p,1} for 1< p < 2. Here we not only
settle the unresolved case of joint convexity for 1 \leq p \leq 2, we are also
able to include the parameter q\geq 1 and still retain the convexity. Among
other things this leads to a definition of an L^q(L^p) norm for operators when
1 \leq p \leq 2 and a Minkowski inequality for operators on a tensor product of
three Hilbert spaces -- which leads to another proof of strong subadditivity of
entropy. We also prove convexity/concavity properties of some other, related
functionals.Comment: Proof of a conjecture in math/0701352. Revised version replaces
earlier draft. 18 pages, late
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