210 research outputs found
Analysis of Higher Spin Field Equations in Four Dimensions
The minimal bosonic higher spin gauge theory in four dimensions contains
massless particles of spin s=0,2,4,.. that arise in the symmetric product of
two spin 0 singletons. It is based on an infinite dimensional extension of the
AdS_4 algebra a la Vasiliev. We derive an expansion scheme in which the
gravitational gauge fields are treated exactly and the gravitational curvatures
and the higher spin gauge fields as weak perturbations. We also give the
details of an explicit iteration procedure for obtaining the field equations to
arbitrary order in curvatures. In particular, we highlight the structure of all
the quadratic terms in the field equations.Comment: Latex, 30 pages, several clarifications and few references adde
The finiteness of the four dimensional antisymmetric tensor field model in a curved background
A renormalizable rigid supersymmetry for the four dimensional antisymmetric
tensor field model in a curved space-time background is constructed. A closed
algebra between the BRS and the supersymmetry operators is only realizable if
the vector parameter of the supersymmetry is a covariantly constant vector
field. This also guarantees that the corresponding transformations lead to a
genuine symmetry of the model. The proof of the ultraviolet finiteness to all
orders of perturbation theory is performed in a pure algebraic manner by using
the rigid supersymmetry.Comment: 23 page
Higher Spin Gauge Theory and Holography: The Three-Point Functions
In this paper we calculate the tree level three-point functions of Vasiliev's
higher spin gauge theory in AdS4 and find agreement with the correlators of the
free field theory of N massless scalars in three dimensions in the O(N) singlet
sector. This provides substantial evidence that Vasiliev theory is dual to the
free field theory, thus verifying a conjecture of Klebanov and Polyakov. We
also find agreement with the critical O(N) vector model, when the bulk scalar
field is subject to the alternative boundary condition such that its dual
operator has classical dimension 2.Comment: 90 pages, 5 figures; v4, minor changes in the introductio
Noncompact gaugings, chiral reduction and dual sigma models in supergravity
We show that the half-maximal SU(2) gauged supergravity with topological mass
term admits coupling of an arbitrary number of n vector multiplets. The chiral
circle reduction of the ungauged theory in the dual 2-form formulation gives
N=(1,0) supergravity in 6D coupled to 3p scalars that parametrize the coset
SO(p,3)/SO(p)x SO(3), a dilaton and (p+3) axions with p < n+1. Demanding that
R-symmetry gauging survives in 6D is shown to put severe restrictions on the 7D
model, in particular requiring noncompact gaugings. We find that the SO(2,2)
and SO(3,1) gauged 7D supergravities give a U(1)_R, and the SO(2,1) gauged 7D
supergravity gives an Sp(1)_R gauged chiral 6D supergravities coupled to
certain matter multiplets. In the 6D models obtained, with or without gauging,
we show that the scalar fields of the matter sector parametrize the coset
SO(p+1,4)/SO(p+1)x SO(4), with the (p+3) axions corresponding to its abelian
isometries. In the ungauged 6D models, upon dualizing the axions to 4-form
potentials, we obtain coupling of p linear multiplets and one special linear
multiplet to chiral 6D supergravity.Comment: 41 pages, late
On the covariant quantization of tensionless bosonic strings in AdS spacetime
The covariant quantization of the tensionless free bosonic (open and closed)
strings in AdS spaces is obtained. This is done by representing the AdS space
as an hyperboloid in a flat auxiliary space and by studying the resulting
string constrained hamiltonian system in the tensionless limit. It turns out
that the constraint algebra simplifies in the tensionless case in such a way
that the closed BRST quantization can be formulated and the theory admits then
an explicit covariant quantization scheme. This holds for any value of the
dimension of the AdS space.Comment: 1+16 pages; v4 two clarifications adde
The macaroni sign
A 41-year-old woman was referred to radiology department for the evaluation of sudden paresis in the left side. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed multiple bilateral ischemic regions in the watershed areas. Also, the brain magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) showed bilateral internal carotid artery (ICA) occlusions at the level of the cervical ICA region. Both vertebral arteries were found to be enlarged (arrow) and the retrograde filling of the anterior circulation was observed (Fig. A). For the investigation and the differentiation of the bilateral carotid lesions, the color Doppler ultrasonography was obtained. This study showed homogenous, hypoechoic, circumferential wall thickening of both distal common carotid artery arteries (CCA). The thickening of the arteries wall were like ‘Macaroni’. The wall thickness was 0.17 cm (Fig. B). The tapering of both CCA and total oclusion of both ICA were seen. The carotid MRA revealed collateral circulation from the subclavian arteries to the ECA and 50% stenosis of the left CCA (arrow) and 70% stenosis of the right CCA at its origin. Vertebral arteries were also prominant and there were 50% narrowing in the mid portion of the left subclavian artery (Fig. C). The radiological diagnosis of the Takayasu’s arteritis (TA) was made and the patient was referred to the rheumatology clinic for further diagnosis and work-up
On Maximal Massive 3D Supergravity
We construct, at the linearized level, the three-dimensional (3D) N = 4
supersymmetric "general massive supergravity" and the maximally supersymmetric
N = 8 "new massive supergravity". We also construct the maximally
supersymmetric linearized N = 7 topologically massive supergravity, although we
expect N = 6 to be maximal at the non-linear level.Comment: 33 page
The effect of racemic gossypol and AT-101 on angiogenic profile of OVCAR-3 cells: a preliminary molecular framework for gossypol enantiomers
To compare the effect of racemic gossypol with its (–)/(–) enantiomer (AT-101) on expression profiles of angiogenic molecules by mRNA levels in human ovarian cancer cell line OVCAR-3. Methods: Cell viability assay (2,3-bis (2-methoxy-4-nitro-5- sulfophenyl)-5-[(phenylamino) carbonyl]-2H-tetrazolium hydroxide) was used to detect cytotoxicity of gossypol enantiomers. DNA fragmentation by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA) assay was used to evaluate the rate of apoptosis. The mRNA expression levels of angiogenic molecules were investigated by Human Angiogenesis RT2 ProfilerTM PCR Array (SuperArray, Frederick, MD). Results: Both racemic form and AT-101 resulted in a significant cytotoxicity and induced apoptosis. This effect was observed in a dose- and time dependent manner. However, AT-101 was much more potent. In addition, the treatment of 10 μM of racemic gossypol alone and 3 μM of AT-101 alone resulted in significant down-regulation (≥ 3 fold) in mRNA levels of some pivotal angiogenic molecules in OVCAR-3, but altered gene profiles were different by the treatment of each enantiomer. Conclusion: The efficacy of two gossypol enantiomers in OVCAR-3 cells showed distinction. AT-101 was much more potent than racemic gossypol, not only by means of cell death and apoptosis, but also by modulation of angiogenic molecules released from OVCAR-3 cells. Further studies with endothelial cells should be done to verify the anti-angiogenic effect of gossypol enantiomers in cancer treatment
Spinorial cohomology and maximally supersymmetric theories
Fields in supersymmetric gauge theories may be seen as elements in a
spinorial cohomology. We elaborate on this subject, specialising to maximally
supersymmetric theories, where the superspace Bianchi identities, after
suitable conventional constraints are imposed, put the theories on shell. In
these cases, the spinorial cohomologies describe in a unified manner gauge
transformations, fields and possible deformations of the models, e.g.
string-related corrections in an alpha' expansion. Explicit cohomologies are
calculated for super-Yang-Mills theory in D=10, for the N=(2,0) tensor
multiplet in D=6 and for supergravity in D=11, in the latter case from the
point of view of both the super-vielbein and the super-3-form potential. The
techniques may shed light on some questions concerning the alpha'-corrected
effective theories, and result in better understanding of the role of the
3-form in D=11 supergravity.Comment: 23 pp, plain tex. v2: Minor changes, references adde
Conformal Symmetry and Duality between Free Particle, H-atom and Harmonic Oscillator
We establish a duality between the free massless relativistic particle in d
dimensions, the non-relativistic hydrogen atom (1/r potential) in (d-1) space
dimensions, and the harmonic oscillator in (d-2) space dimensions with its mass
given as the lightcone momentum of an additional dimension. The duality is in
the sense that the classical action of these systems are gauge fixed forms of
the same worldline gauge theory action at the classical level, and they are all
described by the same unitary representation of the conformal group SO(d,2) at
the quantum level. The worldline action has a gauge symmetry Sp(2) which treats
canonical variables (x,p) as doublets and exists only with a target spacetime
that has d spacelike dimensions and two timelike dimensions. This spacetime is
constrained due to the gauge symmetry, and the various dual solutions
correspond to solutions of the constraints with different topologies. For
example, for the H-atom the two timelike dimensions X^{0'},X^{0} live on a
circle. The model provides an example of how realistic physics can be viewed as
existing in a larger covariant space that includes two timelike coordinates,
and how the covariance in the larger space unifies different looking physics
into a single system.Comment: Latex, 23 pages, minor improvements. In v3 a better gauge choice for
u for the H-atom is made; the results are the sam
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