12 research outputs found
Evaluation of the central sleep apnea in asymptomatic children with Chiari 1 malformation: an open question
INTRODUCTION: Type I is the most common Chiari malformation in children. In this condition, the lower part of the cerebellum, but not the brain stem, extends into the foramen magnum at the base of the skull leading to intermittent brain hypertension. In symptomatic children, central sleep apneas are shown in polysomnography evaluation. A central apnea index of 1/h or more is considered abnormal, but >5/h is clearly considered pathological. Therefore, central sleep apnea evaluation in pediatric age may show great age-related variability. METHOD AND SUBJECTS: We present three patients who were assessed by polysomnography with two different scores for central sleep apneas published in the literature: the method by Scholle (2011) and the American Academy of Sleep Medicine scoring system (2012). CONCLUSIONS: We speculated that the Scholle scoring system can be more helpful in assessing children with asymptomatic Chiari 1 malformation for a closer follow-up. More studies are needed
ArnoldâChiari type 1 malformation in PotockiâLupski syndrome
PotockiâLupski syndrome (PTLS) is a genetic disorder that results from an interstitial duplication within chromosome 17p11.2. Children with PTLS typically present with infantile hypotonia, failure to thrive, and global developmental delay with or without major organ system involvement. Systematic clinical studies regarding growth, cardiovascular disease, and neurocognitive profiles have been published; however, systematic evaluation of central nervous system structure by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain has not been reported. Herein, we describe three patients with PTLS who were foundâin the course of routine clinical careâto have a type 1 ArnoldâChiari malformation (CMâ1). This finding raises the question of whether the incidence of CMâ1 is increased in PTLS, and hence, if an MRI of the brain should be considered in the evaluation of all patients with this chromosomal duplication syndrome