Albumin-based cancer therapeutics for intraperitoneal drug delivery : a review

Albumin is a remarkable carrier protein with multiple cellular receptor and ligand binding sites, which are able to bind and transport numerous endogenous and exogenous compounds. The development of albumin-bound drugs is gaining increased importance in the targeted delivery of cancer therapy. Intraperitoneal (IP) drug delivery represents an attractive strategy for the local treatment of peritoneal metastasis (PM). PM is characterized by the presence of widespread metastatic tumor nodules on the peritoneum, mostly originating from gastro-intestinal or gynaecological cancers. Albumin as a carrier for chemotherapy holds considerable promise for IP delivery in patients with PM. Data from recent (pre)clinical trials suggest that IP albumin-bound chemotherapy may result in superior efficacy in the treatment of PM compared to standard chemotherapy formulations. Here, we review the evidence on albumin-bound chemotherapy with a focus on IP administration and its efficacy in PM

Specific Thiazolidinediones Inhibit Ovarian Cancer Cell Line Proliferation and Cause Cell Cycle Arrest in a PPARγ Independent Manner

Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor gamma (PPARγ) agonists, such as the thiazolinediones (TZDs), have been studied for their potential use as cancer therapeutic agents. We investigated the effect of four TZDs--Rosiglitazone (Rosi), Ciglitazone (CGZ), Troglitazone (TGZ), and Pioglitazone (Pio)--on ovarian cancer cell proliferation, PPARγ expression and PPAR luciferase reporter activity. We explored whether TZDs act in a PPARγ dependent or independent manner by utilizing molecular approaches to inhibit or overexpress PPARγ activity.Treatment with CGZ or TGZ for 24 hours decreased proliferation in three ovarian cancer cell lines, Ovcar3, CaOv3, and Skov3, whereas Rosi and Pio had no effect. This decrease in Ovcar3 cell proliferation was due to a higher fraction of cells in the G(0)/G(1) stage of the cell cycle. CGZ and TGZ treatment increased apoptosis after 4 hours of treatment but not after 8 or 12 hours. Treatment with TGZ or CGZ increased PPARγ mRNA expression in Ovcar3 cells; however, protein levels were unchanged. Surprisingly, luciferase promoter assays revealed that none of the TZDs increased PPARγ activity. Overexpression of wild type PPARγ increased reporter activity. This was further augmented by TGZ, Rosi, and Pio indicating that these cells have the endogenous capacity to mediate PPARγ transactivation. To determine whether PPARγ mediates the TZD-induced decrease in proliferation, cells were treated with CGZ or TGZ in the absence or presence of a dominant negative (DN) or wild type overexpression PPARγ construct. Neither vector changed the TZD-mediated cell proliferation suggesting this effect of TZDs on ovarian cancer cells may be PPARγ independent.CGZ and TGZ cause a decrease in ovarian cancer cell proliferation that is PPARγ independent. This concept is supported by the finding that a DN or overexpression of the wild type PPARγ did not affect the changes in cell proliferation and cell cycle

Quantitative modeling of the physiology of ascites in portal hypertension

Although the factors involved in cirrhotic ascites have been studied for a century, a number of observations are not understood, including the action of diuretics in the treatment of ascites and the ability of the plasma-ascitic albumin gradient to diagnose portal hypertension. This communication presents an explanation of ascites based solely on pathophysiological alterations within the peritoneal cavity. A quantitative model is described based on experimental vascular and intraperitoneal pressures, lymph flow, and peritoneal space compliance. The model's predictions accurately mimic clinical observations in ascites, including the magnitude and time course of changes observed following paracentesis or diuretic therapy

Kriterien zur Beurteilung von Hard- und Software fuer einen interaktiven grafischen Arbeitsplatz im Strassenentwurf Schlussbericht

TIB: AC 8798 / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEDEGerman

A study of the surface acidity of acid-treated montmorillonite clay catalysts

Abstract The surface acidity of a series of commercial Süd Chemie acid-treated montmorillonite clays (K-catalysts) has been evaluated by a wide range of complementary experimental techniques. The different methods applied allow a rather complete characterisation of the surface acidity providing a complete picture of the Lewis/Brønsted acid strength/density of the surface sites. IR data show that the Brønsted sites on these catalysts are relatively weak and provide evidence for a slight increase of the strength and the density of Brønsted sites in the order K5 < K10 ∼ K20 < K30 in full agreement with the trend in iso-butene conversion, which is a measure of the strength and/or the abundancy of Brønsted sites. The apparent contradiction of these data with those obtained from the ammonia adsorption and iso-propanol conversion experiments can be explained by the structural and chemical modification of the clays upon acid treatment

A study of the surface acidity of acid-treated montmorillonite clay catalysts

The surface acidity of a series of commercial Slid Chemie acid-treated montmorillonite clays (K-catalysts) has been evaluated by a wide range of complementary experimental techniques. The different methods applied allow a rather complete characterisation of the surface acidity providing a complete picture of the Lewis/Bronsted acid strength/density of the surface sites. IR data show that the Bronsted sites on these catalysts are relatively weak and provide evidence for a slight increase of the strength and the density of Bronsted sites in the order K5 K20 < K30 in full agreement with the trend in iso-butene conversion, which is a measure of the strength and/or the abundancy of Bronsted sites. The apparent contradiction of these data with those obtained from the ammonia adsorption and iso-propanol conversion experiments can be explained by the structural and chemical modification of the clays upon acid treatment. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved