Segmental sandwich osteotomy of the posterior mandible in pre-implant surgery : a systematic review

The rehabilitation of the atrophic posterior mandible with dental implants often requires bone augmentation procedures. The aim of the present study is the systematic review of the literature concerning the success rate of Segmental Sandwich Osteotomy (SSO) of the posterior mandible in pre-implant surgery. Systematic review of all clinical cases and clinical studies of SSO of the posterior mandible in pre-implant surgery with a minimum follow-up of 6 months after implant loading was performed, based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. The search strategy involved searching the electronic databases of MEDLINE, EMBASE, COCHRANE LIBRARY, Clinical Trials (www.clinicaltrials.gov) and National Research Register (www.controlled-trials.com), supplemented by a manual search, in August 2015. In every study, the intervention characteristics and the outcome were recorded. Out of the 756 initial results, only 17 articles fulfilled the predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. They consisted of 9 retrospective case reports or series and 8 prospective randomized clinical trials. Overall, the studies included 174 patients. In these patients, 214 SSO augmentation procedures were performed in the posterior mandible and 444 implants were placed. The follow-up period after implant loading ranged between 8 months and 5.5 years. The success rate of SSO ranged between 90% and 100%. The implant survival during the follow-up period ranged between 90.9% and 100%. Segmental Sandwich Osteotomy should be considered as a well documented technique for the rehabilitation of the atrophic posterior mandible, with long-term postsurgical follow-up. The success rates are very high, as well as the survival of the dental implants placed in the augmented area

Plasmacytoid Myoepithelioma of the Hard Palate: Case Report

Svrha: Mioepiteliomi su rijetke neoplazme žlijezda slinovnica, a sastoje se u cijelosti ili predominantno od stanica mioepitelnog fenotipa. Obično zahvaćaju parotidu i male žlijezde slinovnice na nepcu. Svrha rada: Opisan je slučaj plazmacitoidnog mioepitelioma tvrdog nepca. Opis slučaja i rezultati: Opisani tumor buknuo je na tvrdom nepcu 55-godišnje žene. Mikroskopskim pregledom ustanovljena je dobro ograničena neoplazma, ali ne i učahurena, a sadržavala je uglavnom plazmacitoidne stanice u labavoj fibrovaskularnoj stromi. Imunohistokemijski te su stanice reagirale s proteinom s-100, CK AE1/AE3 (slika 5 b), GFAP-om, kalponinom i CD138/sindekanom 1. Terapija se sastojala od uklanjanja cijelog tumora u lokalnoj anesteziji. Ni 14 mjeseci nakon zahvata nije bilo uočeno vraćanje novotvorine. Zaključak: Budući da se plazmacitoidni mioepiteliom rijetko pojavljuje na žlijezdama slinovnicama, njegova imunohistokemijska svojstva, liječenje i prognoza trebali bi se još detaljnije istražiti.Background: Myoepitheliomas are uncommon salivary gland neoplasms consisting entirely or predominantly of cells with myoepithelial phenotype. They commonly involve the parotid gland and the minor salivary glands of the palate. Aim: A case of plasmacytoid myoepithelioma of the hard palate is described. Case description and results: A 55-year-old woman presented to her oral surgeon with a tumor on the hard palate. Microscopic examination showed a well-circumscribed but non-encapsulated tumor, consisting mostly of plasmacytoid cells in a loose fibrovascular stroma. Neoplastic myoepithelial cells showed immunoreactivity for S-100 protein, CK AE1/AE3 (Figure 5b), GFAP, calponin, and D138/Syndecan-1. Total excision of the tumor under local anesthesia was performed and no recurrence was noted 14 months after treatment. Conclusions: Since plasmacytoid myoepithelioma is uncommon, minor salivary glands, its immunohistochemical features, management and prognosis should be further investigated

Atypical Presentation of an Upper Lip Pleomorphic Adenoma: Case Report

Pleomorfni adenom (PA) ili miješani tumor najčešća je neoplazma žlijezda slinovnica i obično se pojavljuje kao nespecifična klinička histopatološka manifestacija. Usne su drugo najčešće mjesto na kojemu nastaju novotvorine malih žlijezda slinovnica. Svrha ovog članka jest predstaviti slučaj 39- godišnje bjelkinje s oteklinom na desnoj strani gornje usne. U anamnezi je navela traumu u tom području nastalu prije osam godina. Prema mišljenju liječnika otekline su se u regiji pojavile zbog periapikalnog procesa vidljivog na ortopantomogramu. Intraoperativno kirurg je pronašao tvrdi čvorić u području oko labijalnog nabora. Histopatološkom analizom potvrđen je benigni miješani tumor žlijezde slinovnice. U ovom članku raspravlja se o devijaciji miješanog tumora žlijezda slinovnica između gornje i donje usne, zatim o kliničkoj diferencijalnoj dijagnozi i histopatološkom uzorku te o pravilnom liječenju.The pleomorphic adenoma (PA) or mixed tumour is the most common neoplasm of the salivary glands, usually presenting with a non-specific clinical manifestation and a diverse histopathological pattern. The region of the lips is the second most common site for minor gland neoplasms. The aim of this paper is to report the case of a 39 year old Caucasian woman presenting with a swelling on the right side of the upper lip combined with a history of trauma in the region of the upper right central incisor, eight years ago. The swelling was attributed to the periapical lesion of the upper right central incisor that was observed on the panoramic radiograph. Intraoperatively, the surgeon came upon a nodule of firm consistency in the mucolabial fold. The histopathologic diagnosis of this lesion was a benign mixed tumour of the salivary gland. This report discusses the deviation in frequency of mixed salivary gland tumour between upper and lower lip, the clinical differential diagnosis, the histopathological pattern and the appropriate treatment

Plasmacytoid Myoepithelioma of the Hard Palate: Case Report

Background: Myoepitheliomas are uncommon salivary gland neoplasms consisting entirely or predominantly of cells with myoepithelial phenotype. They commonly involve the parotid gland and the minor salivary glands of the palate. Aim: A case of plasmacytoid myoepithelioma of the hard palate is described. Case description and results: A 55-year-old woman presented to her oral surgeon with a tumor on the hard palate. Microscopic examination showed a well-circumscribed but non-encapsulated tumor, consisting mostly of plasmacytoid cells in a loose fibrovascular stroma. Neoplastic myoepithelial cells showed immunoreactivity for S-100 protein, CK AE1/AE3 (Figure 5b), GFAP, calponin, and CD138/Syndecan-1. Total excision of the tumor under local anesthesia was performed and no recurrence was noted 14 months after treatment. Conclusions: Since plasmacytoid myoepithelioma is uncommon, minor salivary glands, its immunohistochemical features, management and prognosis should be further investigated

Management of Intraosseous Vascular Malformations of the Jaws in Children and Adolescents: Report of 6 Cases and Literature Review

Background: Intraosseous vascular malformations represent a rare clinical entity of the facial skeleton. The purpose of the current study was to present our experience in a Greek paediatric population and propose guidelines for the treatment of these jaws anomalies in children and adolescents. Methods: A retrospective study (from 2009 to 2014) was performed to investigate the features and management of the intraosseous vascular anomalies in a Greek paediatric population. Results: Six patients aged between 6 and 14 years were treated for intraosseous vascular malformations (4 venous and 2 arteriovenous) of the jaws. Five lesions were located in the mandible and one in the maxilla. In four lesions with pronounced vascularity superselective angiography, followed by embolization was performed. Individualized surgical treatment, depending on the size and vascularity of the lesions was applied in 4 patients. Conclusions: The intraosseous vascular malformations of the jaws may escape diagnosis in paediatric patients. A multidisciplinary approach is important for their safe and efficient treatment. Embolization is recommended for extended high-flow lesions, either preoperatively or as a first-line treatment, when surgery is not feasible without significant morbidity

Infection control measures during the COVID-19 outbreak: An experience from reopening dental clinics in a university environment.

Abstract Βackground: After almost three months of quarantine due to COVID-19 pandemic the national authorities in accordance with the administration of the Dental School of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, made a huge effort to reopen the dental clinics of the School of Dentistry. Methods: The clinics were divided into three categories depending on the production of aerosol. Safety protocols for all personnel, students and patients were incorporated into daily routine. Labs, clinics and examinations were under surveillance of the Infection Control Committee of the School. All groups of students were subdivided, and appropriate distances were kept in all clinics and auditoriums. Strategies to lower patient attendance, reduce of aerosol, check the indoor air quality, monitor all visitors, control sterilization process and waste disposal are discussed further in this paper. Results: Many of the guidelines incorporated urgently due to the pandemic, are about to remain in many settings of the Dental School for future evaluation and better function of labs and clinics. Conclusion: A period of two months for training dental students in advanced safety protocols is needed while reopening due to COVID-19. The cost for protective equipment and single use materials tripled during the operation of dental clinics and laboratories due to COVID-19. Τhe amount of hazardous waste produced in the dental clinics doubled in a period of two months. Public health can be protected if safety protocols and use of protective equipment is used by both staff and students

Indoor Air Quality Evaluation Using Mechanical Ventilation and Portable Air Purifiers in an Academic Dentistry Clinic during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Greece

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is mainly transmitted through droplets without overlooking other sources of transmission, rendered attention on the air quality in indoor areas and more specifically in healthcare settings. The improvement of indoor air quality (IAQ) is ensured by frequent changes of the air that must be carried out in healthcare areas and with assistance from special devices that undertake the filtration of the air and its purification through special filters and lamps. In this research, the performance of air purifiers is assessed in terms of the limitation of PM2.5, PM10, VOCs and CO2 in a postgraduate clinic of the Dentistry School of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens in parallel with mechanical ventilation. Our findings indicate that the use of mechanical ventilation plays a key role on the results, retaining good IAQ levels within the clinic and that air purifiers show a positive impact on IAQ by mainly reducing the levels of PM2.5 and secondly of TVOC