МикроРНК как важные диагностичеcкие предвестники развития акушерской патологии

MicroRNAs (miRs) are the class of short nucleotide sequences (21–27 nucleotides) RNA, non-coding protein synthesis. miRs are known as effective posttranscriptional negative regulators of gene expression with specific binding sites of targeted messenger RNA (mRNA) in the cytoplasm, providing translational repression or degradation of the target miR transcript. In this review we studied the role of miRNAs in the development of a physiological pregnancy and obstetric complications. The placenta is a unique organ which provides modulation of the immune system of the maternal organism during pregnancy including miRs which determine immunological tolerance of the body to the tissues of the fetus. Thus the «placental» miRs in maternal circulation may be the potential biomarker revealed at various obstetric pathology on the early stages before clinical manifestation of the diseases.МикроРНК (мкНК) — класс коротких нуклеотидных последовательностей (21–27 нуклеотидов) РНК, не участвующих в синтезе белка. мкРНК рассматривают как эффективные посттранскрипционные негативные регуляторы экспрессии генов, связывающи- еся со специфическими участками матричных РНК (мРНК) в цитоплазме, обеспечивающие репрессию трансляции или деградацию транскриптов мишеней мРНК. Показана роль мкРНК в развитии нормальной беременности и ее осложнений, уделено внимание профилям мкРНК на разных сроках физиологической беременности, особенно при иммунологической толерантности организма матери к тканям плода во время беременности. Также отмечены мкРНК, ассоциированные с иммуносупрессией, представлен профиль мкРНК, связанных с преэклампсией. Определение плацентарных мкРНК в материнском кровотоке рекомендовано исполь- зовать в качестве раннего прогностического биомаркера значимой акушерской патологии до наступления клинической манифестации заболевания

Medically induced abortion at 12 to 22 weeks gestation: Indications, methods, and results

Objective. To give an update on abortion procedures in the second trimester of pregnancy (at 12 to 22 weeks’ gestation). Subject and methods. Available literature sources published in Medline, Pubmed, and other databases were sought. A total of 107 sources dealing with different abortion procedures in the second trimester were found; 20 of them were included in this review. Results. Both surgical (dilatation and evacuation) and medical procedures are recommended to end pregnancy after 12 weeks. Their advantages, high efficiency, and possible complications of the medical procedure using mifepristone and misoprostol over other techniques are shown. Conclusion. The clinical experience of medically induced abortion in late periods (in the second trimester – at 12 to 22 weeks’ gestation) demonstrates that this technique is promising and safe. © Bionika Media Ltd

Medically induced abortion at 12 to 22 weeks gestation: Indications, methods, and results

Objective. To give an update on abortion procedures in the second trimester of pregnancy (at 12 to 22 weeks’ gestation). Subject and methods. Available literature sources published in Medline, Pubmed, and other databases were sought. A total of 107 sources dealing with different abortion procedures in the second trimester were found; 20 of them were included in this review. Results. Both surgical (dilatation and evacuation) and medical procedures are recommended to end pregnancy after 12 weeks. Their advantages, high efficiency, and possible complications of the medical procedure using mifepristone and misoprostol over other techniques are shown. Conclusion. The clinical experience of medically induced abortion in late periods (in the second trimester – at 12 to 22 weeks’ gestation) demonstrates that this technique is promising and safe. © Bionika Media Ltd

Prediction and laboratory diagnostics of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy

Prediction and laboratory diagnostics of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy A.A. Balushkina, V.L. Tyutyunnik, N.E. Kan, D.K. Harchenko, D.A. Boris Acad. V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology, Moscow, Russian Federation The major goal of perinatal care is to reduce maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Hypertensive disorders which occurs in 10% (in Russia, in 5% to 30%) contribute greatly to the maternal morbidity and mortality. Every year more than 50,000 pregnant women die of the complications of hypertension. In developed countries, these complications rank second among the causes of antenatal and postnatal pathology being responsible for 20% to 25% of perinatal deaths. Hypertensive disorders remain a vital issue in present-day public health. Gestational hypertension, chronic hypertension, and preeclampsia have an important role in routine obstetrics determining maternal mortality and morbidity rates worldwide. Preeclampsia is one of the most common disorders in pregnancy accompanied by local intrauterine and systemic disturbances which result in significant maternal and fetal problems. Studies on the prediction and diagnosis of severe hypertension in pregnancy to determine management strategy, terms and method of birth are of crucial importance. Keywords: hypertensive disorders, gestational hypertension, chronic hypertension, preeclampsia, pregnancy, diagnostics, laboratory tests. For citation: Balushkina A.A., Tyutyunnik V.L., Kan N.E. et al. Prediction and laboratory diagnostics of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2019;2(2):89–94.<br

Expression of fucosylated glycans in endothelial glycocalyces of placental villi at early and late fetal growth restriction

International audienceThe aim of the study was to investigate the content and distribution of fucosylated sugar residues and Lewis Y (LeY) in the endothelial glycocalyx (eGC) in placental tissue at early and late onset fetal growth restriction (FGR). Our findings demonstrated that the changes of the fucosylated glycans of type 2 (H2)/LeY in the vascular endothelium of the villi may reflect alteration of villi maturation, or adaptation to hypoxia through the change of cell proliferation potential and induction angiogenesis. Early onset FGR differs from late onset FGR by a markedly increased LeY expression, being associated with more severe pathological state