Knowledge Organisation and its Role in Multimedia Information Retrieval

Various kinds of knowledge organisation (such as thesauri) are routinely used to label or tag multimedia content such as images and music, to support information retrieval i.e. user search for such content. In this paper we outline why this is the case, in particular focusing on the semantic gap between content and concept based multimedia retrieval. We survey some indexing vocabularies used for multimedia retrieval, and argue that techniques such as thesauri will be needed for the foreseeable future in order to support users in their need for multimedia content. In particular we argue that Artificial Intelligence (A.I.) techniques are not mature enough to solve the problem of indexing multimedia conceptually, and will not be able to replace human indexers for the foreseeable future

Table_1_The Goldilocks Day for healthy adiposity measures among children and adolescents.DOCX

BackgroundThe optimal balance of time spent on daily movement behaviors (“The Goldilocks Day”) associated with childhood obesity remains unknown.ObjectiveTo estimate the optimal durations of sleep, sedentary behavior (SB), light physical activity (LPA), and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MPVA) associated with excess adiposity in a paediatric population.MethodsAccelerometer-measured 24-h movement behaviors were obtained from 659 Czech children and adolescents (8-18-year-olds). Adiposity indicators were body mass index z-score, fat mass percentage, fat-free mass index, and visceral adipose tissue. Excess adiposity was defined as exceeding the 85th percentile for an adiposity indicator. Compositional regression analyses were used investigate the associations between movement behaviors and adiposity indicators and estimating “The Goldilocks Day.”ResultsThe movement behavior composition was associated with visceral adipose tissue (Fdf1 = 3,df2 = 317 = 3.672, p = 0.013) and fat mass percentage (Fdf1 = 3,df2 = 289 = 2.733, p = 0.044) among children and adolescents. The Goldilocks Day consisted of 8.5 h of sleep, 10.8 h of SB, 3.9 h of LPA, and 0.8 h of MVPA among children and 7.5 h of sleep, 12.4 h of SB, 3.6 h of LPA, and 0.5 h of MVPA among adolescents.ConclusionOptimizing the time spent sleeping, and in sedentary and physical activities appears to be important in the prevention of excess adiposity.</p

Additional file 3: of Adiposity and the isotemporal substitution of physical activity, sedentary time and sleep among school-aged children: a compositional data analysis approach

Mean Daily Behaviour Composition Across zBMI Categories (PDF 93 kb

Additional file 1: of Adiposity and the isotemporal substitution of physical activity, sedentary time and sleep among school-aged children: a compositional data analysis approach

Compositional Data Analysis Description and Sample R Code (PDF 2113 kb