Static Quantum Games Revisited

The so called \emph{quantum game theory} has recently been proclaimed as one of the new branches in the development of both quantum information theory and game theory. However, the notion of a quantum game itself has never been strictly defined, which has led to a lot of conceptual confusion among different authors. In this paper we introduce a new conceptual framework of a \emph{scenario} and an \emph{implementation} of a game. It is shown that the procedures of "quantization" of games proposed in the literature lead in fact to several different games which can be defined within the same scenario, but apart from this they may have nothing in common with the original game. Within the framework we put forward, a lot of conceptual misunderstandings that have arisen around "quantum games" can be stated clearly and resolved uniquely. In particular, the proclaimed essential role of entanglement in several static "quantum games", and their connection with Bell inequalities, is disproved

Unified approach to geometric and positive-map-based non-linear entanglement identifiers

Detecting quantumness of correlations (especially entanglement) is a very hard task even in the simplest case i.e. two-partite quantum systems. Here we provide an analysis whether there exists a relation between two most popular types of entanglement identifiers: the first one based on positive maps and not directly applicable in laboratory and the second one --- geometric entanglement identifier which is based on specific Hermiticity-preserving maps. We show a profound relation between those two types of entanglement criteria. Hereunder we have proposed a general framework of nonlinear functional entanglement identifiers which allows us to construct new experimentally friendly entanglement criteria.Comment: 11 pages, 3 figure

Influence of natural hydromorphological dynamics on biota and ecosystem function. Part 2 (chapters 4 to 6 of 6). Deliverable 2.2 Part 2 of REFORM (REstoring rivers FOR effective catchment Management), a Collaborative project (large-scale integrating project) funded by the European Commission within the 7th Framework Programme under Grant Agreement 282656

The research developed in this report builds upon the Hierarchical Framework developed in Deliverable 2.1 to investigate links between ecology and hydromorphology at multiple scales considering its relevance for the better understanding of river fauna (macroinvertebrates and fish) functioning as well as incorporating extreme hydrological events as biota-shaping phenomena

The Beijing Consensus - Chinese Development Model

The article attempts to present the essence and main assumptions of the concept of China's socio-economic policy in opposition to the concept of economic policy defined by the principles of Washington Consensus. The Beijing Consensus is a set of principles characterizing the economic policy implemented by the Communist Party of China since the late 1970s, resulting in the intensification of the country's economic growth and development, while maintaining the specificity of the political system and taking into account China's socio- -economic conditions. China, recognizing that the country faces a unique set of challenges and therefore requires unique solutions, has chosen its own alternative development concept. The socio-economic policy implemented according to certain principles, meets not only social needs, but also becomes an increasingly noticeable way to implement Chinese soft power on the international stage. By making this choice, China remains on its own path of rapid development and unprecedented increase in political and economic significance in the global economy.(original abstract

Uwarunkowania i kierunki przemian sektora elektroenergetycznego w Polsce praca doktorska /

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The amount and the structure of research and development financing in economically developed countries. Conclusions for Poland

The study takes up the issues of research and development activities in the econo-my. In the paper the following assertion has been verified: despite the increase in expen-ditures on R&D in Poland comparing to increasing investments in the developed econo-mies, it is not sufficient to compensate the existing gap in innovation between Poland and these countries. The study drew attention to the size and structure of expenditures on research and development in the developed countries and Poland. In the paper there was also an assessment of R&D activities undertaken by the public sector in Poland presen¬ted, as well as the state and the general causes of low or insufficient research and deve¬lopment activities in the Polish economy