Health Researchers' Use of Social Media: Scoping Review.

BackgroundHealth researchers are increasingly using social media in a professional capacity, and the applications of social media for health researchers are vast. However, there is currently no published evidence synthesis of the ways in which health researchers use social media professionally, and uncertainty remains as to how best to harness its potential.ObjectiveThis scoping review aimed to explore how social media is used by health researchers professionally, as reported in the literature.MethodsThe scoping review methodology guided by Arksey and O'Malley and Levac et al was used. Comprehensive searches based on the concepts of health research and social media were conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, ERIC, and Web of Science databases, with no limitations applied. Articles were screened at the title and abstract level and at full text by two reviewers. One reviewer extracted data that were analyzed descriptively to map the available evidence.ResultsA total of 8359 articles were screened at the title and abstract level, of which 719 were also assessed at full text for eligibility. The 414 articles identified for inclusion were published in 278 different journals. Studies originated from 31 different countries, with the most prevalent being the United States (52.7% [218/414]). The health discipline of the first authors varied, with medicine (33.3% [138/414]) being the most common. A third of the articles covered health generally, with 61 health-specific topics. Papers used a range of social media platforms (mean 1.33 [SD 0.7]). A quarter of the articles screened reported on social media use for participant recruitment (25.1% [104/414]), followed by practical ways to use social media (15.5% [64/414]), and use of social media for content analysis research (13.3% [55/414]). Articles were categorized as celebratory (ie, opportunities for engagement, 72.2% [299/414]), contingent (ie, opportunities and possible limitations, 22.7% [94/414]) and concerned (ie, potentially harmful, 5.1% [21/414]).ConclusionsHealth researchers are increasingly publishing on their use of social media for a range of professional purposes. Although most of the sentiment around the use of social media in health research was celebratory, the uses of social media varied widely. Future research is needed to support health researchers to optimize their social media use

Factors associated with parents’ experiences using a knowledge translation tool for vaccination pain management: a qualitative study

Background: Vaccination is a common painful procedure for children. Parents’ concern regarding vaccination pain is a significant driver of vaccine hesitancy. Despite the wealth of evidence-based practices available for managing vaccination pain, parents lack knowledge of, and access to, these strategies. Knowledge translation (KT) tools can communicate evidence-based information to parents, however little is known about what factors influence parents’ use of these tools. A two-page, electronic KT tool on psychological, physical, and pharmacological vaccination pain management strategies for children, was shared with parents as part of a larger mixed methods study, using explanatory sequential design, exploring factors related to uptake of this KT tool. The aim of this qualitative study was to understand what influenced parents’ perceptions of the relevance of the KT tool, as well as their decision as to whether to use the tool. Methods: A qualitative descriptive design was used. A total of 20 parents of children aged 0–17 years (n = 19 mothers) reviewed the KT tool ahead of their child’s upcoming vaccination and participated in a semi-structured interview at follow-up. Interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed with reflexive thematic analysis using an inductive approach. Results: The analysis generated three interrelated themes which described factors related to parents’ use of the KT tool: (1) Relevance to parents’ needs and circumstances surrounding their child’s vaccination; (2) Alignment with parents’ personal values around, and experiences with, vaccination pain management (e.g., the importance of managing pain); and (3) Support from the clinical environment for implementing evidence-based strategies (e.g., physical clinical environment and quality of interactions with the health care provider). Conclusions: Several factors were identified as central to parents’ use of the KT tool, including the information itself and the clinical environment. When the tool was perceived as relevant, aligned with parents’ values, and was supported by health care providers, parents were more inclined to use the KT tool to manage their children’s vaccination pain. Future research could explore other factors related to promoting engagement and uptake when creating parent-directed KT tools for a range of health-related contexts

Epidemiology of chronic pain in children and adolescents : a protocol for a systematic review update

Funding This work was supported by an operating grant from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (FRN167902) awarded to CTC and funding from the Dalhousie Medical Research Foundation (DMRF). CTC is the senior author and is supported by a Tier 1 Canada Research Chair with infrastructure support from the Canada Foundation for Innovation. CLL is supported by an IWK Health Centre Summer Studentship (1025420). PRT is supported by a Research Nova Scotia Scholars Award, a Nova Scotia Graduate Scholarship and an IWK Graduate Studentship Award, and is a trainee member of Pain Child Health (PICH).Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Preliminary development of a measure of parental behavioral responses to everyday pains in young children: the PREP

Abstract. Introduction:. Everyday pains are experienced frequently by young children. Parent responses shape how young children learn about and experience pain. However, research on everyday pains in toddlers and preschoolers is scarce, and no self-report measures of parent responses to their child's pain exist for this age group. Objectives:. The objective of this study was to develop a preliminary self-report measure of parent behavioral responses to everyday pains in the toddler and preschool years (the PREP) and examine its relationship with child age, sex, and parent and child distress. Methods:. Items for the PREP were based on a behavioural checklist used in a past observational study of caregiver responses to toddler's everyday pains. Parents (N = 290; 93% mothers) of healthy children (47.9% boys) between 18 and 60 months (Mage = 34.98 months, SD = 11.88 months) completed an online survey of 46 initial PREP items, demographic characteristics, and their child's typical distress following everyday pains. An exploratory factor analysis was performed on the PREP items that describe observable actions parents may take in response to their young child's everyday pains. Results:. The final solution included 10 items across 3 factors: Distract, Physical Soothe, and Extra Attention and explained 60% of the model variance. All PREP subscales were related to child distress; only Physical Soothe and Extra Attention were related to parent distress. Conclusion:. This study was a preliminary step in the development and testing of a new self-report measure of parental responses to everyday pains during early childhood

Quantitative sensory testing for assessment of somatosensory function in children and adolescents: a scoping review

Abstract. Quantitative sensory testing (QST) refers to a group of noninvasive psychophysical tests that examine responses to a range of calibrated mechanical and thermal stimuli. Quantitative sensory testing has been used extensively in adult pain research and has more recently been applied to pediatric pain research. The aims of this scoping review were to map the current state of the field, to identify gaps in the literature, and to inform directions for future research. Comprehensive searches were run in 5 databases. Titles, abstracts, and full texts were screened by 2 reviewers. Data related to the study aims were extracted and analyzed descriptively. A total of 16,894 unique studies were identified, of which 505 were screened for eligibility. After a full-text review, 301 studies were retained for analysis. Date of publication ranged from 1966 to 2023. However, the majority of studies (61%) were published within the last decade. Studies included participants across the developmental trajectory (ie, early childhood to adolescence) and most often included a combination of school-age children and adolescents (49%). Approximately 23% of studies were conducted in healthy samples. Most studies (71%) used only one QST modality. Only 14% of studies reported using a standardized QST protocol. Quantitative sensory testing in pediatric populations is an emerging and rapidly growing area of pain research. Future work is needed using comprehensive, standardized QST protocols to harness the full potential that this procedure can offer to our understanding of pediatric pain

Availability of researcher-led eHealth tools for pain assessment and management: barriers, facilitators, costs, and design

Abstract. Introduction: Numerous eHealth tools for pain assessment and management have been developed and evaluated with promising results regarding psychometric properties, efficacy, and effectiveness. Although considerable resources are spent on developing and evaluating these tools with the aim of increasing access to care, current evidence suggests they are not made available to end users, reducing their impact and creating potential research waste. Methods: This study consisted of 2 components: (1) a systematic review of eHealth tools for pediatric pain assessment and/or management published in the past 10 years, and (2) an online survey, completed by the authors of identified tools, of tool availability, perceived barriers or facilitators to availability, grant funding used, and a validated measure of user-centeredness of the design process (UCD-11). Results: Ninety articles (0.86% of citations screened) describing 53 tools met inclusion criteria. Twenty-six survey responses were completed (49.06%), 13 of which (50.00%) described available tools. Commonly endorsed facilitators of tool availability included researchers' beliefs in tool benefits to the target population and research community; barriers included lack of infrastructure and time. The average cost of each unavailable tool was $314,425.31 USD ($3,144,253.06 USD total, n = 10). Authors of available tools were more likely to have followed user-centered design principles and reported higher total funding. Conclusion: Systemic changes to academic and funding structures could better support eHealth tool availability and may reduce potential for research waste. User-centered design and implementation science methods could improve the availability of eHealth tools and should be further explored in future studies

Pain and Fear of Cancer Recurrence in Survivors of Childhood Cancer

Objectives: Theoretical models suggest that anxiety, pain intensity, and pain catastrophizing are implicated in a cycle that leads to heightened fear of cancer recurrence (FCR). However, these relationships have not been empirically examined. The objective of this study was to examine the relationships between anxiety symptoms, pain intensity, pain catastrophizing, and FCR in childhood cancer survivors and their parents and to examine whether pain catastrophizing predicts increased FCR beyond anxiety symptoms and pain intensity. Methods: The participants were 54 survivors of various childhood cancers ( M age =13.1 y, range=8.4 to 17.9 y, 50% female) and their parents (94% mothers). Children reported on their pain intensity in the past 7 days. Children and parents separately completed measures of anxiety symptoms, pain catastrophizing, and FCR. Results: Higher anxiety symptoms were associated with increased pain intensity, pain catastrophizing, and FCR in childhood cancer survivors. Higher anxiety symptoms and pain catastrophizing, but not child pain intensity, were associated with FCR in parents. Hierarchical linear regression models revealed that pain catastrophizing explained unique variance in both parent (Δ R 2 =0.11, P <0.01) and child (Δ R 2 =0.07, P <0.05) FCR over and above the effects of their own anxiety symptoms and child pain. Discussion: The results of this study provides novel data on the association between pain and FCR and suggests that a catastrophic style of thinking about pain is more closely related to heightened FCR than one’s anxiety symptoms or the sensory pain experience in both childhood cancer survivors and their parents. Pain catastrophizing may be a novel intervention target for survivors and parents struggling with fears of recurrence

Measuring fear of cancer recurrence in survivors of childhood cancer: Development and preliminary validation of the Fear of Cancer Recurrence Inventory (FCRI)‐Child and Parent versions

Abstract Objective Fear of cancer recurrence (FCR) is a common and distressing psychosocial concern for adult cancer survivors. Data on this construct in child survivors is limited and there are no validated measures for this population. This study aimed to adapt the Fear of Cancer Recurrence Inventory‐Short Form (FCRI‐SF) for survivors of childhood cancer aged 8–18 years (Fear of Cancer Recurrence Inventory—Child version [FCRI‐C]) and their parents (Fear of Cancer Recurrence Inventory—Parent version [FCRI‐P]) to self‐report on their own FCR and to examine the initial psychometric properties. Methods The FCRI‐SF was adapted through expert panel input and cognitive interviews with child survivors <18 years. The factor structure, internal consistency and construct and criterion validity of the FCRI‐C and FCRI‐P were examined in 124 survivors of childhood cancer (43% female; M age = 14.58 years, SD = 2.90) and 106 parents (90% mothers). Results All FCRI‐SF items were retained for the FCRI‐C with simplified language. The internal consistencies of the FCRI‐C ( α = 0.88) and FCRI‐P ( α = 0.83) were good. Exploratory factor analyses yielded one‐factor structures for both measures. Higher scores on the FCRI‐C and FCRI‐P were associated with greater intolerance of uncertainty and pain catastrophizing. Higher child FCR was also related to more hypervigilance to bodily symptoms. Parents with higher FCR reported contacting their child's doctors and nurses and scheduling medical appointments for their child more frequently. Children reported significantly lower FCR compared to parents. Conclusions The FCRI‐C and FCRI‐P demonstrated strong reliability and preliminary validity. This study offers preliminary data to support the use of the FCRI‐C and FCRI‐P to measure FCR in survivors of childhood cancer aged 8–18 years and their parents