Exploration of the relationship between implicit theory of intelligence and employability

The world of work today calls for individuals to be active participants in designing their careers. This study focuses on the relationship between one’s beliefs (mindset) about intelligence and employability. Quantitative data were collected using the implicit theory of intelligence (self-theory scale) from 75 participants of a high-technology company in San Jose, California. Participants were divided into two groups of mindsets, growth and fixed. Twenty participants were randomly selected for a semi-structured interview where qualitative data were gathered and analyzed. The study found that individuals with a growth mindset emphasize newness as a variable in their career decisions, look at their careers in the broader context of organizational impact, and are more likely to view their careers using their own lens. Alternatively, individuals with a fixed mindset are more likely to be influenced by other people in making career decisions. Also, the difference in mindsets does impact employability orientation

Selective isolation of dissolved organic matter from aquatic systems

A chromatographic ion-exchange procedure for fractionation, isolation and concentration of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in surface waters was developed and applied to samples from Illinois lakes. Isolation of the acidic (humic) DOM fraction was optimized using solutions of simple model compounds chemically similar to humics and commercially available soil humic acid. Recoveries of DOM from five humic-containing (colored) surface waters were in excess of 90%. A series of experiments using model compounds, various desorption solutions, and select charge modified and unmodified cellulose separation materials demonstrated that the mechanism of sorption of the acidic fraction, and of its recovery by controlled desorption, is simple ion exchange. Hydrophobic (nonpolar) interactions did not affect sorption processes as has been suggested by other authors. Subsequently, filtered water samples were applied to a fractionation scheme designed to separate the DOM into anion exchanged (acidic), cation exchanged (basic) and nonexchanged (neutral) fractions. Of the DOM, most of the dissolved organic carbon and a large portion of dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) in all samples was recovered in the acidic fraction, with the neutral fraction containing most of the remaining DOM. The cationic (at pH 3) fraction contained a lower portion of the DOM than expected, indicating that DON in the water samples was not composed of positively charged amines available for ion exchange under the experimental conditions. DON was monitored throughout the fractionation scheme by a sensitive fluorescence (o-phthaldialdehyde) method developed in this study and generally applicable to measuring small samples containing low concentrations of DON found in natural waters. The lack of suitable methods for isolating and concentrating dissolved organic matter has hindered progress on its chemical characterization. The fractionation scheme developed and tested is a useful tool for researchers studying the chemical nature of dissolved organic matter, which affects water quality in many ways.U.S. Department of the InteriorU.S. Geological SurveyOpe

ALTERED MAIZE ENDOSPERM ADP-GLUCOSE PYROPHOSPHORYLASES FROM REVERTANTS OF A <i>SHRUNKEN-2-DISSOCIATION ALLELE</i>

ABSTRACT Four phenotypically wild-type seeds were obtained from separate Activator-induced events in the Dissociation-inhibited allele sh2-ml (shrunken-2, mutable-1). Endosperm adenosine diphosphoglucose pyrophosphorylase, the enzyme controlled by sh2, was extracted and partially purified from the four revertants and was compared to enzyme produced by the progenitor Sh2 allele and the sh2-m allele. The revertants contained 50 to 140% of the activity conditioned by the progenitor allele. Each of the revertants appears to be unique as judged by differences in Km(glucose-1-PO4), 3-phosphoglycerate(3-PGA) activation, and phosphate-inhibition. In one case the reversion event apparently increased the sensitivity of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylate to 3-PGA activation.</jats:p

Poliovirus RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase Synthesizes Full-Length Copies of Poliovirion RNA, Cellular mRNA, and Several Plant Virus RNAs In Vitro

The poliovirus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase was active on synthetic homopolymeric RNA templates as well as on every natural RNA tested. The polymerase copied polyadenylate· oligouridylate [oligo(U)], polycytidylate · oligoinosinate, and polyinosinate· oligocytidylate templates to about the same extent. The observed activity on polyuridylate· oligoadenylate was about fourfold less. Full-length copies of both poliovirion RNA and a wide variety of other polyadenylated RNAs were synthesized by the polymerase in the presence of oligo(U). Polymerase elongation rates on poliovirion RNA and a heterologous RNA (squash mosaic virus RNA) were about the same. Changes in the Mg 2+ concentration affected the elongation rates on both RNAs to the same extent. With two non-polyadenylated RNAs (tobacco mosaic virus RNA and brome mosaic virus RNA3), the results were different. The purified polymerase synthesized a subgenomic-sized product RNA on brome mosaic virus RNA3 in the presence of oligo(U). This product RNA appeared to initiate on oligo(U) hybridized to an internal oligoadenylate sequence in brome mosaic virus RNA3. No oligo(U)-primed product was synthesized on tobacco mosaic virus RNA. When partially purified polymerase was used in place of the completely purified enzyme, some oligo(U)-independent activity was observed on the brome mosaic virus and tobacco mosaic virus RNAs. The size of the product RNA from these reactions suggested that at least some of the product RNA was full-sized and covalently linked to the template RNA. Thus, the polymerase was found to copy many different types of RNA and to make full-length copies of the RNAs tested. </jats:p