BTN1A1 , FABP3 and TG genes polymorphism in East Anatolian red cattle breed and South Anatolian red cattle breed

The aim of the study was to determine butyrophilin, thyroglobulin and fatty acid binding protein genes in East Anatolian Red cattle breed and South Anatolian Red cattle breed. In the study, unrelated 50 South Anatolian red and 50 East Anatolian red cattle were used. Genomic DNA was isolated from whole blood using standart salt-out protocol. The polymerase chain reaction technique was used for gene amplification. Allele and genotype distribution and Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was calculated by using PopGene32 software program. For BTN1A1 gene, A allele frequency was higher in East Anatolian red (EAR) and South Anatolian red (SAR) cattles. In TG gene, T allele frequency was higher in SAR breed but this frequency was lower in EAR cattle breed. For FABP3 gene, G allele frequency was lower in SAR breed but it was higher in EAR breed. The presented results should be confirmed in future investigations, taking into consideration all possible genotype at different loci and using other restriction enzymes for recognizing the variants.Keywords: BTN1A1, TG, FABP3, cattle, polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment lenght polymorphism (PCR-RFLP)African Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 12(20), pp. 2802-280

FASN Gene Polymorphism in Indigenous Cattle Breeds of Turkey

The aim of this study was to determine the variants of the thio esterase (TE) beta-ketoacyl reductase (KR) domains of the Fatty Acid Synthase (FASN) gene, in the East Anatolian Red (EAR) and South Anatolian Red (SAR) cattle breeds. It has been suggested that the FASN gene is effective on fatty acid composition of meat in cattle. In this study, the genotype and allele frequencies of g.17924 A>G, g.18440 G>A and g.16024 G>A, g.16039 T>C in TB and KR domains, respectively, were detected by using polymerase chain reaction - restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. The g.18663 T>C polymorphism of the TB domain was determined by direct sequencing. The GO genotype of the g.17924 A>G polymorphism, which affects unsaturated fatty acid composition positively, has a high frequency in EAR and SAR breeds. The frequencies of the two haplotypes g.16024 G>A and g.16039 T>C in the KR domain were found to be significantly high in both breeds. These haplotypes also have positive effects on unsaturated fatty acid composition. The AA genotype of the g. 18440 G>A polymorphism, which is suggested to be absent in Bos taurus breeds, was detected in SAR and EAR breeds with frequencies close to those in Bos indicus breeds. In conclusion, we suggest that SAR and EAR cattle breeds have an advantage in terms of genotype and haplotype distribution of the polymorphisms in TE and KR domains of the FASN gene. Additionally g.18440 G>A polymorphism might be a potential marker for breed discrimination

GENOTYPE AND ALLELE FREQUENCIES OF POLYMORPHISMS IN ABCG2, PPARGC1A AND OLR1 GENES IN INDIGENOUS CATTLE BREEDS IN TURKEY

This study was carried out to determine polymorphisms of four genes in South Anatolian Red (SAR) and East Anatolian Red (EAR) indigenous cattle breeds in Turkey. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) monitored in this study are Y581S in ATP binding cassette sub family G member 2 (ABCG2) gene, c.1892T>C and c.3359A>C in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha (PPARGC1A) gene and g.8232C>A in oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor I (OLR1) gene. The frequency of the ancestral allele A of the ABCG2 gene Y581S polymorphism was found to be very high (SAR: 0.63; EAR: 0.64) in both cattle breeds. The CC genotypes of PPARGC1A gene c.1892T>C (SAR: 0.65; EAR: 0.80) and OLR1 gene g.8232C>A polymorphisms (SAR: 0.82; EAR: 0.86), which are associated with high milk fat percentage, had higher frequencies than those of the other genotypes. In conclusion, we might suggest that the allele distribution of the ABCG2 gene Y581S polymorphism can be the evidence indicating autosomal gene flow from zebu cattle to SAR and EAR cattle breeds

Effect of Aloe vera leaf pulp extract on Ehrlich ascites tumours in mice

Among the various known therapeutic effects of Aloe vera (L.) Burm. fil., a few recent studies have shown that preparations of the plant leaves can prevent or regress the growth of certain tumours. In this study, undertaken with A. vera leaf pulp extract against Ehrlich ascites tumours in mice, the animals were separated into five groups: I - healthy control, If - tumour control, III - experiment 1 (extract given before tumour inoculation), IV - experiment 2 (extract given with tumour inoculation) and V - experiment 3 (extract given after tumour inoculation). Ehrlich ascites tumours (0.33 ml) were injected subcutaneously into groups II-V. Aloe extract was injected at 55 mg protein/kg, twice a week for 21 days. Tumour size, thymus and spleen weights were measured, as well as leucocyte count, tumour necrosis factor-a and sialic acid as tumour markers. The best inhibitory effect on tumour growth was obtained with the extract given prophylactically before tumour implantation (experiment 1), although Aloe extract also regressed tumour sizes when given simultaneously with (experiment 2), or therapeutically after (experiment 3), tumour implantation. Accordingly, serum sialic acid and tumour necrosis factor-alpha levels, chosen as tumour markers, which were raised in the tumour control group, were significantly decreased by the prophylactic administration of the extract. The increase in leucocyte count seen in experiment 1 and 2 groups, along with lymphoid hyperplasia observed in spleen and thymus necroscopy, lead us to think that the tumour preventive effect of Aloe could be due to its immunomodulatory activity. According to our results, A. vera could be proposed as a prophylactic for cancer prevention

Tumour preventive effect of Aloe vera leaf pulp lectin (Aloctin I) on Ehrlich ascites tumours in mice

In this study, the prophylactic effect of the main lectin present in Aloe vera leaf pulp extract (Aloctin 1) was assayed against Ehrlich ascites tumours in mice. The lectin administered prophylactically before tumour implantation regressed tumour size, however, this activity was less potent than that of the A. vera leaf pulp extract previously shown in our laboratory. Accordingly, serum sialic acid and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) levels, chosen as tumour markers, were decreased significantly by the prophylactic administration of the lectin. The increase in spleen and thymus weights in the group given only Aloctin 1, could be explained by the immunomodulatory and mitogenic effects of lectins. These findings, along with lymphoid hyperplasia observed in spleen and thymus, suggest that the tumour preventive effect of Aloctin I could be due to its immunomodulatory activity. Copyright (c) 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

Effects of isoxsuprine hydrochloride on electrocardiographic and trace element status in sheeps

Objective: To study the effect of isoxsuprine hydrochloride on the ischaemic electrocardiographic change and trace element status in sheep