Vascular Effects of Estrogen and Progestins and Risk of Coronary Artery Disease: Importance of Timing of Estrogen Treatment

The effects of estrogen and progestins on the vascular wall have drawn major medical attention, and significant controversy over various studies has been developed. Several experimental and observational studies have shown cardioprotective effects; however, prospective randomized trials showed an increase in cardiovascular events in postmenopausal women on estrogen/medroxyprogesterone acetate treatment. The most significant parameter for cardiovascular benefit of estrogen seems to be the interval since the onset of menopause. In the early postmenopausal years, estrogen has beneficial effects on the vascular wall by inhibition of atherosclerosis progression, whereas in the late postmenopause, adverse effects like upregulation of the plaque inflammatory processes and plaque instability may develop. The effects of progestins on the cardiovascular system are not as clear and may differ according to the choice of progestins that is used. The aim of this review is to summarize the effects of estrogen and progestins on the vascular wall and their clinical implications

EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTS OF HYSTERECTOMY ON OVARIAN RESERVE BY ANTIMULLERIAN HORMONE AND ULTRASONOGRAPHY

Objective: Our study aimed to determine the risk of premature ovarian failure of patients to whom hysterectomy was performed without oophorectomy

A CASE OF GASTROINTESTINAL STROMAL TUMOR PRESENTING AS A TUBOOVARIAN ABSCESS

A gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is a rare tumor of the gastrointestinal tract. Although stomach is the most frequent site of occurrence, GISTs can arise from anywhere in the gastrointestinal tract. The most common symptoms are vague and nonspecific abdominal pain or discomfort. We would like to present a GIST case with the complaint of acute abdominal pain and fever due to an accompanying complex adnexial mass. A 47-year-old female patient with sudden onset abdominal pain and fever applied at our clinic. A 8 cm diameter sized, complex, solid mass on the ultrasonografic examination was found. Her temperature was 38.6 degrees C and on her laboratory examination, leukocyte and CRP values were 27.400 and 254, respectively After an initial diagnosis of tuboovarian abscess, the patient was internalized. Abdominal CT revealed a solid lesion originating from small bowel resulting in signs of sepsis due to a closed perforation. Resection of the mass was performed and the postop pathology report was GIST. Patient had adjuvant imatinib therapy Although GIST's are mostly seen in stomach with vague symptoms, large sized GIST's which occur in the lower abdomen can be complicated and present as having a tuboovarian abscess clinic

Differentiation of benign and malignant adnexal masses: value of a morphologic scoring system

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the value of conventional gray-scale ultrasonography, based on a morphologic scoring system, in the differential diagnosis of malignant and benign adnexal tumors

Evaluation of Histopathological Changes in Control Biopsies Which Taken 48 Sessions after NBUVB Phototherapy for Early-Stage Mycosis Fungoides

Background. There are not many studies investigating histomorphological changes in 48 sessions in patients with early-stage MF after narrowband UVB (NBUVB) treatment. Our purpose is to evaluate histological features of phototherapy after 48 sessions and determine which parameters are more reliable for controlling skin biopsies. Methods. Biopsies of 32 patients with early stage of MF, who were treated with NBUVB phototherapy, were histologically evaluated before and after the treatments, including epidermotropism, stratum corneum, epidermal thickness, dermal infiltration, papillary dermal fibrosis, vascular alterations, and other dermal changes. We discuss the histomorphological effects of NBUVB phototherapy on skin biopsies by comparing the responders with nonresponders, with before and after the treatment. Results. 9 patients (28%) did not give any response to treatment. Alleviation in epidermotropism, increases in parakeratosis and normal keratosis, perivascular infiltration, and melanophages, decrease in the lichenoid/patchy lichenoid infiltration pattern after the treatment was statistically significant. Comparing by response, normalization of stratum corneum and epidermis, orthohyperkeratosis, decrease in linearly arranged cells, the lichenoid/patchy lichenoid infiltration, the loss of inflammation were statistically significant in responders group. Conclusion. We detected a significant decrease in linearly arranged cells after phototherapy, indicating that it is an “important diagnostic parameter" in evaluation of therapeutic response