The Current Management at Diagnosis and Treatment of Allergic Rhinitis

Allergic rhinitis is a common disease with a remarkable social impact. The semptoms of allerjic rhinitis include itching, nasal discharge and sneezing. Similar to lethargy, fatigue, somnolence, decreased cognition, difficulty in concentration and decreased sleep and appetite is commonly seen besides physical symptoms. The treatment of allergic rhinitis consists of allergen avoidance, pharmacotherapy and immunotherapy. [Archives Medical Review Journal 2009; 18(3.000): 156-170

Kimura disease of the parotid and retroauricular region - A case report

WOS: 000243509900019PubMed ID: 17224532

Nasal Glioma: Case report

Nasal gliomas are rare, benign, congenital tumors that are thought to be result of abnormality in embryonic development. Three types of clinical presentations have been recognized; extranasal, intranasal and combined. Clinically, these masses are non-pulsatile, gray or purple lesions that obstruct the nasal cavity and cause deformity extranasaly. Histologically, they are made up of astrocytic cells, fibrous and vascular connective tissue that is covered with nasal respiratory mucosa. Treatment of the nasal glioma requires a multidisciplinary approach including an radiologist, neurosurgeon and otorhinolaryngologist. Radiological investigation should be performed to describe intracranial extension. In this case, a 2 years old boy with nasal mass that was diagnosed as nasal glioma is reported. . [Cukurova Med J 2011; 36(1): 34-36

Carbon Dioxide Laser Endoscopic Posterior Cordotomy Technique for Bilateral Abductor Vocal Cord Paralysis A 15-Year Experience

WOS: 000320855300012PubMed ID: 23519722Importance: Treatment of bilateral vocal cord paralysis is a considerable challenge for otolaryngologists. Many surgical techniques have been developed for the management of this entity to eliminate the need for tracheotomy. Objective: To evaluate the success of the unilateral carbon dioxide laser endoscopic posterior cordotomy technique for bilateral abductor vocal cord paralysis. Design: A retrospective study. Setting: A university department of otolaryngology-head and neck surgery. Participants: Sixty-six patients (58 women and 8 men) diagnosed as having bilateral abductor vocal cord paralysis. Intervention: Endoscopic posterior cordotomy with the carbon dioxide laser. Main Outcome Measures: Decannulation and postoperative voice quality and exercise tolerance. Results: The most common etiologic factor was recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis after thyroidectomy, observed in 61 patients (92%); an unknown cause was observed in 5 (8%). Unilateral cordotomy sufficed in 58 patients (88%). We performed revision procedures for vocal cord granuloma in 4 patients (6%). Bilateral cordotomy was required for 4 patients (6%) with an insufficient airway. Postoperative tracheotomy was needed for only 4 patients owing to the edema in the operation site. These patients underwent decannulation within a mean period of 7 days. No patient had poor postoperative exercise tolerance. We found no statistically significant difference between the preoperative and postoperative voice quality using the 10-item Turkish version of the Voice Handicap Index. Conclusions and Relevance: Carbon dioxide laser endoscopic posterior cordotomy is a safe, minimally invasive, effective technique with a short operation time. A bilateral approach or a revision procedure is rarely required. Bilateral cordotomy should be reserved for patients with insufficient airway passage with unilateral cordotomy

Hepatoblastoma Experience in Terms of Surgery

WOS: 000488458006166

Solitary Cystic Metastasis Of Thyroid Papillary Carcinoma: Two Cases Reports

The appearance of a solitary lateral cervical cystic mass as the only initial presenting symptom of occult thyroid carcinoma is uncommon. Its presence is often related with the more frequently branchial cyst in young adults, but also rarely related with thyroid carcinomas. In most of these cases all such lesions may initially be considered as metastatic foci from a primary thyroid lesion. However, an alternative explanation by means of which ectopic thyroid tissue is associated with a branchial cyst has to be considered, especially if no primary tumour is observed in the histological examination of the thyroid gland. We present two case of solitary cystic lymph node metastasis of occult papillary carcinoma of the thyroid. [Cukurova Med J 2011; 36(1.000): 29-33

The Effectiveness of Botulinum Toxin Type A Injections in the Management of Sialorrhea

WOS: 000443089700011PubMed ID: 30197810Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Botulinum toxin type A by injecting in the submandibular and parotid glands on the frequency and severity of sialorrhea. Methods: Pediatric patients who were referred to our department with sialorrhea were evaluated using their parents' frequency and severity scores of sialorrhea with visual analog scales before and after 3 months of botulinum toxin type A injections. Bilateral submandibular and parotid glands were injected with Botulinum toxin type A. Results: Twenty-seven pediatric patients who were referred to our department with a complaint of sialorrhea were included in this study. Seventeen patients were female and 10 were male. Severe sialorrhea with cerebral palsy was present in all the patients. There were no complications after the procedure. Conclusion: Botulinum toxin A injected in the major salivary glands in pediatric patients with neurological disorders is a safe and effective method

PNS Limits for Human Head-Size MPI Systems: Preliminary Results

Magnetic Particle Imaging (MPI) utilizes kHz-range sinusoidal drive fields to excite the magnetic nanoparticles. These time-varying magnetic fields form electric fields within the human body, which in turn can induce peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS), also known as magnetostimulation. In this work, we report the preliminary results of human subject experiments for human head-size MPI systems. These experiments were performed on a solenoidal head coil that achieved an order of magnitude reduction in the voltages needed to generate the targeted magnetic fields

Features of unilateral hearing loss detected by newborn hearing screening programme in different regions of Turkey

WOS: 000317998800002PubMed: 23099038Objective: Newborn hearing screening (NHS) works well for babies with bilateral hearing loss. However, for those with unilateral loss, it has yet to be established some standard rules like age of diagnose, risk factors, hearing loss degree. The aim of this study is to identify the demographic characteristics of newborns with unilateral hearing loss to obtain evidence based data in order to see what to be done for children with unilateral hearing loss (UHL). Method: Newborn hearing screening data of 123 babies with unilateral hearing loss, 71 (57.7%) male and 52 (42.3%) female, were investigated retrospectively. Data provided from the archives of six referral tertiary audiology centers from four regions in Turkey. Data, including type of hearing loss; age of diagnosis; prenatal, natal and postnatal risk factors; familial HL and parental consanguinity was analyzed in all regions and each of the Regions 1-4 separately. Result: The difference between data obtained in terms of gender and type of hearing loss was detected as statistically significant (p 0.05). Diagnosis procedure was completed mostly at 3-6 months in Region 4; whereas, in other regions (Regions 1-3), completion of procedure was delayed until 6 months-1 year. Conclusion: This study indicates that the effect of postnatal risk factors, i.e. curable hyperbilirubinemia, congenital infection and intensive care is relatively high on unilateral hearing loss, precautions should be taken regarding their prevention, as well as physicians and other health personnel should be trained in terms of these risks. For early and timely diagnosis, families will be informed about hearing loss and NHS programme; will be supported, including financial support of diagnosis process. By dissemination of the NHS programme to the total of country by high participation rate, risk factors can be determined better and measures can be increased. Additionally, further studies are needed with more comprehensive standard broad data for more evidence based consensus. (c) 2012 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved

Automated Diabetic Retinopathy Detection Using Horizontal and Vertical Patch Division-Based Pre-Trained DenseNET with Digital Fundus Images

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common complication of diabetes that can lead to progressive vision loss. Regular surveillance with fundal photography, early diagnosis, and prompt intervention are paramount to reducing the incidence of DR-induced vision loss. However, manual interpretation of fundal photographs is subject to human error. In this study, a new method based on horizontal and vertical patch division was proposed for the automated classification of DR images on fundal photographs. The novel sides of this study are given as follows. We proposed a new non-fixed-size patch division model to obtain high classification results and collected a new fundus image dataset. Moreover, two datasets are used to test the model: a newly collected three-class (normal, non-proliferative DR, and proliferative DR) dataset comprising 2355 DR images and the established open-access five-class Asia Pacific Tele-Ophthalmology Society (APTOS) 2019 dataset comprising 3662 images. Two analysis scenarios, Case 1 and Case 2, with three (normal, non-proliferative DR, and proliferative DR) and five classes (normal, mild DR, moderate DR, severe DR, and proliferative DR), respectively, were derived from the APTOS 2019 dataset. These datasets and these cases have been used to demonstrate the general classification performance of our proposal. By applying transfer learning, the last fully connected and global average pooling layers of the DenseNet201 architecture were used to extract deep features from input DR images and each of the eight subdivided horizontal and vertical patches. The most discriminative features are then selected using neighborhood component analysis. These were fed as input to a standard shallow cubic support vector machine for classification. Our new DR dataset obtained 94.06% and 91.55% accuracy values for three-class classification with 80:20 hold-out validation and 10-fold cross-validation, respectively. As can be seen from steps of the proposed model, a new patch-based deep-feature engineering model has been proposed. The proposed deep-feature engineering model is a cognitive model, since it uses efficient methods in each phase. Similar excellent results were seen for three-class classification with the Case 1 dataset. In addition, the model attained 87.43% and 84.90% five-class classification accuracy rates using 80:20 hold-out validation and 10-fold cross-validation, respectively, on the Case 2 dataset, which outperformed prior DR classification studies based on the five-class APTOS 2019 dataset. Our model attained about >2% classification results compared to others. These findings demonstrate the accuracy and robustness of the proposed model for classification of DR images