Temporary Architecture*

In architecture, permanence is mainly associated with the endurance of material and durability of construction. Temporary architecture, on the contrary, has a predetermined and brief life span. Pavilion design provides a pragmatic infrastructure in order to discover the concept of the ‘temporality’ in architecture. Serpentine Gallery's Pavilions in Hyde Park, London will be inquired in this context. This paper will be investigating the definition and the boundaries of the term 'temporary' in architecture

Association between matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, MMP-9 and total antioxidant status of patients with asymptomatic hepatitis C virus infection

The aim of this study is to predict potential hepatocellular damage by determining total antioxidant status (TAS) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) 2 and 9 levels of different groups of dental surgery patients who are asymptomatic (normal alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase records). Patients were divided into five groups according to the anamnesis [to be diagnosed formerly as hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection or not], microbiological (positive-anti-HCV antibodies and HCV RNA-positive or negative) and biochemical test results. Except for the control group, serum anti-HCV antibody levels and line immunoassay tests were found positive in all groups. HCV RNAs were found positive only in group 3 whom were formerly diagnosed with HCV infection, not under medical treatment and in group 5 under medical treatment (<2 9 105 IU ml 1). Statistical analyses were performed using one-way multifactorial ANOVA (MANOVA) at the statistical significance level of 5% and were confirmed that the changes in biochemical markers had significant effects on subjects who had been in different groups. Following multiple comparisons, significant groups’ differences were obtained in all biochemical markers. In conclusion, to determine not only TAS levels but also the MMPs and evaluate those together may be noninvasive biomarkers for predicting the inflammation in liver and approaching the prognosis of HCV infection

Türkiye’deki tedavi görmemifl kronik hepatit b’li hastalarda lamivudin direnci

[No Abstract Available

Two cases with HSSDRESS syndrome developing after prosthetic joint surgery: does vancomycin-laden bone cement play a role in this syndrome?

We report two cases of hypersensitivity syndrome/drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (HSS/DRESS) syndrome following systemic and local (via antibiotic laden bone cement (ALBC)) exposures to vancomycin. Both cases developed symptoms 2-4 weeks after the initiation of treatment. They responded to systemic corticosteroid treatment and were cured completely. Various drug groups may cause HSS/DRESS syndrome, and vancomycin-related cases do not exceed 2-5% of the reported cases. Almost all of these cases developed the syndrome following systemic exposure to vancomycin. ALBC seems to be the safer antibiotic administration method, as systemic antibiotic levels did not reach a toxic threshold level. However, local administration may not always be sufficient for bone-related/joint-related infections; these infections may require systemic antibiotics as well. As HSS/DRESS syndrome can mimic infectious diseases, it must be considered during differential diagnosis before suspecting failure of treatment and initiation of a different antibiotic course. Copyright 2015 BMJ Publishing Group. All rights reserved

Wpływ dystrybucji tkanki tłuszczowej oraz wybranych adipokin na insulinooporność w stanie przedcukrzycowym

  Introduction: The risk of developing insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome is particularly high in central obesity. In this study we evaluated the effects of fat distribution and some adipokines on insulin resistance in prediabetic patients. Material and methods: Eighty-seven age- and sex-matched patients were divided into three groups according to their 75-gram oral glucose tolerance test results as follows: impaired fasting glucose group, impaired glucose tolerance group, and normal glucose tolerance group. Fasting insulin levels were measured. Homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance was calculated. Body fat mass measurements were assessed by bioelectric impedance analyser and abdominal fat thicknesses (subcutaneous, visceral, and preperitoneal) by ultrasonography. The fasting serum levels of several adipokines [adiponectin, leptin, resistin, vaspin, visfatin, retinol-binding protein-4 (RBP-4), tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha)] were measured by ELISA method. Results: The mean body mass index, fat mass measurements, and abdominal fat thicknesses of the groups were similar. There were no differences between groups in terms of the mean fasting insulin, vaspin, RBP-4, leptin, resistin, and TNF-alpha. In comparison of the prediabetic and normal groups, the levels of adiponectin (p &lt; 0.001) and visfatin (p &lt; 0.001) were lower in the prediabetic group. Furthermore, we found that high body mass index (p &lt; 0.01) and fat mass (p &lt; 0.01) and low adiponectin (p &lt; 0.05) levels have roles in the development of insulin resistance in the prediabetic group. Conclusions: We suggested that in the prediabetic period not only obesity but also decreased adiponectin levels play some role in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance. (Endokrynol Pol 2016; 67 (3): 277–282)    Wstęp: Ryzyko rozwoju insulinooporności i zespołu metabolicznego zwiększa się zwłaszcza u osób z otyłością centralną. W niniejszym badaniu oceniono wpływ dystrybucji tkanki tłuszczowej i wybranych adipokin na insulinooporność u osób ze stanem przedcukrzycowym. Materiał i metody: Osiemdziesięciu siedmiu chorych dobranych pod względem wieku I płci podzielono na 3 grupy w zależności od wyniku testu doustnego obciążenia 75 g glukozy: osoby z nieprawidłową glikemią na czczo, osoby z nieprawidłową tolerancją glukozy i osoby z prawidłową tolerancją glukozy. Zmierzono stężenie insulin na czczo. Do oszacowania insulinooporności zastosowano model homeostazy. Masę tkanki tłuszczowej oceniono za pomocą analizatora bioimpedancji elektrycznej, a grubość brzusznej tkanki tłuszczowej (podskórnej, trzewnej i przedotrzewnowej) zmierzono metodą ultrasonograficzną. Stężenie na czczo w surowicy kilku adipokin (adiponektyna, leptyna, rezystyna, waspina, wisfatyna, białko wiążące retinol-4 [RBP-4], czynnik martwicy nowotworów alfa [TNF-alfa]) zmierzono, stosując metodę ELISA. Wyniki: Średni wskaźnik masy ciała, masa tkanki tłuszczowej I grubość brzusznej tkanki tłuszczowej były podobne we wszystkich grupach. Nie stwierdzono różnic między grupami pod względem średniego stężenia insuliny na czczo ani stężeń waspiny, RBP-4, leptyny, rezystyny i TNF-alfa. W porównaniu grup ze stanem cukrzycowym i grupy z prawidłową tolerancją glukozy wykazano, że stężenia adiponektyny (p &lt; 0,001) i wisfatyny (p &lt; 0,001) były niższe u osób ze stanem przedcukrzycowym. Ponadto stwierdzono, że wysoki wskaźnik masy ciała (p &lt; 0,01) i duża masa tkanki tłuszczowej (p &lt; 0,01) oraz niskie stężenie adiponektyny (p &lt; 0,05) przyczyniają się do rozwoju insulinooporności u osób ze stanem przedcukrzycowym. Wnioski: Autorzy sugerują, że nie tylko otyłość, ale również obniżenie stężenia adiponektyny odgrywają pewną rolę w patogenezie insulinooporności w okresie przedcukrzycowym. (Endokrynol Pol 2016; 67 (3): 277–282)

Juvenil romatoid artritte risk faktörü olarak tümör nekrozis faktör-alfa gen polimorfizmi

TÜBİTAK SBAG AYD Proje15.04.2001Amaç: TNF-$\alpha$ geninin promotor bölgesindeki G-->A -238 ve G->A -308 polimorfızmlerinin, JRA'te hastalık tipi ve klinik seyri ile ilişkisini araştırmak. Metot: Durban sınıflandırmasına göre JEA tanısı konulan 51 Türk, 159 Çek JRA hastası çalışmaya alındı. Her iki etnik gruptan 100'er sağlıklı birey kontrol grubunu oluşturdu. Doktor değerlendirmesine göre hastalık aktivitesinde, şiş ve ağrılı eklem sayısında ve ESH'ında %50 ve üzerinde azalma iyi klinik yanıt olarak değerlendirildi. Periferik kandan izole edilen DNA örneklerinde TNF-$\alpha$ 238 G/A ve 308 G/A polimorfızmleri analiz edildi. Bulgular: İki etnik grup arasında bazı demografik farklılıklar saptandı. Türk grubunda G->A - 308 polimorfızmi ve kötü klinik seyir ilişikisi istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulundu (p:0.005). Ancak Çek grubunda böyle bir ilişki saptanamadı. Sonuç: TNF-$\alpha$ geninin promotor bölgesindeki G->A -308 polimorfızmi daha ciddi bir hastalık seyri ile ilişkili bulunduğundan bu polimorfızmin kötü prognozlu ve belki daha ağır tedavi gerektiren hastalrı tanımlayabileceği düşünülmüştür. Bu ilişkinin Çek grubunda gösterilmemiş olması söz konusu polimorfızmin sadece seçilmiş gruplarda hastalık seyrini etkilediğini düşündürebilir

Congenital contractural arachnodactyly (Beals syndrome)

Congenital contractural arachnodactyly (Beals syndrome) is an autosomal dominantly inherited connective tissue disorder characterized by multiple flexion contractures, arachnodactyly, severe kyphoscoliosis, abnormal pinnae and muscular hypoplasia. It is caused by a mutation in FBN2 gene on chromosome 5q23. Although the clinical features can be similar to Marfan syndrome (MFS), multiple joint contractures (especially elbow, knee and finger joints), and crumpled ears in the absence of significant aortic root dilatation are characteristic of Beals syndrome and rarely found in Marfan syndrome. The incidence of CCA is unknown and its prevalence is difficult to estimate considering the overlap in phenotype with MFS; the number of patients reported has increased following the identification of FBN2 mutation. Molecular prenatal diagnosis is possible. Ultrasound imaging may be used to demonstrate joint contractures and hypokinesia in suspected cases. Management of children with CCA is symptomatic. Spontaneous improvement in camptodactyly and contractures is observed but residual camptodactyly always remains. Early intervention for scoliosis can prevent morbidity later in life. Cardiac evaluation and ophthalmologic evaluations are recommended