The Effects of Tooth Extraction and Nonextraction on the Soft Tissue Profile in Patients With Class II Division 2 Malocclusion

Objective:To determine and compare change in the position and area of the upper and lower lips in patients with Class II division 2 malocclusion treated with and without tooth extraction.Materials and Method:This retrospective study included 40 female adolescent patients with Class II division 2 malocclusion who were divided into an extraction treatment group (group E, n=20) and a nonextraction treatment group (group NE, n=20). Pretreatment (T1) and posttreatment (T2) cephalometric variables, and upper-lower lip area (via digital planimeter) were measured on lateral cephalometric radiographs. For soft tissue profile area measurement the upper lip was divided into 2 parts (area 1 and 2), and the lower lip was divided into 3 parts (area 3, 4, and 5). The paired t test was used to determine intragroup differences, and the Student t test was used to determine intergroup differences.Results:Mean age in group E was 15.8 years vs 15.4 years in group NE. A wide range of individual responses to the treatment protocols were observed, and none of the skeletal or soft tissue changes differed significantly between the groups.Conclusion:Despite great variability in posttreatment soft tissue changes—including area measurements—the mean values for all measurements were similar in group E and group NE. Nonetheless, due to the observed variation in soft tissue response, we think that treatment planning should be carefully tailored to the needs of each patient

Evaluation of patients with fibrotic interstitial lung disease: Preliminary results from the Turk-UIP study

OBJECTIVE: Differential diagnosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is important among fibrotic interstitial lung diseases (ILD). This study aimed to evaluate the rate of IPF in patients with fibrotic ILD and to determine the clinical-laboratory features of patients with and without IPF that would provide the differential diagnosis of IPF. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included the patients with the usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) pattern or possible UIP pattern on thorax high-resolution computed tomography, and/or UIP pattern, probable UIP or possible UIP pattern at lung biopsy according to the 2011 ATS/ERSARS/ALAT guidelines. Demographics and clinical and radiological data of the patients were recorded. All data recorded by researchers was evaluated by radiology and the clinical decision board. RESULTS: A total of 336 patients (253 men, 83 women, age 65.8 +/- 9.0 years) were evaluated. Of the patients with sufficient data for diag-nosis (n=300), the diagnosis was IPF in 121 (40.3%), unclassified idiopathic interstitial pneumonia in 50 (16.7%), combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema (CPFE) in 40 (13.3%), and lung involvement of connective tissue disease (CTD) in 16 (5.3%). When 29 patients with definite IPF features were added to the patients with CPFE, the total number of IPF patients reached 150 (50%). Rate of male sex (p<0.001), smoking history (p<0.001), and the presence of clubbing (p=0.001) were significantly high in patients with IPE None of the women <50 years and none of the men <50 years of age without a smoking history were diagnosed with IPE Presence of at least 1 of the symptoms suggestive of CTD, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and antinuclear antibody (FANA) positivity rates were significantly higher in the non-IPF group (p<0.001, p=0.029, p=0.009, respectively). CONCLUSION: The rate of IPF among patients with fibrotic ILD was 50%. In the differential diagnosis of IPF, sex, smoking habits, and the presence of clubbing are important. The presence of symptoms related to CTD, ESR elevation, and EANA positivity reduce the likelihood of IPF

Pamuk yağı metil esterinde farklı yıkama yöntemlerinin biyodizel kalitesine etkisi üzerine bir çalışma

Yağ asitlerinin alkil esterleri olarak tanımlanan biyodizel, dizel yakıta eşdeğer motor performansı ve egzoz emisyon değerlerinin çok düşük olması gibi özelliklerinden dolayı alternatif bir yakıt olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Ege Bölgesi'nde yaygın olarak yetiştirilen pamuk tohumdan üretilen yağın bazik katalizli ester değişimi reaksiyonunda, reaksiyon şartlarını sabit tutarak pamuk yağı metil esteri için uygun reaksiyon koşullarında en uygun yıkama yönteminin belirlenmesidir. Bu amaçla biyodizel üretimi için önemli olan reaksiyon süresi, sıcaklık, katalizör ve metanol miktarı gibi parametreler öneriler doğrultusunda sabit tutularak pamuk yağının ester değişim reaksiyonu yürütülmüştür. 300 g nötr pamuk yağı için; 60 g metanol ve 1,27 g NaOH kullanılarak 60°C sıcaklıkta reaksiyon gerçekleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen pamuk yağı metil esterinde reaksiyon sırasında oluşan safsızlıkları gidermek amacıyla biyodizel üretiminde yaygın olarak kullanılan su ile yıkamanın yanı sıra magnesol ve zeolit adsorbanlarıyla kuru yıkamada uygulanmıştır. Bu çalışmada aşırı su tüketimi, enerji kaybı ve su kirliliğine neden olmasına rağmen klasik su ile yıkama yöntemine alternatif olarak safsızlıkların gideriminde uygun adsorban seçimi amaçlanmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular ışığında magnesol ile saflaştırmanın; biyodizel kalitesini garanti eden, su tüketimini azaltan, saflaştırma işlemini hızlandıran, enerji ihtiyacını azaltan ve yakıt olarak kullanılabilecek ürün miktarını arttıran bir yöntem olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Yıkama işleminden sonra elde edilen pamuk yağı metil ester numunelerinin ester, linolenik, mono- , di-, trigliserit, serbest ve toplam gliserin miktarları ile viskozite, yoğunluk ve alevlenme noktası analizleri yapılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar, optimum koşullarda üretilen ve magnesol ile saflaştırılan biyodizelin TS EN 14214 standardına uygun, dizel yakıt yerine kullanılabilecek kadar iyi özelliklerde olduğunu göstermiştir

Visual Hallucination, Visual Evoked Potentials and Cognitive Dysfunction in Idiopathic Parkinson’s Disease

OBJECTIVE: In this study, we aimed to investigate the relation between possible visual evoked potentials (VEP) pathologies and visual hallucinations (VH) seen in idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (IPD) and the role of cognitive dysfunctions in VHs, moving through visual processing defect considered to be related to VHs could be demonstrated with VEP to some extent. METHODS: Two groups followed in the Movement Disorders outpatient clinic of Haseki Training and Research Hospital were included in our study. Group 1 included 14 IPD patients with VH and a mean age of 65.31 ± 7.49 years, while Group 2 (as control group) included 12 IPD patients without VH and a mean age of 68.17 ± 7.46 years. RESULTS: : While dosage of levodopa was found to be significantly higher in the group with VH (p= 0.048), it was observed that Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) cognitive scores were also significantly greater in this group (p< 0.001). No difference was observed between the two groups regarding the rate of pathological VEP latency (p= 0.64). In our study, Stroop Color-Word Test, among other executive functioning tests, was statistically significantly worse for duration/error in the group with VH (p= 0.016/0.003). CONCLUSION: In Group 1, VEP results may have been worse due to the higher dosage of levodopa and higher UPDRS cognitive scores. VEP studies before and after dopaminergic therapy may be useful to understand the contribution of VEP investigations on the etiopathogenesis of VHs in IPD

Association ofNFKB1A and MicroRNAs Variations and the susceptibility to Atherosclerosis

ds

Morphological and mechanical characterization of chitosan/gelatin/silica-gentamicin/bioactive glass coatings on orthopaedic metallic implant materials

Metals are the most widely used materials for orthopedics and dentistry due to their high mechanical properties. However, for certain uses like fixation plates and screws, dental implants, and osseo-articular prosthesis, their surface characteristics such as non-toxic and non-corrosive behavior, good cell adhesion and proliferation, and resistance to bacterial biofilm formation should be accompanied with high mechanical performance. One way to improve metallic implant performance in vivo is to coat them with biopolymer or inorganic thin films. This work describes two multifunctional coating systems for orthopedic titanium and stainless steel implants. Titanium implants were coated with a system consisting of a base hybrid sol-gel layer with bioactive glass particles (applied via spraying) and a top chitosan/gelatin layer with silica-gentamicin nanoparticles (applied via electrophoretic deposition, EPD). Stainless steel implants, which are designed to be removable, were coated only with the top chitosan/gelatin/ silica-gentamicin nanoparticles layer with the aim of providing a temporal attachment to bone and to combat possible bacterial adhesion. The microstructural and mechanical characterization of the coatings was conducted by optical microscopy, transmission and scanning electron microscopy, digital image processing, as well as nanoindentation and nanoscratch tests to advance the understanding of their elastic-plastic, morphologic and adhesive behavior. The coatings were homogeneous, providing good coverage to both substrates. Their surface properties, such as roughness and wettability, indicate that they represent excellent substrates for cell attachment. Bioactive glass particles can be added to titanium implant systems as bioactive components without affecting adhesion or mechanical performance of the chitosan/gelatin/silica-gentamicin nanoparticle EPD coatings. The increase in both hardness and elastic modulus of the coated systems could be due to the presence of the silica-gentamicin nanoparticles and their compaction during the penetration of the indenter. When the samples are subjected to scratch tests, the critical load increases with the reinforcement of the coatings by the silica-gentamicin nanoparticles absorbing the applied load and maintaining the elastic properties of the coatings.Fil: Aydemir, Tuba. Universitat Erlangen-Nuremberg; AlemaniaFil: Pastore, Juan Ignacio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas en Electrónica. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ingeniería. Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas en Electrónica; ArgentinaFil: Jimenez Pique, Emilio. Universidad Politécnica de Catalunya; EspañaFil: Roa, Joan Josep. Universidad Politécnica de Catalunya; EspañaFil: Boccaccini, Aldo R.. Universitat Erlangen-Nuremberg; AlemaniaFil: Ballarre, Josefina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ingeniería. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales; Argentina. Universitat Erlangen-Nuremberg; Alemani

Functional behavior of chitosan/gelatin/silica-gentamicin coatings by electrophoretic deposition on surgical grade stainless steel

Metals are used in several orthopedic applications as fixation elements for the stabilization of fractures or as prostheses. One of the most common orthopedic biomaterials in many developing countries is surgical grade stainless steel (SS). However, its use as permanent implant in orthopedic surgery is conditioned due to its limited corrosion resistance in physiological media, lack of osseointegration, and absence of antibacterial effect. The aim of this work is to generate a degradable coating with antibacterial properties for stainless steel to be used in implants/medical devices. The coating is composed of a biopolymer/silica-gentamicin nanoparticles composite obtained by electrophoretic deposition (EPD) on surgical grade stainless steel plates. The coating surface was characterized by microscopic examination, and in vitro performance was evaluated after immersion in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) solution, simulated body fluid (SBF), and cell culture medium, to analyze coating degradation, antibiotics release, cell attachment (ST-2 stromal cells), and antibacterial (Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus) properties. EPD coatings were uniform and covered homogeneously the surface of the SS substrate. Also the distribution of silica-gentamicin nanoparticles was homogeneous on the coated area. The degradation of the chitosan-gelatin coatings was evident after 7 days of immersion. The gentamicin release led to excellent antibacterial behavior at 24 h, meanwhile the cell proliferation (at 7 days culture) was not inhibited. The results show that the coating system exhibits promising behavior which could contribute to prevent hospital infections at early implantation times.Fil: Aydemir, Tuba. University of Erlangen-Nuremberg; AlemaniaFil: Liverani, Liliana. University of Erlangen-Nuremberg; AlemaniaFil: Pastore, Juan Ignacio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas en Electrónica. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ingeniería. Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas en Electrónica; ArgentinaFil: Ceré, Silvia M.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ingeniería. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales; ArgentinaFil: Goldmann, Wolfgang H.. University of Erlangen-Nuremberg; AlemaniaFil: Boccaccini, Aldo Roberto. University of Erlangen-Nuremberg; AlemaniaFil: Ballarre, Josefina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ingeniería. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales; Argentina. University of Erlangen-Nuremberg; Alemani