染色体不安定型腺管形成性胃癌のマルチサンプリングによるDNAコピー数プロファイル解析で明らかになった、生長の速い系譜と遅い系譜

Pathobiology. 2019;86(2-3):118-127.滋賀医科大学平成30年

Two-State Migration of DNA in a structured Microchannel

DNA migration in topologically structured microchannels with periodic cavities is investigated experimentally and with Brownian dynamics simulations of a simple bead-spring model. The results are in very good agreement with one another. In particular, the experimentally observed migration order of Lambda- and T2-DNA molecules is reproduced by the simulations. The simulation data indicate that the mobility may depend on the chain length in a nonmonotonic way at high electric fields. This is found to be the signature of a nonequilibrium phase transition between two different migration states, a slow one and a fast one, which can also be observed experimentally under appropriate conditions.Comment: Revised edition corresponding to the comments by the referees, submitted to Physical Review

Double-Side Electromagnetic Band Gap Structure for Improving Dual-Band MIMO Antenna Performance

A double-side EBG structure with equivalent circuit model is proposed in this paper. Making H shape on surface and H with bridge shape on ground, the novel EBG that is built on FR4 substrate with height of 1.6mm, gets compact size of 8.6x8.6 mm2 at 2.6 GHz resonant frequency. Using 1x7 EBG structures for dual-band MIMO system, several performance parameters of antenna are improved. Firstly, the mutual coupling between antenna elements gets -40dB in the lower band and -30dB in the higher one with narrow distance of 0.11l from feeding point to feeding point. Then, at 2.6GHz, the antenna gain is increased significant by 160% as well as radiation efficiency of antenna is better. This improvement is unable to get in previous EBG studie

A THEORETICAL STUDY ON CHEMICAL BONDING AND INFRARED SPECTRA OF SinM (M = Sc, Y; n = 1-10) CLUSTERS

In this paper, we applied the B3P86 method and DGDZVP basis set to investigate electronic properties and infrared (IR) spectra for SinM (M = Sc, Y; n = 1-10) clusters. The NBO analyses show that electron transfers from the dopant atoms to silicon frame of the SinM clusters. It is remarkable that the Si-M bond is mainly formed by the overlaps of the 3s-AOs and 3p-AOs of Si atoms, and 3d-AOs and 4s-AOs of Sc (or 4d-AOs and AO-5s of Y). The chemical bonds in the SiM and Si2M clusters are dominated by the covalent character including sigma and pi bonds. In addition, the analysis of the IR spectra suggests that the vibrational modes of SinM clusters are delocalized over the whole cluster. Moreover, the high-frequency and strong-intensity modes usually involve the vibrations of the dopant atoms. The results of this work provide fundamental information for experimental studies on transition-metal doped silicon clusters

Evaluation of Biomaterials for Bladder Augmentation using Cystometric Analyses in Various Rodent Models

Renal function and continence of urine are critically dependent on the proper function of the urinary bladder, which stores urine at low pressure and expels it with a precisely orchestrated contraction. A number of congenital and acquired urological anomalies including posterior urethral valves, benign prostatic hyperplasia, and neurogenic bladder secondary to spina bifida/spinal cord injury can result in pathologic tissue remodeling leading to impaired compliance and reduced capacity. Functional or anatomical obstruction of the urinary tract is frequently associated with these conditions, and can lead to urinary incontinence and kidney damage from increased storage and voiding pressures. Surgical implantation of gastrointestinal segments to expand organ capacity and reduce intravesical pressures represents the primary surgical treatment option for these disorders when medical management fails. However, this approach is hampered by the limitation of available donor tissue, and is associated with significant complications including chronic urinary tract infection, metabolic perturbation, urinary stone formation, and secondary malignancy. Current research in bladder tissue engineering is heavily focused on identifying biomaterial configurations which can support regeneration of tissues at defect sites. Conventional 3-D scaffolds derived from natural and synthetic polymers such as small intestinal submucosa and poly-glycolic acid have shown some short-term success in supporting urothelial and smooth muscle regeneration as well as facilitating increased organ storage capacity in both animal models and in the clinic. However, deficiencies in scaffold mechanical integrity and biocompatibility often result in deleterious fibrosis, graft contracture, and calcification, thus increasing the risk of implant failure and need for secondary surgical procedures. In addition, restoration of normal voiding characteristics utilizing standard biomaterial constructs for augmentation cystoplasty has yet to be achieved, and therefore research and development of novel matrices which can fulfill this role is needed. In order to successfully develop and evaluate optimal biomaterials for clinical bladder augmentation, efficacy research must first be performed in standardized animal models using detailed surgical methods and functional outcome assessments. We have previously reported the use of a bladder augmentation model in mice to determine the potential of silk fibroin-based scaffolds to mediate tissue regeneration and functional voiding characteristics. Cystometric analyses of this model have shown that variations in structural and mechanical implant properties can influence the resulting urodynamic features of the tissue engineered bladders. Positive correlations between the degree of matrix-mediated tissue regeneration determined histologically and functional compliance and capacity evaluated by cystometry were demonstrated in this model. These results therefore suggest that functional evaluations of biomaterial configurations in rodent bladder augmentation systems may be a useful format for assessing scaffold properties and establishing in vivo feasibility prior to large animal studies and clinical deployment. In the current study, we will present various surgical stages of bladder augmentation in both mice and rats using silk scaffolds and demonstrate techniques for awake and anesthetized cystometry

Seed Health and Quality of Rice Seeds Produced by Farmer and Growing in Cho Moi District, An Giang Province, Vietnam

This study was conducted at Laboratory in An Giang University; the varieties examined were collected from farmer households in 2018 – they were varieties that the farmer stored for the next crop (Winter-Spring) from Autumn-Winter crop in Cho Moi district, An Giang Province, Vietnam. The research evaluated the quality of seed rice, which is provided and planted by the farmer. As a result, this study showed that almost all of the varieties of seed rice from farmer households indicated the ratio of filled-grain, the germination, and the determination of seedling healthy, which are lower than certified variation. Besides, the samples of seed rice from farmer household have more infected fungal; especially the samples with higher in a filled-grain ratio is less infected by fungi, there were 12 types of seed borne-fungi in rice varieties from the farmer (in Cho Moi district), included: Alternaria padwickii, Rhizoctonia solani, Aspergillus oryzae, Bipolaris oryzae, Cercospora janseana, Curvularia lunata, Fusarium moniliforme, Pyricularia oryzae, Sarocladium oryzae, Tilletia barclayana, Fusarium graminearum, and Ustilaginoidea viren

How to produce a diagnostic opinion at a distance? New forms of tele-expertise use in France and their transformational effects on healthcare practices in dermatology

How to produce a diagnostic opinion at a distance, without seeing and examining patients? This is the challenge of tele-expertise (TLX), defined first in legal terms, as one of the five telemedicine acts in France. It consists of a particular form of healthcare practice in which a physician, known as the “requester”, solicits remotely the opinion of another practitioner, a specialist known as the “requested”, by sharing with him/her clinical information and photographs that he/she produces for this purpose, based on the medical examination of the patient. This practice is certainly not new; it is inherent to any medical activity where it develops outside of any legislative and regulatory framework, between practitioners who already know each other more or less well. So the novelty of the recent forms of TLX as a legally recognized medical act in its own right, relies mainly on the development of secure file exchange platforms within territorialized care networks, the systematization of these practices beyond the networks of acquaintances and their coverage by the health insurance. The purpose of this article is to describe the various usages of this new form of TLX, as well as to understand how they contribute to the in-depth transformation of care practices and organizations. It suggests doing so in the specific case of dermatology, through a qualitative study based on semi-directive interviews approximately with fifty French dermatologists, mainly requested experts, practicing TLX both in the context of private practice and in a hospital setting. The results of this empirical study are presented in three parts. First, we will consider the specificity of dermatological practice and describe the particular ways in which TLX is being implemented in this field, as a new framework. Then, we will report on the multiples efforts and skills needed to produce a diagnostic opinion remotely. We will lastly present various uses that dermatologists develop of TLX in different socio-organizational configurations. We will finally discuss how these uses transform the usual practices of dermatologists, not only by creating a new type of activity, but also by allowing them to participate differently in the organization of care pathways

Free vibration analysis of functionally graded shell panels with various geometric shapes in thermal environment

This paper presents free vibration analysis of functionally graded materials (FGMs) shell panels with various geometric shapes in thermal environments. The shell panels are made from a mixture of metal and ceramic. Material properties are assumed to be temperature-dependent and graded in the thickness direction according to a power law function. A formulation of eight-nodded middle surface shell elements based on Reissner-Mindlin assumptions is developed for modeling FGM shell panels under the effect of temperature, which changes nonlinearly across the thickness. Numerical results obtained by the proposed model are in good agreement with those available in the literature. The effects of geometric properties, material composition, boundary conditions and temperature on the natural frequencies are investigated