Plant Genetic Control over Infection Thread Development during Legume-Rhizobium Symbiosis

Legumes possess by unique possibility to interact with soil proteobacteria, known as rhizobia, forming on the roots the special organs called symbiotic nodules, where nitrogen fixation takes place. To form the nodule, rhizobia should penetrate inside root tissue, where they colonize a nodule primordium, formed from the reactivated root cells. One of the ways of root infection by rhizobia occurs via formation of a transcellular tubular structure, termed infection thread (IT), which grows through the cytoplasm by apical deposition of primary cell wall material. Numerous mutants impaired in the infection thread development were obtained in different legumes. Genetic analysis has revealed that mutants belong to different complementation groups; this means the existence of precise genetic control over infection thread development. Moreover, it was suggested that infection and nodule organogenesis are regulated with independent but coordinated genetic programs. Using the model legumes, a set of plant genes, controlling infection thread development was identified. These genes encode transcriptional factors, LysM receptor kinases, E3 ubiquitin ligases, SCAR/WAVE actin regulatory complex, nitrate transporter, remorins, flotillins, proteins involved in membrane biogenesis and traffic, and some other components. In this review, we briefly summarized our current knowledge about genetic control over developmental processes associated with infection thread

Off-the-beaten-path Solutions for Decomposition-based Zero-forcing Precoding in xDSL Multi-user Downlinks

However broad the Decomposition-based Zero-forcing (DBZF) precoder acceptance may be, reducing the computational complexity of its implementation is an absolute necessity for the VDSL networking professionals. The paper digs deeper into this problem from the perspective of matrix inversion which is inherent in the very nature of the DBZF. Five strategies considered here differ in mode of action: three of them include matrix inversion, and two others drop implementing the procedure. While the baseline strategy itemized under No. 1 acts with the Gaussian LU-decomposition, strategy No. 2 deals with the Jordanian LU-decomposition thereby enabling mild reduction of the operation count. Strategy No. 3 works for more significant reduction as it operates with the elimination form of the inverse matrix. The most cost-cutting are strategies excluding the question of matrix inversion and replacing it by far more straightforward linear system solution, as it is in Strategy No. 4. An alternative strategy No. 5 uses the least squares-based square-root-type sequential system solution and it is the most accurate computational procedure when compared with other strategies

Image of the Samara Volga region in the second half of the XIX – early XX century (based on the guidebooks and travel notes)

The article examines the problem of the image of Samara and the Samara region in the second half of the XIX early XX century, the face of Samara of that era, the brands of the city and the province. The author shows aspects of the sides of the image of the Samara Volga region, which were reflected and broadcast to the Russian reading public on the pages of guidebooks and essays of those times, but have not yet been covered by historians and local historians. Disclosure of these issues will allow us to judge what images of the past of the Samara Volga region existed in the Russian public consciousness of the post-reform period, what new brands of the region appeared by the beginning of the XX century. In the course of the study, the author revealed that, firstly, the images of the past region are associated mainly with the Volga freemen and the names of the famous Cossack atamans; secondly, a significant part of the brands of the Samara Volga region appeared already in the second half of the XIX early XX century: kumis therapy, large grain piers, etc. In this regard, the second suggests that the Samara Volga region in the post-reform era was only gaining its place on the mental map of Russian society

«Гротовские чтения» как научный ресурс Самарской ОУНБ

The author reviews the All-Russia Scientific Conference “The Seventh Grot Readings” held at Samara Regional Universal Scientific Library on November 17–18, 2022. Researchers of Ac. S. P. Korolev Samara National Research University acted as co-organizers and enthusiastic participants of the conference. The author discusses in brief the history of the Grot Readings and reviews the key topics. Since the first conference in 2008, it has become the significant event for Samara Region. It is to promote historical, local, philological, library and bibliographical studies and to maintain scientific communication within the country. In 2022, researchers and specialists from 22 Russian regions attended the conference. Three Sections of the Seventh Grot Readings are discussed, namely: History of Russia in 19-th–21-st centuries, History and Contemporaneity in Literature, and Book Culture, along with the key topics of the papers presented at each of the sections. The author analyzes the development of Grot Readings as a scientific research site and its potential for Samara Regional Universal Scientific Library and Samara Region, on the whole.В статье дан обзор работы всероссийской научной конференции «Седьмые Гротовские чтения», которая состоялась в Самарской областной универсальной научной библиотеке (ОУНБ) 17–18 ноября 2022 г. Соорганизаторами и активными участниками конференции стали учёные Самарского национального исследовательского университета им. академика С. П. Королёва. В обзоре приведена краткая история «Гротовских чтений», охарактеризованы основные темы, которые рассматриваются участниками. С момента проведения первой конференции (2008) «Гротовские чтения» стали важным научным событием в жизни Самарской области. Конференция способствует продвижению исторических, краеведческих, филологических, библиотековедческих и библиографических исследований, формированию научных контактов исследователей со всей страны. В 2022 г. в «Гротовских чтениях» приняли участие учёные и специалисты из 22-х регионов России. В обзоре представлена характеристика каждой из трёх секций «Седьмых Гротовских чтений»: «История России XIX–XXI вв.», «История и современность в литературе», «Книжная культура», а также освещены темы докладов, прозвучавших на каждой секции. Анализируются развитие «Гротовских чтений» как научно-исследовательской площадки и их потенциал как для Самарской ОУНБ, так и для Самарской области

OLEG SOKOLOV AND ANASTASIA ESHENKO: AMBIVALENT DISCURSIVE PRACTICES CHARACTERS’ NOMINATION IN MEDIA TEXTS

Объект исследования – современные тексты СМИ. Предмет исследования – вторичные номинации персонажей журналистских публикаций на криминальную тему. Методы исследования: дискурс-анализ текстов СМИ. Выводы: дискурсивные практики, используемые в СМИ, конструируют персонажей амбивалентно: человек, являющийся в уголовном деле обвиняемым, конструируется в текстах СМИ то как злодей, то как жертва; а человек, проходящий по уголовному делу в качестве пострадавшего, конструируется в текстах СМИ то как жертва, то как виновник преступления.The object of the research is modern media texts. The subject of the research is the secondary nominations of characters in journalistic publications on a criminal theme. Research methods: discourse analysis of media texts. Conclusions: discursive practices used in the media construct characters in an ambivalent manner: a person who is accused in a criminal case is constructed in media texts either as a villain or as a victim; and a person passing in a criminal case as a victim is constructed in the texts of the media either as a victim or as the culprit of the crime

Average time scale for Dome Fuji ice core, East Antarctica

Three different approaches to ice-core age dating are employed to develop a depth-age relationship at Dome F: (1) correlation of the ice-core isotope record to the geophysical metronome(Milankovich surface temperature cycle) inferred from the deep borehole temperature profile at Vostok,(2) importing a known chronology from another(Devils Hole) paleoclimatic signal, and(3) direct ice sheet flow modeling. Inverse Monte Carlo sampling is used to constrain the accumulation rate reconstruction and ice flow simulations in order to find the best-fit glaciological time scale matched with the two other chronologies. General uncertainty of the different age estimates varies from 2 to 6kyr on average and reaches 6-14kyr at maximum. Whatever the causes of this discrepancy might be, they are thought to be of different origins, and the age errors are assumed to be independent. Thus, the average time scale for the Dome F ice core down to a depth of 2500m(ice age of 335kyr) is deduced consistently with all three age-depth relationships within the standard deviation limits of ±3.3kyr, and its accuracy is estimated as 1.4kyr on average. The constrained ice-sheet flow model allows extrapolation of the ice age-depth curve further to the glacier bottom and predicts the ages at depths of 2800, 3000, and 3050m to be 615±70, 1560±531, and 2985±1568kyr, respectively

Technology "Debate" as a tool for communicative competence development

The task of a modern university is to produce a highly qualified and competent specialist, ready for independent implementation of professional activities. Communicative competence is one of the fundamental in such preparation. The purpose of the article is to review the experience of implementing the Debate technology as an effective means of developing communicative competence of future vocational training teachers. The article focuses on the specifics of their future activities, its features and conditions, as well as their role in the field of professional education. The teacher of vocational training carries out pedagogical, educational-production and organizational-methodological activities in students training in secondary vocational schools. The basis for the implementation of his professional activity is the construction of effective interaction in the classroom between the teacher and students. For this, future teachers of vocational training must master communicative competence which is one of the main components of their future activities success. The article reveals features of the "Debate" and their capabilities in students’ training. The study allowed us to check the level of communicative competence development in dynamics, as well as to identify the level of students' motivation before using the Debate technology and after. Based on the data obtained, we can talk about the effectiveness of technology implementation. "Debate" provides ample opportunities for students to develop interaction skills, conduct constructive dialogue, select arguments, effective interaction strategies, the ability to balance emotional stress during the discussion, the ability to speak in public and other skills that contribute to the development of communicative competence and provide highly qualified specialist training