Methods of Cost Estimates for the Operation on Radio Engineering Means Taking Into Account the Discount Factor

В настоящее время вопросам, посвященным анализу и оценке затрат стадии эксплуатации радиотехнического средства, уделено недостаточное внимание. При этом следует отметить актуальность оценки этих затрат при выборе рационального варианта оснащения радиотехническими средствами группировки радиотехнических войск. В статье рассматриваются затраты на такую стадию жизненного цикла радиотехнического средства, как эксплуатация, проведен анализ этапов эксплуатации и предложена методика оценки затрат для каждого этапа эксплуатации и для стадии эксплуатация радиотехнического средства в целом, с учетом коэффициента дисконтированияCurrently, issues is devoted to the analysis and the cost estimate stages of operation of the radio engineering means is given insufficient attention. It should be noted the relevance of the assessment of these cost, the choice of a rational variant of the equipment of radio engineering means. In the article for this phase of the life cycle of electronic means of operation stages of the proposed method of estimating cost for each of ethans operation and for the stages of operation of radio engineering means in general, account the discount facto

Potential influence of birds on soil testate amoebae in the Arctic

Birds can be an important agent of environmental change in High Arctic ecosystems, particularly due to the role of seabirds as a vector transferring nutrients from the marine to terrestrial realms. The soils of bird nesting sites are known to host distinct plant communities but the consequences of bird modification for microorganisms are much less clear. Our focus here is testate amoebae: a widely-distributed group of protists with significant roles in many aspects of ecosystem functioning. We compared the testate amoeba assemblages of a site on Spitsbergen (Svalbard archipelago) affected by nesting birds, with nearby control sites. We found differences in assemblage between sites, typified by reduced relative abundance of Phryganella acropodia and Centropyxis aerophila in bird-modified soils. These changes may reflect a reduced availability of fungal food sources. We found no evidence for differences in assemblage diversity or test concentration between bird-modified and control soils. Our dataset is small but results provide the first evidence for the potential effect of bird modification of soils on testate amoebae in the Arctic. Results show only limited similarity to experimental studies of nutrient addition, implying that response mechanisms may be more complicated than simply additional nutrient supply

Total spectrum of photon emission by an ultra-relativistic positron channeling in a periodically bent crystal

We present the results of numerical calculations of the channelling and undulator radiation generated by an ultra-relativistic positron channelling along a crystal plane, which is periodically bent. The bending might be due either to the propagation of a transverse acoustic wave through the crystal, or due to the static strain as it occurs in superlattices. The periodically bent crystal serves as an undulator. We investigate the dependence of the intensities of both the ordinary channelling and the undulator radiations on the parameters of the periodically bent channel with simultaneous account for the dechannelling effect of the positrons. We demonstrate that there is a range of parameters in which the undulator radiation dominates over the channelling one and the characteristic frequencies of both types of radiation are well separated. This result is important, because the undulator radiation can be used to create a tunable source of X-ray and gamma-radiation.Comment: published in J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys. 26 (2000) L87-L95, http://www.iop.org ; 12 pages, 4 figures, LaTe

The Euclid Archive System:A Data-Centric Approach to Big Data

We review the architectural design and implementation of the Euclid Archive System (EAS) which is in the core of the Euclid Science Ground System (SGS) and represents a new generation of data-centric scientific information systems. It will handle up to one hundred PBs of mission data in a heterogeneous storage environment and will allow intensive access both to the data and metadata produced during the mission. This paper makes a particular emphasis on the access to science-ready products and interfaces which will be provided for the end-user

One-dimensional Model of a Gamma Klystron

A new scheme for amplification of coherent gamma rays is proposed. The key elements are crystalline undulators - single crystals with periodically bent crystallographic planes exposed to a high energy beam of charged particles undergoing channeling inside the crystals. The scheme consists of two such crystals separated by a vacuum gap. The beam passes the crystals successively. The particles perform undulator motion inside the crystals following the periodic shape of the crystallographic planes. Gamma rays passing the crystals parallel to the beam get amplified due to interaction with the particles inside the crystals. The term `gamma klystron' is proposed for the scheme because its operational principles are similar to those of the optical klystron. A more simple one-crystal scheme is considered as well for the sake of comparison. It is shown that the gamma ray amplification in the klystron scheme can be reached at considerably lower particle densities than in the one-crystal scheme, provided that the gap between the crystals is sufficiently large.Comment: RevTeX4, 22 pages, 4 figure