PREMATURE NEWBORNS WITH VERY-LOW BIRTH WEIGHT - MEDICAL AND SOCIAL ISSUES

The newborns with very-low birth weight (VLBW) present a high-risk group in terms of morbidity and mortality. In 1996-2000, a total of 264 newborns with birth weight below 1500g were treated in the Neonatology Intensive Care Unit of the Clinic of Neonatology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical University of Varna and in the Clinic of Obstetrics, Specialized Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of Varna. Respiratory distress syndrome and infectious pathology were the leading causes for VLBW morbidity. The most widespread infectious agents were Enterococcus, E. coli, Pseudomonas, and Enterobacteriae. The mortality rate was highest within the first 24 hours. Most commonly, the respiratory distress syndrome, maternal- fetal infections caused by Gram-negative flora and perinatal asphyxia caused death. The intensive treatment included mechanical ventilation, oxygen therapy, surfactants, parenteral nutrition, bioproducts, and antibiotics. Modern methods for noninvasive monitoring of blood gases and saturation, follow-up by ophthalmopediatricians, neurologists and psychologists, ultrasound and C T diagnosis of the central nervous system could decrease of the complications and damages of prematurity

Integrating Legislative And Health Policies To Promote Child Health

Delivering an adequate promotion of child health, in line with the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, along with timely prevention of diseases and targeted health policy can be done with the active participation of the economy, financial sector, education, social care, sports, etc. Bulgaria is a member of the WHO European region and follows the European policy on health and well-being Health 2020. In Bulgaria, the mayor of a municipality manages the social services in the municipality which are state-delegated and local activities. The mayor is an employer of the heads of these services. Aim: The aim of this article is to conduct a review of the policy of Varna Municipality on preventive healthcare for children and young people part of Policy 7 of the National Health Strategy.Materials and Methods: Analysis of current programmes on mental and physical health in children and adolescents in the city of Varna, in accordance with national, European and global programmes has been done.  Conclusion: Central and local authorities that understand the need for public health promotion and prevention is the key to building a healthier society is in the future. Varna Municipality is committed to working on that by financing programmes for prevention, healthcare and social activities

Signs of interaction of the NGC 1275 nucleus with the high-velocity system according to 0.7 sec seeing observations

The nucleus of the Seyfert galaxy NGC 1275 was observed in the B system on 1 December 1989 with seeing 0, 7 seconds using the Zeiss-1000 telescope on Mount Majdanak in Central Asia. Special methods of processing reveal low-contrast details. The nucleus and circumnucleus are stretched in NW-SE direction. There are two narrow filaments near the nucleus in position angles roughly 340 degrees and 320 degrees. The first is directed near the radio jet of the nucleus, the second has broken details curved to the NW or toward the high-velocity system of NGC 1275

Risk Factors for Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy in Full-Term Neonates

Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a clinically defined syndrome of disturbed neurological function in the earliest days of life in the term infants manifested by respiratory distress, subnormal level of consciousness, seizures and depression of tone and reflexes. The authors identified antepartum and intrapartum risk factors for HIE in full term newborns. Between January 1st, 2001 and December 31st, 2003, 54 term infants (gestational age >37 weeks) in NICU of the Clinic of Neonatology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Prof. Paraskev Stoyanov Medical University of Varna were retrospectively studied. All of them met the criteria for moderate or severe HIE (seizures, abnormal consciousness (stupor, coma), respiratory distress, difficulty feeding, abnormal tone and reflexes). Birth prevalence of moderate or severe neonatal HIE was 4,42% term live births. More important antepartum risk factors for HIE were infections, preeclampsia, bleeding in pregnancy, and postmaturity. HIE incidence in infants born after 42 weeks is by 2,5 fold higher. Significant intrapartum risk factors for HIE were intrapartum asphyxia (24% of cases with HIE - OR=6,91), operative vaginal delivery (OR=l,65) and emergency Caesarean section (OR=3,78). The study of the significant risk factors for HIE contributes to prevention of neonatal morbidity and mortality

Advanced Digital Competence of the Teacher

This chapter is devoted to the issues of changing the structure of the competence of teachers in the transformation of the school of the twenty-first century—the school of digital civilization. With this in mind, this chapter takes a fresh look at the advanced competencies of teachers of the near future in the context of these real school changes, the structure of which can be represented as the “triangle of digital competencies”: life, social, and professional. As shown by analytical studies and experimental experience of teacher training, the results of which are presented in this chapter, this triangle of competences will allow children to be included in the digital school environment and form their further activity in the smart education system in the profession throughout their lives. It is also important to note that new competencies have become the basis of a new profession in the school—a digital curator, which is also discussed in this chapter

Q2237+0305 source structure and dimensions from light curves simulation

Assuming a two-component quasar structure model consisting of a central compact source and an extended outer feature, we produce microlensing simulations for a population of star-like objects in the lens galaxy. Such a model is a simplified version of that adopted to explain the brightness variations observed in Q0957 (Schild & Vakulik 2003). The microlensing light curves generated for a range of source parameters were compared to the light curves obtained in the framework of the OGLE program. With a large number of trials we built, in the domain of the source structure parameters, probability distributions to find "good" realizations of light curves. The values of the source parameters which provide the maximum of the joint probability distribution calculated for all the image components, have been accepted as estimates for the source structure parameters. The results favour the two-component model of the quasar brightness structure over a single compact central source model, and in general the simulations confirm the Schild-Vakulik model that previously described successfully the microlensing and other properties of Q0957. Adopting 3300 km/s for the transverse velocity of the source, the effective size of the central source was determined to be about 2x10^15 cm, and Epsilon =2 was obtained for the ratio of the integral luminosity of the outer feature to that of the central source.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures, LaTe

Investigation of GdBaCo2-xFexO6-δ (x = 0, 0.2) - Ce0.8Sm0.2O2 composite cathodes for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells

The double perovskites GdBaCo2-xFexO 6-δ (x = 0, 0.2) and composites (100 - y) GdBaCo 2-xFexO6-δ (x = 0, 0.2) - y Ce 0.8Sm0.2O2 (y = 10-50 wt.%) were investigated as cathode materials for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells (IT-SOFCs). Chemical compatibility of GdBaCo2-xFexO 6-δ (x = 0, 0.2) with solid electrolyte Ce0.8Sm 0.2O2, thermal expansion, DC conductivity and electrochemical performance of (100 - y) GdBaCo2-xFe xO6-δ (x = 0, 0.2) - y Ce0.8Sm 0.2O2 (y = 10-50 wt.%) were studied. Partial substitution of Fe for Co was shown to lead to decrease of double perovskite GdBaCo 2-xFexO6-δ reactivity with the solid electrolyte Ce0.8Sm0.2O2. Polarization resistance of cathodes studied was found to depend significantly on firing temperature. Variation of solid electrolyte content in (100 - y) GdBaCo 2-xFexO6-δ (x = 0, 0.2) - y Ce 0.8Sm0.2O2 (y = 10-50 wt.%) composites was shown to allow to optimize their electrochemical performance. Cathode materials of 80 wt.% GdBaCo2O6-δ - 20 wt.% Ce 0.8Sm0.2O2 and 65 wt.% GdBaCo 1.8Fe0.2O6-δ - 35 wt.% Ce 0.8Sm0.2O2 were found to have the lowest polarization resistances and reasonable values of thermal expansion coefficient (TEC) and, therefore, can be considered as promising cathode materials for IT-SOFCs. © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved