548 research outputs found
Stochastic Process Associated with Traveling Wave Solutions of the Sine-Gordon Equation
Stochastic processes associated with traveling wave solutions of the
sine-Gordon equation are presented. The structure of the forward Kolmogorov
equation as a conservation law is essential in the construction and so is the
traveling wave structure. The derived stochastic processes are analyzed
numerically. An interpretation of the behaviors of the stochastic processes is
given in terms of the equation of motion.Comment: 12 pages, 9 figures; corrected typo
Stability analysis of the D-dimensional nonlinear Schroedinger equation with trap and two- and three-body interactions
Considering the static solutions of the D-dimensional nonlinear Schroedinger
equation with trap and attractive two-body interactions, the existence of
stable solutions is limited to a maximum critical number of particles, when D
is greater or equal 2. In case D=2, we compare the variational approach with
the exact numerical calculations. We show that, the addition of a positive
three-body interaction allows stable solutions beyond the critical number. In
this case, we also introduce a dynamical analysis of the conditions for the
collapse.Comment: 6 pages, 7 figure
Stability of Bose-Einstein Condensates Confined in Traps
Bose-Einstein condensation has been realized in dilute atomic vapors. This
achievement has generated immerse interest in this field. Presented is a review
of recent theoretical research into the properties of trapped dilute-gas
Bose-Einstein condensates. Among them, stability of Bose-Einstein condensates
confined in traps is mainly discussed. Static properties of the ground state
are investigated by use of the variational method. The anlysis is extended to
the stability of two-component condensates. Time-development of the condensate
is well-described by the Gross-Pitaevskii equation which is known in nonlinear
physics as the nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation. For the case that the
inter-atomic potential is effectively attractive, a singularity of the solution
emerges in a finite time. This phenomenon which we call collapse explains the
upper bound for the number of atoms in such condensates under traps.Comment: 74 pages with 12 figures, submitted to the review section of
International Journal of Modern Physics
Exact results on the dynamics of multi-component Bose-Einstein condensate
We study the time-evolution of the two dimensional multi-component
Bose-Einstein condensate in an external harmonic trap with arbitrary
time-dependent frequency. We show analytically that the time-evolution of the
total mean-square radius of the wave-packet is determined in terms of the same
solvable equation as in the case of a single-component condensate. The dynamics
of the total mean-square radius is also the same for the rotating as well as
the non-rotating multi-component condensate. We determine the criteria for the
collapse of the condensate at a finite time. Generalizing our previous work on
a single-component condensate, we show explosion-implosion duality in the
multi-component condensate.Comment: Two-column 6 pages, RevTeX, no figures(v1); Added an important
reference, version to appear in Physical Review A (v2
EXCAVACIONES EN LA PLATAFORMA Z1, PAMPA DE MOSQUITO. PRIMERA EVIDENCIA DEL ARCAICO TARDÍO EN EL VALLE MEDIO DEL RÍO JEQUETEPEQUE
En las décadas de 1980, 1990 y la primera década de este siglo se realizaron intensas investigaciones arqueológicas en el valle medio del río Jequetepeque. Como resultado de estos trabajos se expuso una gran ocupación prehispánica, en especial, de asentamientos pertenecientes al periodo Formativo. Tanto así, que el pueblo de Tembladera fue conocido por su cerámica finamente elaborada (Alva 1986) durante el periodo Formativo y además a este periodo se le consideró como la ocupación más temprana conocida hasta el momento en este segmento del valle. Nuestras investigaciones realizadas en la Pampa de Mosquito, apoyados por elementos de arte rupestre y por datación radiocarbónica, dio como resultado que existió una ocupación más temprana vinculada al periodo Arcaico Tardío
Prediction of multiple infections after severe burn trauma: a prospective cohort study.
OBJECTIVE: To develop predictive models for early triage of burn patients based on hypersusceptibility to repeated infections.
BACKGROUND: Infection remains a major cause of mortality and morbidity after severe trauma, demanding new strategies to combat infections. Models for infection prediction are lacking.
METHODS: Secondary analysis of 459 burn patients (≥16 years old) with 20% or more total body surface area burns recruited from 6 US burn centers. We compared blood transcriptomes with a 180-hour cutoff on the injury-to-transcriptome interval of 47 patients (≤1 infection episode) to those of 66 hypersusceptible patients [multiple (≥2) infection episodes (MIE)]. We used LASSO regression to select biomarkers and multivariate logistic regression to built models, accuracy of which were assessed by area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) and cross-validation.
RESULTS: Three predictive models were developed using covariates of (1) clinical characteristics; (2) expression profiles of 14 genomic probes; (3) combining (1) and (2). The genomic and clinical models were highly predictive of MIE status [AUROCGenomic = 0.946 (95% CI: 0.906-0.986); AUROCClinical = 0.864 (CI: 0.794-0.933); AUROCGenomic/AUROCClinical P = 0.044]. Combined model has an increased AUROCCombined of 0.967 (CI: 0.940-0.993) compared with the individual models (AUROCCombined/AUROCClinical P = 0.0069). Hypersusceptible patients show early alterations in immune-related signaling pathways, epigenetic modulation, and chromatin remodeling.
CONCLUSIONS: Early triage of burn patients more susceptible to infections can be made using clinical characteristics and/or genomic signatures. Genomic signature suggests new insights into the pathophysiology of hypersusceptibility to infection may lead to novel potential therapeutic or prophylactic targets
Effects of ac-field amplitude on the dielectric susceptibility of relaxors
The thermally activated flips of the local spontaneous polarization in
relaxors were simulated to investigate the effects of the applied-ac-field
amplitude on the dielectric susceptibility. It was observed that the
susceptibility increases with increasing the amplitude at low temperatures. At
high temperatures, the susceptibility experiences a plateau and then drops. The
maximum in the temperature dependence of susceptibility shifts to lower
temperatures when the amplitude increases. A similarity was found between the
effects of the amplitude and frequency on the susceptibility.Comment: 8 pages, 7 figures, Phys. Rev. B (in July 1st
Stability of trapped Bose-Einstein condensates
In three-dimensional trapped Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC), described by the
time-dependent Gross-Pitaevskii-Ginzburg equation, we study the effect of
initial conditions on stability using a Gaussian variational approach and exact
numerical simulations. We also discuss the validity of the criterion for
stability suggested by Vakhitov and Kolokolov. The maximum initial chirp
(initial focusing defocusing of cloud) that can lead a stable condensate to
collapse even before the number of atoms reaches its critical limit is obtained
for several specific cases. When we consider two- and three-body nonlinear
terms, with negative cubic and positive quintic terms, we have the conditions
for the existence of two phases in the condensate. In this case, the magnitude
of the oscillations between the two phases are studied considering sufficient
large initial chirps. The occurrence of collapse in a BEC with repulsive
two-body interaction is also shown to be possible.Comment: 15 pages, 11 figure
Soft Phonon Anomalies in the Relaxor Ferroelectric Pb(Zn_1/3Nb_2/3)_0.92Ti_0.08O_3
Neutron inelastic scattering measurements of the polar TO phonon mode
dispersion in the cubic relaxor Pb(Zn_1/3Nb_2/3)_0.92Ti_0.08O_3 at 500K reveal
anomalous behavior in which the optic branch appears to drop precipitously into
the acoustic branch at a finite value of the momentum transfer q=0.2 inverse
Angstroms, measured from the zone center. We speculate this behavior is the
result of nanometer-sized polar regions in the crystal.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
Modeling transducer impulse responses for predicting calibrated pressure pulses with the ultrasound simulation program Field II
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