28 research outputs found

    Macroscopically uniform and flat lithium thin film formed by electrodeposition using multicomponent additives

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    It is well-known that the electrodeposition of lithium usually results in the formation of dendrites on the electrode surface. This limits the utilization of metallic lithium as a material for, for example, the negative electrodes of rechargeable batteries. In aqueous solutions, similar dendritic growth of metals is often observed during electrodeposition; however, utilization of multicomponent additives has overcome this shortcoming. Here, we report that the simultaneous utilization of four different additives greatly suppresses the formation of lithium dendrites during electrodeposition in a tetraglyme-based solution. The roles of the additives are discussed, based on the results of electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance measurements and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

    Omecamtiv mecarbil in chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, GALACTIC‐HF: baseline characteristics and comparison with contemporary clinical trials

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    Aims: The safety and efficacy of the novel selective cardiac myosin activator, omecamtiv mecarbil, in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is tested in the Global Approach to Lowering Adverse Cardiac outcomes Through Improving Contractility in Heart Failure (GALACTIC‐HF) trial. Here we describe the baseline characteristics of participants in GALACTIC‐HF and how these compare with other contemporary trials. Methods and Results: Adults with established HFrEF, New York Heart Association functional class (NYHA) ≥ II, EF ≤35%, elevated natriuretic peptides and either current hospitalization for HF or history of hospitalization/ emergency department visit for HF within a year were randomized to either placebo or omecamtiv mecarbil (pharmacokinetic‐guided dosing: 25, 37.5 or 50 mg bid). 8256 patients [male (79%), non‐white (22%), mean age 65 years] were enrolled with a mean EF 27%, ischemic etiology in 54%, NYHA II 53% and III/IV 47%, and median NT‐proBNP 1971 pg/mL. HF therapies at baseline were among the most effectively employed in contemporary HF trials. GALACTIC‐HF randomized patients representative of recent HF registries and trials with substantial numbers of patients also having characteristics understudied in previous trials including more from North America (n = 1386), enrolled as inpatients (n = 2084), systolic blood pressure < 100 mmHg (n = 1127), estimated glomerular filtration rate < 30 mL/min/1.73 m2 (n = 528), and treated with sacubitril‐valsartan at baseline (n = 1594). Conclusions: GALACTIC‐HF enrolled a well‐treated, high‐risk population from both inpatient and outpatient settings, which will provide a definitive evaluation of the efficacy and safety of this novel therapy, as well as informing its potential future implementation

    On the asymptotic behavior of spectral functions of elliptic operators

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    On the asymptotic distribution of eigenvalues in an unbounded domain

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    Selective isolation of β-glucan from corn pericarp hemicelluloses by affinity chromatography on cellulose column.

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    A combination of anion-exchange chromatography and affinity chromatography on a cellulose column was found to be effective for the isolation of β-(1, 3;1, 4)-glucan (BG) from corn pericarp hemicelluloses (CPHs). CPHs containing 6.6% BG were extracted from corn pericarp with 6M urea-2 wt% NaOH solution and initially fractionated into neutral and acidic parts by anion exchange chromatography to remove acidic arabinoxylan consisting of arabinose (35.6%) and xylose (50.9%). The neutral fraction (yield; 10.1% on the basis of CPHs) consisting of 1.0% arabinose, 10.1% xylose and 80.3% glucose containing 28.4% BG was then applied to a cellulose column of Whatman CF-11. BG could be recovered from the adsorbed fraction on the cellulose column by elution with 2% NaOH in a yield of 2.6% on the basis of CPHs with a purity of 84.7%. The chemical structure of the isolated corn pericarp BG was confirmed by (13)C NMR spectroscopic, methylation and lichenase treatment analyses. The results indicate that the ratios of (1, 4)/(1, 3) linkage and cellotriosyl/cellotetraosyl segments of the BG were 2.60 and 2.5, respectively
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