Autism pathogenesis: Piecing it all together, from end to beginning …

© 2018, Pharmainfo Publications. All rights reserved. Increased extra-axial cerebrospinal fluid (EA-CSF) have been observed in imaging studies of infant brains, who go on to develop autism. Folate deficiency can cause defects in neural development that can affect CSF production and drainage. Folate receptor alpha antibodies (FRAA) are observed in 75% of autism patients. Maternal FRAA have also been observed in the case of neural tube defects. Folate deficiency can cause aluminum accumulation in the brain. Autistic brains have been shown to accumulate aluminum. FRAA in the child or mother can therefore explain all the observations. Further, autism patients have a higher genetic risk for cancer but have lower cancer rates. Many cancer cells express folate receptor alpha to transport folate required for rapid growth. Once again FRAA in autism can thus explain lower rates of cancer occurrence as FRAA block FRA expressed on cancer cells, affecting folate transport. A majority of FRAA are of the IgG4 subclass and bind with higher affinity to the bovine folate receptor than the human folate receptor. The human and bovine FR have 90% protein sequence homology. From allergies and parasite infections we know that IgG4 is the second stage of the immune response. The first stage is IgE against FRA. The US Institute of Medicine concluded that antigens in vaccines do cause IgE mediated sensitization. Many vaccines contain cow’s milk proteins, one of which is the bovine folate receptor protein. Bovine casein and casamino acids used as growth media for vaccine manufacture are derived from cow’s milk. The solution for vaccine-induced IgE against FRA, is to immediately remove all non-target proteins from all vaccines by using processes such as affinity chromatography

Cancer immunology, bioinformatics and chemokine evidence link vaccines contaminated with animal proteins to autoimmune disease: A detailed look at Crohn’s disease and Vitiligo

© 2018, Pharmainfo Publications. All rights reserved. Cancer research has demonstrated that immunization with homologous xenogeneic proteins (such as vaccines contaminated with animal proteins that resemble human proteins) results in autoimmunity. Bioinformatics analysis demonstrates that animal proteins have occasional amino acid differences compared to equivalent human proteins. For this purpose we used Uniprot and BLASTP. We found homology to human GP2 (Bos taurus 77%, Sus scrofa 76%, Cavia porcellus 72% Gallus gallus 43%), homology to human tyrosinase (Bos taurus 87%, Sus scrofa 90%, Cavia porcellus 85%, Gallus gallus 73%), homology to human GP100 (Bos taurus 77%, Sus scrofa 81%, Cavia porcellus 77%, Gallus gallus 42%) and highlight the occasional amino acid differences. Mutated human protein epitopes can be identical to animal protein derived epitopes. Low affinity self reactive T cells suited for detection of mutated human epitopes will be activated by animal derived epitopes. CD8+ T cells involved in numerous autoimmune disorders express the CCR4 skin homing receptor. This is evidence that the site of priming was the skin. This is consistent with subcutaneous or intramuscular injection of animal protein contaminated vaccines. The above findings add to the growing evidence of vaccines inducing autoimmune diseases. Autoantibody and autoreactive T cell levels can vary from person to person. Not everyone will develop overt disease. For every case of diagnosed autoimmune disease, there are numerous subclinical cases. These subclinical diseases could shave decades off your life. So “rare” diagnosed vaccine adverse events are the tip of the iceberg

Sympathetic nervous system and neurotransmitters: Their possible role in neuroimmunomodulation of multiple sclerosis and some other autoimmune diseases

Multiple sclerosis is still a disease without a cure. Although intensive research efforts have led to the development of drugs that modify the activity of the disease, most of them have various side effects and are expensive. At the same time it is becoming apparent that some remedies usually used to treat somatic and psychic disorders also have immunomodulating properties, and may help manage multiple sclerosis and other autoimmune diseases. We describe here the role of the sympathetic nervous system in the neuro-immune interaction in multiple sclerosis and other immune diseases with increased cellular immunity as well as neurochemical disturbances that take place in these disorders. © Versita Warsaw and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2006

Splitting fields and general differential Galois theory

An algebraic technique is presented that does not use results of model theory and makes it possible to construct a general Galois theory of arbitrary nonlinear systems of partial differential equations. The algebraic technique is based on the search for prime differential ideals of special form in tensor products of differential rings. The main results demonstrating the work of the technique obtained are the theorem on the constructedness of the differential closure and the general theorem on the Galois correspondence for normal extensions..Comment: 33 pages, this version coincides with the published on

ФРИДРИХ БРАУЭЛЬ: ЖИЗНЬ И ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ

The article, written on the basis of data from the Russian and European archives, is the most complete biography of the famous figure of the Russian medical and veterinary science of the middle of the XIX century Friedrich Brauell, one of the pioneers of anthrax research. The article describes in detail the period of formation of F. Brauell as a scientist – his education received in Germany, visit to the Russian Empire for service, confirmation of academic degree received at homeland. His first steps in the field of teaching and science at Kazan University are discussed in details, his efforts to create a collection of anatomical preparations are described. The main part of the article is devoted to his work in Derpat (Tartu) Veterinary School, where he fully revealed his talent as a major organizer of scientific and educational activities. Particular attention is paid to its study of the problem of anthrax and plague. In addition, the article deals with the issues of his personal life and family for the first time. Thus, the material contained in the article can be useful for scientists studying the history of medicine, infectious diseases and veterinary medicine.Статья, написанная на основе данных из российских и европейских архивов, представляет собой наиболее полное жизнеописание известного деятеля российской медицинской и ветеринарной науки середины XIX в. Фридриха Брауэля, одного из первооткрывателей возбудителей сибирской язвы. В работе подробно описан период становления Ф. Брауэля как ученого – его образование, полученное в Германии, приезд в Российскую империю для службы, подтверждение полученной у себя на родине ученой степени. Подробно обсуждаются его первые шаги на поприще образования и науки в Казанском университете, описаны его усилия по созданию коллекции анатомических препаратов. Основная часть статьи посвящена его работе в Дерптском ветеринарном училище, где полностью раскрылся его талант крупного организатора научной и образовательной деятельности. Особое внимание уделено его исследованию проблемы сибирской язвы и чумы. Кроме того, в статье впервые затронуты вопросы его частной жизни и семьи. Таким образом, содержащийся в статье материал может быть полезен для ученых, занятых изучением истории медицины, инфекционных заболеваний и ветеринарии

Curved One-Dimensional Wire as a Spin Rotator

We propose a semiconductor structure that can rotate the electron spin without using ferromagnetic contacts, tunneling barriers, external radiation etc. The structure consists of a strongly curved one-dimensional ballistic wire with intrinsic spin-orbit interactions of Rashba type. Our calculations and analytical formulae show that the proposed device can redistribute the current densities between the two spin-split modes without backscattering and, thus, serve as a reflectionless and high-speed spin switcher. Using parameters relevant for InAs we investigate the projection of current density spin polarization on the spin-quantization axis as a function of the Rashba constant, external magnetic field, and radius of the wire's curvature.Comment: 10 pages, 6 figures; replaced with considerably extended versio

Желчнокаменная болезнь среди медицинского персонала поликлиники: факторы риска ее развития в разных профессиональных группах

The aim. Identification of risk factors for gallstone disease (GDS) development between different professional groups of polyclinic medical staff. Material and methods. 75 medical staff members were divided into two groups (1st group: 30 doctors; 2nd group: 45 nurses). All of them were interviewed fo r information about profession, gender, age, waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI), smoking, arterial hypertension (AH), diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypercholesterolemia. In addition, women were interviewed about the number of pregnancies, ostmenopause and taking oral contraceptive pills (OCPs). To assess physical activity, a short international questionnaire on physical activity (IPAQ) was used. To identify the presence of professional burnout (PB) syndrome we applied the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) questionnaire, adapted by N.Е. Vodopianova for medical staff. At the final stage, the data of abdominal organs ultrasound examination were analyzed based on the materials of medical staff outpatient records. Results. The GSD prevalence among doctors was 33.3%, and 24.4% among nurses. In both groups age, AH, weight, WC and BMI contribute to GSD formation. In the first group of individuals with GSD, the level of total cholesterol (TC) was significantly higher. In the same group extremely high PB, postmenopause (p <0.05) and hypodynamia (p <0.1) were much more common. In the second group, there were more DM cases and pregnancies (p <0.05). Conclusion. The medical staff of the clinic has a high GSD incidence, whose frequency depends not only on classical risk factors prevalence, but is also determined by profession peculiarities, characterized by high psychological stress and lower physical activity of physicians, compared to nurses.Цель исследования. Выявить факторы риска развития желчнокаменной болезни (ЖКБ) среди медицинского персонала поликлиники в разных профессиональных группах. Материалы и методы. В поликлинике было осмотрено и анкетировано 75 медицинских сотрудников поликлиники, которые были разделены на две группы. В 1-ю были включены 30 врачей; во 2-ю - 45 медицинских сестер. Анализу подвергались такие показатели, как профессия, пол, возраст, объем талии (ОТ), индекс массы тела (ИМТ), курение, наличие артериальной гипертензии (АГ), сахарного диабета (СД), гиперхолестеринемии, постменопаузы; у женщин – количество беременностей и прием оральных контрацептивов (ОК). Для оценки физической активности применяли краткий международный опросник по физической активности (IPAQ). Для выявления симптомов профессионального выгорания (ПВ) использовали опросник Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), адаптированный Н.Е. Водопьяновой для медицинских сотрудников. На конечном этапе анализировались данные ультразвукового исследования органов брюшной полости по амбулаторным картам медицинских работников. Результаты. Распространенность ЖКБ среди врачей составила 33,3%, и 24,4% среди медицинских сестер. В обеих группах на формирование ЖКБ влияют возраст, наличие АГ, вес, ОТ, ИМТ. В первой группе лиц с ЖКБ уровень общего холестерина был достоверно выше (ОХ). В этой же группе ПВ крайне высокой степени, постменопауза (p<0,05) и гиподинамия (p<0,1) встречались значительно чаще. В группе медицинских сестер с ЖКБ отмечалось преобладание лиц с СД и большее число беременностей (p<0,05). Заключение. У медицинского персонала поликлиники имеет место высокая распространенность ЖКБ, частота которой зависит не только от распространенности классических факторов риска, но и определяется особенностями профессиональной деятельности, характеризующейся высокой психологической нагрузкой и более низкой физической активностью врачебного персонала, по сравнению с медицинскими сестрами

Параметры периферической крови как маркеры неспецифического адаптационного ответа при острых инфекционных заболеваниях с синдромом тонзиллита

Evaluation of nonspecific adaptive response of the body in children with acute infectious diseases associated with tonsillitis syndrome was the aim of this research. This prospective study included clinical, anamnestic and laboratory examination of children with acute infectious diseases with tonsillitis syndrome. A systemic multiple factor analysis was conducted (significance level р<0.05). The evaluation of peripheral blood parameters (specific gravity of lymphocytes and indices of reactive protective potential (RPP) - specific immune lymphocytic-monocytic parameter (SILMP) and coefficient of phagocytic defense (CPD)) gives the possibility to determine the condition of nonspecific adaptation in children with acute infectious diseases associated with tonsillitis syndrome. Children with tonsillitis syndrome show significant increase of integral RPP parameters, i.e. decrease of RPP, which is more pronounced on discharge (on admission - in 57% of children, on discharge - in 87%). The most unfavourable initial nonspecific adaptative body response (NABR) (according to the percentage of lymphocytes) is the reaction of increased activation, as it is associated with the transition to the overactivation by the time of discharge (37% of children). Systemic multiple factor analysis determined which peripheral blood parameters have more influence on children’s adaptation during the course of infectious disease: RPP indices showed high influence coefficients in all diseases (CPD was the highest in bacterial infection - Рi 198.3; SILMP was the highest in viral infection - Рi 147.81; in mixed infection CPD and SILMP were roughly the same - Рi – 107.25 and Рi - 78.11, respectively), which proves the feasibility of RPP evaluation for prognostic purposes in the treatment of this category of patients.Целью настоящего исследования явилась оценка неспецифической адаптационной реакции организма у детей с острыми инфекционными заболеваниями, ассоциированными с синдромом тонзиллита. Данное проспективное исследование включало клинико-анамнестическое и лабораторное обследование детей с острыми инфекционными заболеваниями с синдромом тонзиллита. Проведен системный многофакторный анализ (уровень значимости р<0,05). Оценка показателей периферической крови (удельного веса лимфоцитов и показателей реактивно-протективный потенциал (РПП) - специфического иммунного лимфоцитарно-моноцитарного параметра (ИЛМП) и коэффициента фагоцитарной защиты (КФЗ) дает возможность определить состояние неспецифической адаптации у детей с острыми инфекционными заболеваниями, ассоциированными с синдромом тонзиллита. У детей с синдромом тонзиллита отмечается достоверное повышение интегральных показателей РПП, т. е. снижение РПП, которое более выражено при выписке (при поступлении - у 57% детей, при выписке - у 87%). Наиболее неблагоприятной исходной неспецифической адаптационной реакцией организма (по проценту лимфоцитов) является реакция повышенной активации, так как она связана с переходом к гиперактивации к моменту выписки (37% детей). Системный многофакторный анализ определил, какие показатели периферической крови оказывают большее влияние на адаптацию детей в течение инфекционного заболевания: показатели РПП показали высокие коэффициенты влияния при всех заболеваниях, что доказывает целесообразность оценки РПП в прогностических целях при лечении данной категории больных

Circulating markers of vascular damage as predictors of cardiovascular events in atherosclerosis and metabolic disorders

The article presents the results of cluster analysis of the contribution of immune inflammation and endothelial dysfunction (ED) markers to the frequency and severity of cardiovascular events (CVE) in cohorts of patients with asymptomatic atherosclerosis (AAS), coronary artery disease (CAD), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and metabolic syndrome (MS) during a 3-year prospective observation. Results Circulating markers of ED and immune inflammation, such as ET-1, IL-1β, TNF-α, antibodies to collagen type I and III, and antibodies to chondroitine sulfate (CS) contribute to cardiovascular (CV) manifestation in AAS. In CAD patients ET-1, eNOs, antibodies to collagen, as well as IL-6 and vWf  are the main contributors. In T2DM without clinical manifestation of CAD, the set of markers associated with the adverse events includes ET-1, eNOs, IL-6, anti-C, and anti-HA. In CAD combined with T2DM, the cluster of markers associated with the adverse events includes vWf, TNF-α, eNOs, IL-6, anti-C, anti-HA and CRP. In AAS without MS, the key contributors are ET-1 and vWf, and the presence of anti-C and anti-ChS; in AAS/MS patients, the key markers are IL-1β, TNF-α, anti-C, anti-ChS, anti-HA, and CRP. In CAD without MS, the cluster of markers associated with adverse events includes ET-1, eNOs and anti-HA; in CAD/MS it includes anti-C, ET-1, and IL-6. Conclusion. The obtained results confirm the role of systemic inflammation in the development of atherosclerosis-associated angiopathy in coronary pathology and disorders of carbohydrate metabolism, and also suggest a set of circulating markers as predictors of adverse CVE