Analysis of variance of passenger traffic of Ekaterinburg on example of the Yekaterinburg municipal unitary enterprise "Tram and trolleybus management"

Настоящая статья посвящена исследованию влияния различных факторов на пассажиропоток городского электротранспорта г. Екатеринбурга на примере ЕМУП «Трамвайно-троллейбусное управление». Разработано программное приложение для проведения однофакторного дисперсионного анализа пассажиропотока. Проведена аналитическая обработка статистических данных за пятилетний срок действия электронной оплаты проезда в г. Екатеринбурге.This article investigates the impact of various factors on passenger traffic urban electric transport in Ekaterinburg on the example of the Yekaterinburg municipal unitary enterprise "Tram and trolleybus management". Developed software application to perform a univariate analysis of variance of passenger traffic. Analytical processing of statistical data for the five-year validity of the electronic fare collection in Ekaterinburg

Model of fuzzy controller of autoinformer

The article presents a model of a fuzzy control system of autoinformer of public transport. The purpose of the development is providing flexible adjustment of the start time of pronunciation of tram’s stop name and improving the quality of service for public transport passengers. A model of fuzzy controller for generating a control signal for starting of pronunciation is developed. Presented the linguistic variables, terms and examples of fuzzy logical rules. For comparison purposes, a model of a simple classic program controller is presented. Numerical experiments show the advantages of fuzzy controller.Представлена модель системы управления автоинформатора общественного транспорта с нечетким регулятором. Цель разработки: обеспечение гибкой настройки системы управления временем начала озвучивания остановки и повышение качества обслуживания пассажиров общественного транспорта. Предложена модель нечеткого регулятора для формирования управляющего сигнала начала объявления остановки. Представлены лингвистические переменные, термы и примеры правил нечеткого логического вывода для работы нечеткого регулятора. В целях сравнения и тестирования предложена модель простого четкого регулятора с использованием программного управления. Проведены численные эксперименты, которые показывают преимущества нечеткого регулятора перед четким регулятором

Institutional analysis of the regulatory and legal framework for financial reporting control in Russia

The study contains the main approaches to the determination of various institutions affecting Russian accounting from the standpoint of their formal and informal types. In modern conditions, the economic actions of a subject must be matched to external factors that determine the correctness of economic decision-making, as well as consistency and the development of correct patterns and behavior algorithms that are most effective for each specific situation. Through the institutional analysis, the authors have identified several inconsistencies in the regulatory framework of related institutions and suggested ways to eliminate these disparities. Inter-institutional discrepancies have been found between law and accounting institutions, indicating non-compliance in the accounting practice of the substance over form principle, between recognition in the bookkeeping and tax accounting of the transfer of assets and liabilities ownership, as well as differences in the recording of investment real estate in the financial statements according to IFRS institutions and Russian national standards.peer-reviewe

Linguistic description of specific names of bacteria of the genus Bartonella

The purpose of the study is to find the Latin names of of all types of bacteria of the genus Bartonella, to identify their etymology, to determine the structure of nomenclature names and the main groups of species names.Цель исследования – найти латинские названия всех видов бактерий рода бартонелла, выявить их этимологию, определить структуру номенклатурных наименований и основные группы видовых наименований

Способ вдувания горячих восстановительных газов

Изобретение относится к области металлургии, в частности, к доменному производству. Способ включает получение горячего восстановительного газа путем газификации угля или углеродсодержащих материалов в жидкой ванне с использованием дутья, обогащенного кислородом, и вдувание полученного горячего восстановительного газа в доменную печь. При газификации используют дутье, обогащенное кислородом до 55-60%, и концентрат железной руды или других окисленных металлосодержащих материалов и вдувают в фурмы доменной печи полученный горячий восстановительный газ в соотношении 0,8-0,9 тыс. м3/т передельного чугуна и одновременно кислород в соотношении 0,15-0,17 тыс. м3/т передельного чугуна. В жидкой ванне дополнительно получают чугун 0,18-0,21 т/т передельного чугуна доменной печи. Изобретение позволяет уменьшить удельные расходы кокса за счет его замены дешевым углем или углеродсодержащими материалами

Topography of associations between cardiovascular risk factors and myelin loss in the ageing human brain.

Our knowledge of the mechanisms underlying the vulnerability of the brain's white matter microstructure to cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) is still limited. We used a quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) protocol in a single centre setting to investigate the cross-sectional association between CVRFs and brain tissue properties of white matter tracts in a large community-dwelling cohort (n = 1104, age range 46-87 years). Arterial hypertension was associated with lower myelin and axonal density MRI indices, paralleled by higher extracellular water content. Obesity showed similar associations, though with myelin difference only in male participants. Associations between CVRFs and white matter microstructure were observed predominantly in limbic and prefrontal tracts. Additional genetic, lifestyle and psychiatric factors did not modulate these results, but moderate-to-vigorous physical activity was linked to higher myelin content independently of CVRFs. Our findings complement previously described CVRF-related changes in brain water diffusion properties pointing towards myelin loss and neuroinflammation rather than neurodegeneration

Model for initiation of quality factor degradation at high accelerating fields in superconducting radio-frequency cavities

A model for the onset of the reduction in SRF cavity quality factor, the so-called Q-drop, at high accelerating electric fields is presented. Breakdown of the surface barrier against magnetic flux penetration at the cavity equator is considered to be the critical event that determines the onset of Q-drop. The worst case of triangular grooves with low field of first flux penetration Hp, as analyzed previously by Buzdin and Daumens, [1998 Physica C 294: 257], was adapted. This approach incorporates both the geometry of the groove and local contamination via the Ginzburg-Landau parameter kappa, so the proposed model allows new comparisons of one effect in relation to the other. The model predicts equivalent reduction of Hp when either roughness or contamination were varied alone, so smooth but dirty surfaces limit cavity performance about as much as rough but clean surfaces do. When in combination, contamination exacerbates the negative effects of roughness and vice-versa. To test the model with actual data, coupons were prepared by buffered chemical polishing and electropolishing, and stylus profilometry was used to obtain distributions of angles. From these data, curves for surface resistance generated by simple flux flow as a function of magnetic field were generated by integrating over the distribution of angles for reasonable values of kappa. This showed that combined effects of roughness and contamination indeed reduce the Q-drop onset field by ~30%, and that that contamination contributes to Q-drop as much as roughness. The latter point may be overlooked by SRF cavity research, since access to the cavity interior by spectroscopy tools is very difficult, whereas optical images have become commonplace. The model was extended to fit cavity test data, which indicated that reduction of the superconducting gap by contaminants may also play a role in Q-drop.Comment: 15 pages with 7 figure

Taphonomic phenomenon of ancient hair from Glacial Beringia:perspectives for palaeoecological reconstructions

An accumulation of mammoth hair, discovered in the Bol'shaya Chukochya River valley (northeast Yakutia, Russia), was found to contain remains of terrestrial and aquatic organisms, including plants, insects, crustaceans, birds and mammals. Radiocarbon dating indicated that this post-mortem taphocoenosis represented multiple time periods. The mammoth hair was dated to older than 45 ka BP, the plants were dated to 12 750 +/- 50 a BP (which corresponds to a shift in the environmental conditions and landscapes during the formation of thermokarst in northeastern Russia) and the bird feathers were dated to 4115 +/- 40 a BP. A scenario of the formation of this fossil assemblage is proposed, covering the MIS 3-1 time range. The hair also yielded various Arctic branchiopod crustaceans, which inhabit shallow temporary water bodies and therefore are important for reconstruction of palaeoenvironments. The cladoceran subgenus Daphnia (Ctenodaphnia), currently absent from the Asian part of Beringia, is reported from this region for the first time. The study demonstrates that the discovered permafrostpreserved hair is a unique repository of Ice Age organisms.</p

Рекуперативный способ бескоксовой переработки ванадийсодержащего рудного сырья с прямым легированием ванадием стали

Изобретение относится к области металлургии, в частности к процессам металлизации и электросталеплавильному производству. Ванадийсодержащее рудное сырье металлизируют в печи металлизации с использованием в качестве восстановителя горячих восстановительных газов, поступающих из газификатора с жидкой ванной. В газификаторе с одновременным получением газа производятся горячие полупродукт и шлак, которые наряду с металлизованным сырьем печи металлизации поступают в электропечь для последующей плавки. Избытки тепла горячего восстановительного газа из газификатора с жидкой ванной и горячего экспортного газа печи металлизации параллельно используют в двух рекуператорах с коэффициентами рекуперации тепла не менее 0,7 для нагрева дутья нижних фурм и кислорода верхних фурм газификатора с жидкой ванной соответственно. Изобретение позволит удешевить процесс получения легированной ванадием стали, снизить энергоемкость процесса и вредные выбросы в атмосферу