The link between data choices and reality in life cycle assessment modelling of waste management technologies

Environmental models, e.g. life cycle assessment (LCA), are widely used to support decision-making. A model is a way to try and reproduce reality, it is therefore important to consider the reliability and usefulness of this representation of reality. In an assessment it is therefore important to consider the influence by the representativeness of the input data and the model itself, as this will control how wide or narrow the result interpretation can become. There are specific challenges for LCA of waste management systems related to the collection of representative data. Site-specific conditions affect the quality of the waste and the waste composition due to local waste separation and collection schemes, why there is a high need for site-specific data. Please click Additional Files below to see the full abstract

Augmenting Chest X-ray Datasets with Non-Expert Annotations

The advancement of machine learning algorithms in medical image analysis requires the expansion of training datasets. A popular and cost-effective approach is automated annotation extraction from free-text medical reports, primarily due to the high costs associated with expert clinicians annotating chest X-ray images. However, it has been shown that the resulting datasets are susceptible to biases and shortcuts. Another strategy to increase the size of a dataset is crowdsourcing, a widely adopted practice in general computer vision with some success in medical image analysis. In a similar vein to crowdsourcing, we enhance two publicly available chest X-ray datasets by incorporating non-expert annotations. However, instead of using diagnostic labels, we annotate shortcuts in the form of tubes. We collect 3.5k chest drain annotations for CXR14, and 1k annotations for 4 different tube types in PadChest. We train a chest drain detector with the non-expert annotations that generalizes well to expert labels. Moreover, we compare our annotations to those provided by experts and show "moderate" to "almost perfect" agreement. Finally, we present a pathology agreement study to raise awareness about ground truth annotations. We make our annotations and code available

Antioxidant capacity of hydrolyzed porcine tissues

The antioxidative capacity of seven different porcine tissue hydrolysates (colon, appendix, rectum, pancreas, heart, liver, and lung) were tested by four different assays, including iron chelation, 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging, 2,2-Diphenyl-1-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl) hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging, and inhibition of lipid oxidation. All hydrolyzed tissues displayed antioxidant capacity in all four assays, with colon, liver, and appendix as the three most potent inhibitors of lipid oxidation (47, 29, and 27 mmol/L trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity [TEAC], respectively) and liver, colon, pancreas, and appendix as the four most potent iron chelators (92% ± 1.1, 79.3% ± 3.2, 77.1% ± 1.8, and 77% ± 2.3, respectively). Furthermore, colon and appendix showed good radical scavenging capacities with ABTS scavenging of 86.4% ± 2.1 and 84.4% ± 2.9 and DPPH scavenging of 17.6% ± 0.3 and 17.1% ± 0.2, respectively. Our results provide new knowledge about the antioxidant capacity of a variety of animal by-products, which can be transformed into antioxidant hydrolysates, thereby creating added value

Dansk beskæftigelsespolitik i det nye årtusinde — kontinuitet og forandring

Det mest sikre, man kan sige om arbejdsmarkedspolitikken, er, at den er under konstant forandring. Siden 2005 er der som følge af strukturreformen blevet etableret nye lokale jobcentre i hver kommune. Forestillingen om det "enstrengede" system, som blev lanceret med Flere i arbejde, er nu ma terialiseret i 77 fælles jobcentre, hvor stat og kommune er flyttet sammen, og 14 pilotjobcentre, hvor kommunen har an svaret for både forsikrede ledige og kontanthjælpsmodtagere. I medfør af denne reform er der samtidig etableret rådgivende beskæftigelsesråd centralt, regionalt og lokalt. Akasserne har også med Velfærdsaftalen fået nye beskæftigelsespolitiske opgaver overfor deres ledige medlemmer

Dansk beskæftigelsespolitik i det nye årtusinde — kontinuitet og forandring

Det mest sikre, man kan sige om arbejdsmarkedspolitikken, er, at den er under konstant forandring. Siden 2005 er der som følge af strukturreformen blevet etableret nye lokale jobcentre i hver kommune. Forestillingen om det "enstrengede" system, som blev lanceret med Flere i arbejde, er nu ma terialiseret i 77 fælles jobcentre, hvor stat og kommune er flyttet sammen, og 14 pilotjobcentre, hvor kommunen har an svaret for både forsikrede ledige og kontanthjælpsmodtagere. I medfør af denne reform er der samtidig etableret rådgivende beskæftigelsesråd centralt, regionalt og lokalt. Akasserne har også med Velfærdsaftalen fået nye beskæftigelsespolitiske opgaver overfor deres ledige medlemmer

Assessment of Suicide Risks During the First Week Immediately After Discharge From Psychiatric Inpatient Facility

Background: The suicide rate in first week after psychiatric discharge is alarmingly high. Although a risk assessment prior to discharge is standard praxis, it can be difficult to take into consideration the obstacles that patient will meet once discharged. A follow-up-visit during the first week after discharge is an opportunity to reevaluate whether a person may be at risk of suicide. Aim: To determine how many patients, of those who were assessed, were evaluated to be at elevated risk of suicide during the first week after psychiatric discharge and secondarily to identify predictors of this and predictors for receiving a follow-up visit during first week after discharge. Methods: All patients discharged between March 1st 2018 to January 17th 2019 were offered a home visit including a systematic risk assessment. Socio-demographics and clinical variables were obtained from medical records and logistic regression analyses were used to identify predictors of a higher suicide risk assessment as well as receiving a follow-up visit. Results: Information from 1905 discharges were included. Of these, 1,052 were seen in follow-up meetings. Risk assessments was conducted in a total of 567 discharge procedures, of which 28 (5%) had an elevated risk of suicide. A history of suicide attempt, suicide risk having been the reason for admission, a first diagnosis of a psychiatric disorder was associated with an elevated risk of suicide after discharge. Conclusion: Follow-up visits could serve as an important tool to identify people whose suicidal risk were overlooked at discharge or exposed to severe stressors after discharge.Helsefonden (grant number: 18-B-0302