37 research outputs found
B-physics anomalies: The bridge between R-parity violating Supersymmetry and flavoured Dark Matter
In recent years, significant experimental indications that point towards
Lepton Flavour Universality violating effects in B-decays, involving and have been accumulated. A possible New
Physics explanation can be sought within the framework of R-parity violating
Supersymmetry, which contains the necessary ingredients to explain the
anomalies via both leptoquark, tree-level exchange and one-loop diagrams
involving purely leptonic interactions. In addition, an approximate
flavour symmetry, that respects gauge coupling unification, successfully
controls the strength of these interactions. Nevertheless strong constraints
from leptonic processes and boson decays exclude most of the relevant
parameter space at the level. Moreover, R-parity violation deprives
Supersymmetry of its Dark Matter candidates. Motivated by these deficiencies,
we introduce a new gauge singlet superfield, charged under the flavour symmetry
and show that its third-generation, scalar component may participate in loop
diagrams that alleviate the above-mentioned tensions, while at the same time
reproduce the observed relic abundance. We obtain a solution to both anomalies
that is also fully consistent with the rich Flavour and Dark Matter
phenomenology. Finally, we assess the prospect to probe the model at future
experiments.Comment: 9 pages, 4 figures; v2: format changed to REVTeX 4.1, minor revision
change
Semi-leptonic -physics anomalies: a general EFT analysis within flavor symmetry
We analyse the recent hints of Lepton Flavor Universality violations in
semi-leptonic decays within a general EFT based on a flavor
symmetry acting on the light generations of SM fermions. We analyse in
particular the consistency of these anomalies with the tight constraints on
various low-energy observables in and physics. We show that, with a
moderate fine-tuning, a consistent picture for all low-energy observables can
be obtained under the additional dynamical assumption that the NP sector is
coupled preferentially to third generation SM fermions. We discuss how this
dynamical assumption can be implemented in general terms within the EFT, and we
identify a series of observables in decays which could provide further
evidences of this NP framework.Comment: 25 pages, late
Attracting the Electroweak Scale to a Tachyonic Trap
We propose a new mechanism to dynamically select the electroweak scale during
inflation. An axion-like field that couples quadratically to the Higgs
with a large initial velocity towards a critical point where the Higgs
becomes massless. When crosses this point, it enters a region where the
Higgs mass is tachyonic and this results into an explosive production of Higgs
particles. Consequently, a back-reaction potential is generated and the field
is attracted back to . After a series of oscillations around
this point it is eventually trapped in its vicinity due to the periodic term of
the potential. The model avoids transplanckian field excursions, requires very
few e-folds of inflation and it is compatible with inflation scales up to
. The mass of lies in the range of hundreds of GeV to a
few TeV and it can be potentially probed in future colliders.Comment: 6 pages and 3 figures, comments welcom
Radiative effects in the scalar sector of vector leptoquark models
Gauge models with massive vector leptoquarks at the TeV scale provide a successful framework for addressing the B-physics anomalies. Among them, the 4321 model has been considered as the low-energy limit of some complete theories of flavor. In this work, we study the renormalization group evolution of this model, laying particular emphasis on the scalar sector. We find that, despite the asymptotic freedom of the gauge couplings, Landau poles can arise at relatively low scales due to the fast running of quartic couplings. Moreover, we discuss the possibility of radiative electroweak symmetry breaking and characterize the fine-tuning associated with the hierarchy between the electroweak scale and the additional TeV-scale scalars. Finally, the idea of scalar fields unification is explored, motivated by ultraviolet embeddings of the 4321 model
Radiative effects in the scalar sector of vector leptoquark models
Abstract: Gauge models with massive vector leptoquarks at the TeV scale provide a successful framework for addressing the -physics anomalies. Among them, the 4321 model has been considered as the low-energy limit of some complete theories of flavor. In this work, we study the renormalization group evolution of this model, laying particular emphasis on the scalar sector. We find that, despite the asymptotic freedom of the gauge couplings, Landau poles can arise at relatively low scales due to the fast running of quartic couplings. Moreover, we discuss the possibility of radiative electroweak symmetry breaking and characterize the fine-tuning associated with the hierarchy between the electroweak scale and the additional TeV-scale scalars. Finally, the idea of scalar fields unification is explored, motivated by ultraviolet embeddings of the 4321 model
Scrutinizing the Primordial Black Holes Interpretation of PTA Gravitational Waves and JWST Early Galaxies
Recent observations have granted to us two unique insights into the early
universe: the presence of a low-frequency stochastic gravitational wave
background detected by the NANOGrav and Pulsar Timing Array (PTA) experiments
and the emergence of unusually massive galaxy candidates at high redshifts
reported by the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). In this letter, we consider
the possibility that both observations have a common origin, namely primordial
black holes (PBHs) in the mass range between and
. While superheavy PBHs act as seeds of accelerated galaxy
formation capable of explaining the JWST extreme galaxies, they can also form
binary mergers that source gravitational waves which can be potentially
identified as the PTA signal. The analysis is performed taking into account the
constraints on the relevant region of the PBH parameter space including the
novel bound imposed by the so-called Ultraviolet Luminosity Function of
galaxies observed by the Hubble Space Telescope. We conclude that PTA's and
JWST's interpretations in terms of PBH binary mergers and Poissonian gas of
PBHs, respectively, are strongly excluded.Comment: 6+4 pages, 1+4 figure
NuCLR: Nuclear Co-Learned Representations
We introduce Nuclear Co-Learned Representations (NuCLR), a deep learning
model that predicts various nuclear observables, including binding and decay
energies, and nuclear charge radii. The model is trained using a multi-task
approach with shared representations and obtains state-of-the-art performance,
achieving levels of precision that are crucial for understanding fundamental
phenomena in nuclear (astro)physics. We also report an intriguing finding that
the learned representation of NuCLR exhibits the prominent emergence of crucial
aspects of the nuclear shell model, namely the shell structure, including the
well-known magic numbers, and the Pauli Exclusion Principle. This suggests that
the model is capable of capturing the underlying physical principles and that
our approach has the potential to offer valuable insights into nuclear theory.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure
Towards a muon collider
A muon collider would enable the big jump ahead in energy reach that is needed for a fruitful exploration of fundamental interactions. The challenges of producing muon collisions at high luminosity and 10 TeV centre of mass energy are being investigated by the recently-formed International Muon Collider Collaboration. This Review summarises the status and the recent advances on muon colliders design, physics and detector studies. The aim is to provide a global perspective of the field and to outline directions for future work