Analisis Potensi Sumberdaya Manusia Bidang Pendidkan Sesuai dengan Koridor Ekonomi Mp3ei (Masterplan Percepatan dan Perluasan Pembangunan Indonesia)

Masterplan Percepatan dan Perluasan Pembangunan Ekonomi Indonesia atau MP3EI merupakan arahan strategis dalam percepatan dan perluasan pembangunan ekonomi Indonesia yang memiliki tiga pilar (kluster) yaitu pengembangan potensi ekonomi melalui koridor ekonomi, penguatan konektivitas nasional, dan penguatan kemampuan SDM dan Iptek nasional. Analisis dan kajian pendidikan guna menguatkan kemampuan SDM dan Iptek tidak dilakukan dengan detail. Indeks pendidikan merupakan indikator utama dalam meningkatkan mutu sumberdaya manusia. Indeks pendidikan dapat ditentukan dengan menggunakan metode indikator komposit terhadap aksesibilitas, kapabilitas, dan fasilitas pendidikan. Peta kesesuaian indeks pendidikan terhadap rencana pembangunan kutub-kutub pertumbuhan ekonomi mengalami miss-match. Hal ini menunjukan bahwa potensi sumberdaya alam belum bisa dioptimalisasikan dengan baik karena belum mampunya sumberdaya manusia di Indonesia untuk mengolahnya. Pemerataan fasilitas pendidikan menjadi langkah utama untuk menciptakan pemerataan pendidikan serta dilakukannya migrasi terhadap usia-usia produktif ke wilayah yang memiliki indeks pendidikan rendah untuk tercapainya kesesuaian potensi sumberdaya manusia terhadap sumberdaya alam

Analisis Perbedaan Kinerja Pemerintah Daerah yang Dipimpin Kepala Daerah Berlatar Belakang Entrepreneur dan Nonentrepreneur

In the implementation of regional autonomy, the regional head is expected toimplement visionary and innovative leadership patterns to fulfill hisobligations in developing regions, providing quality services, and creatingprosperity of the local community. In this study, the sample used is limited tolocal governments in Sumatera and Java who conducted elections of regionalheads (Pilkada) in 2010 ie as many as 111 provinces, districts, and cities. Thedata used secondary data, namely the score of local government in rankingand performance status of local government, obtained from the website of theMinistry of Home Affairs; and Audit Opinion, as seen in the summary ofaudit report result by the Supreme Audit Board (BPK). The conclusions ofthis study are: 1) there is a difference between the performance of localgovernment in Sumatera and Java, led by the Head of Region entrepreneurand non-entrepreneur background based on score of local government indetermining the rank and status of local government administration; 2) Thereis no difference between the performance of local government in Sumatera andJava led by the head of region with entrepreneur and non-entrepreneurbackground based on audit opinion of Supreme Audit Board (BPK) on LocalGovernment Financial Report (LKPD

Modeling microevolution in a changing environment: The evolving quasispecies and the Diluted Champion Process

Several pathogens use evolvability as a survival strategy against acquired immunity of the host. Despite their high variability in time, some of them exhibit quite low variability within the population at any given time, a somehow paradoxical behavior often called the evolving quasispecies. In this paper we introduce a simplified model of an evolving viral population in which the effects of the acquired immunity of the host are represented by the decrease of the fitness of the corresponding viral strains, depending on the frequency of the strain in the viral population. The model exhibits evolving quasispecies behavior in a certain range of its parameters, ans suggests how punctuated evolution can be induced by a simple feedback mechanism.Comment: 15 pages, 12 figures. Figures redrawn, some additional clarifications in the text. To appear in Journal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory and Experimen

On the accuracy of language trees

Historical linguistics aims at inferring the most likely language phylogenetic tree starting from information concerning the evolutionary relatedness of languages. The available information are typically lists of homologous (lexical, phonological, syntactic) features or characters for many different languages. From this perspective the reconstruction of language trees is an example of inverse problems: starting from present, incomplete and often noisy, information, one aims at inferring the most likely past evolutionary history. A fundamental issue in inverse problems is the evaluation of the inference made. A standard way of dealing with this question is to generate data with artificial models in order to have full access to the evolutionary process one is going to infer. This procedure presents an intrinsic limitation: when dealing with real data sets, one typically does not know which model of evolution is the most suitable for them. A possible way out is to compare algorithmic inference with expert classifications. This is the point of view we take here by conducting a thorough survey of the accuracy of reconstruction methods as compared with the Ethnologue expert classifications. We focus in particular on state-of-the-art distance-based methods for phylogeny reconstruction using worldwide linguistic databases. In order to assess the accuracy of the inferred trees we introduce and characterize two generalizations of standard definitions of distances between trees. Based on these scores we quantify the relative performances of the distance-based algorithms considered. Further we quantify how the completeness and the coverage of the available databases affect the accuracy of the reconstruction. Finally we draw some conclusions about where the accuracy of the reconstructions in historical linguistics stands and about the leading directions to improve it.Comment: 36 pages, 14 figure

A note on the Guerra and Talagrand theorems for Mean Field Spin Glasses: the simple case of spherical models

The aim of this paper is to discuss the main ideas of the Talagrand proof of the Parisi Ansatz for the free-energy of Mean Field Spin Glasses with a physicist's approach. We consider the case of the spherical $p$-spin model, which has the following advantages: 1) the Parisi Ansatz takes the simple ``one step replica symmetry breaking form'', 2) the replica free-energy as a function of the order parameters is simple enough to allow for numerical maximization with arbitrary precision. We present the essential ideas of the proof, we stress its connections with the theory of effective potentials for glassy systems, and we reduce the technically more difficult part of the Talagrand's analysis to an explicit evaluation of the solution of a variational problem.Comment: 20 pages, 5 figures. Added references and minor language correction

Challenges in control and autonomy of unmanned aerial-aquatic vehicles

Autonomous aquatic vehicles capable of flight can deploy more rapidly, access remote or constricted areas, overfly obstacles and transition easily between distinct bodies of water. This new class of vehicles can be referred as Unmanned Aerial-Aquatic Vehicles (UAAVs), and is capable of reaching distant locations rapidly, conducting measurements and returning to base. This greatly improves upon current solutions, which often involve integrating different types of vehicles (e.g. vessels releasing underwater vehicles), or rely on manpower (e.g. sensors dropped manually from ships). Thanks to recent research efforts, UAAVs are becoming more sophisticated and robust. Nonetheless numerous challenges remain to be addressed, and particularly dedicated control and sensing solutions are still scarce. This paper discusses challenges and opportunities in UAAV control, sensing and actuation. Following a brief overview of the state of the art, we elaborate on the requirements and challenges for the main types of robots and missions proposed in the literature to date, and highlight existing solutions where available. The concise but wide-ranging overview provided will constitute a useful starting point for researchers undertaking UAAV control work

Inference algorithms for gene networks: a statistical mechanics analysis

The inference of gene regulatory networks from high throughput gene expression data is one of the major challenges in systems biology. This paper aims at analysing and comparing two different algorithmic approaches. The first approach uses pairwise correlations between regulated and regulating genes; the second one uses message-passing techniques for inferring activating and inhibiting regulatory interactions. The performance of these two algorithms can be analysed theoretically on well-defined test sets, using tools from the statistical physics of disordered systems like the replica method. We find that the second algorithm outperforms the first one since it takes into account collective effects of multiple regulators

Aligning graphs and finding substructures by a cavity approach

We introduce a new distributed algorithm for aligning graphs or finding substructures within a given graph. It is based on the cavity method and is used to study the maximum-clique and the graph-alignment problems in random graphs. The algorithm allows to analyze large graphs and may find applications in fields such as computational biology. As a proof of concept we use our algorithm to align the similarity graphs of two interacting protein families involved in bacterial signal transduction, and to predict actually interacting protein partners between these families.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure

Canalization of the evolutionary trajectory of the human influenza virus

Since its emergence in 1968, influenza A (H3N2) has evolved extensively in genotype and antigenic phenotype. Antigenic evolution occurs in the context of a two-dimensional 'antigenic map', while genetic evolution shows a characteristic ladder-like genealogical tree. Here, we use a large-scale individual-based model to show that evolution in a Euclidean antigenic space provides a remarkable correspondence between model behavior and the epidemiological, antigenic, genealogical and geographic patterns observed in influenza virus. We find that evolution away from existing human immunity results in rapid population turnover in the influenza virus and that this population turnover occurs primarily along a single antigenic axis. Thus, selective dynamics induce a canalized evolutionary trajectory, in which the evolutionary fate of the influenza population is surprisingly repeatable and hence, in theory, predictable.Comment: 29 pages, 5 figures, 10 supporting figure

Replicated Transfer Matrix Analysis of Ising Spin Models on `Small World' Lattices

We calculate equilibrium solutions for Ising spin models on `small world' lattices, which are constructed by super-imposing random and sparse Poissonian graphs with finite average connectivity c onto a one-dimensional ring. The nearest neighbour bonds along the ring are ferromagnetic, whereas those corresponding to the Poisonnian graph are allowed to be random. Our models thus generally contain quenched connectivity and bond disorder. Within the replica formalism, calculating the disorder-averaged free energy requires the diagonalization of replicated transfer matrices. In addition to developing the general replica symmetric theory, we derive phase diagrams and calculate effective field distributions for two specific cases: that of uniform sparse long-range bonds (i.e. `small world' magnets), and that of (+J/-J) random sparse long-range bonds (i.e. `small world' spin-glasses).Comment: 22 pages, LaTeX, IOP macros, eps figure