First regulatory inspections measuring adherence to Good Pharmacy Practices in the public sector in Uganda: a cross-sectional comparison of performance between supervised and unsupervised facilities

GPP inspection indicators with classification (critical, major, and minor) and overlap with SPARS indicators indicated with*, partly overlap **. (DOCX 145 kb

Les protéases chez les helminthes

Proteases in helmintic parasites. Proteases catalyse the cleavage of internal peptide bonds within peptides and proteins. They are classified into four major classes and are involved in a broad range of eukaryotic processes. Proteases have also been found to play a number of critical roles in the virulence of pathogenic agents, particularly of nematode parasites. Parasitic proteases are involved in different aspects of host-parasite interactions. They facilitate the invasion of host tissues and allow nutrition as well as the survival of the parasite in its host. Proteases also participate in the parasite's evasion from the host's immune response. The functional diversity and complexity of these enzymes are described in this review, with a particular focus on the principally identified proteases of four helminths: Schistosoma sp., Fasciola sp., Taenia sp. and Haemonchus sp. Some of these proteases, especially the cysteine proteases secreted by the parasitic trematode Fasciola hepatica, have been successfully tested in experimental immunodiagnosis. Proteases identified in different parasites are currently under study for a use as recombinant vaccines. In this respect, proteases are proposed as major potential targets for immunotherapy and chemotherapy against parasitic diseases.Les protéases catalysent le clivage de liaisons peptidiques internes au sein de peptides et protéines. Classées en quatre grandes familles, ces enzymes sont impliquées dans de nombreuses fonctions des cellules eucaryotes. De plus, elles jouent un rôle critique dans la virulence des pathogènes et plus particulièrement des parasites. Elles interviennent à différents niveaux de l'interaction hôte-parasite. Elles facilitent la pénétration du parasite au sein de l'hôte et y assurent sa nutrition ; elles participent également à l'échappement du parasite vis à vis du système immunitaire de l'hôte. La diversité et la complexité fonctionnelle de ces molécules sont illustrées dans cette revue qui décrit les principales protéases identifiées chez quatre helminthes : Schistosoma sp., Fasciola sp., Taenia sp. et Haemonchus sp. Certaines de ces protéases et notamment plusieurs cystéine protéases du trématode Fasciola hepatica semblent être de bons candidats pour l'immunodiagnostic. De même des protéases identifiées chez différents parasites et utilisées comme vaccin recombinant font actuellement l'objet d'études. Ainsi les protéases apparaissent comme des cibles potentielles majeures en thérapie et vaccination antiparasitaire

Immunohistochemical detection of the human cytochrome P4507B1: production of a monoclonal antibody after cDNA immunization

International audienceThe cytochrome P4507B1 (P4507B1) is responsible for the 7alpha-hydroxylation of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and other 3beta-hydroxysteroids in the brain and other organs. The cDNA of human P4507B1 was used for DNA immunization of mice. The best responding mouse led to the production of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). The clone D16-37 produced an IgM specific for P4507B1 with no cross-reaction with other human P450s. This antibody permitted the immunohistochemical detection of P4507B1 in slices of human hippocampus. P4507B1 was expressed in neurons only. This new tool will be used for the extensive examination of the P4507B1 presence and determination of its levels in slices of human normal and diseased brain and in other human tissues

Teori dan praktik penerjemahan Arab-Indonesia

iii, 225 p. : il.; 29 cm

Agroecological transformation for sustainable food systems : Insight on France-CGIAR research

This 26th dossier d’Agropolis is devoted to research and partnerships in agroecology. The French Commission for International Agricultural Research (CRAI) and Agropolis International, on behalf of CIRAD, INRAE and IRD and in partnership with CGIAR, has produced this new issue in the ‘Les dossiers d’Agropolis international’ series devoted to agroecology. This publication has been produced within the framework of the Action Plan signed by CGIAR and the French government on February 4th 2021 to strengthen French collaboration with CGIAR, where agroecology is highlighted as one of the three key priorities (alongside climate change, nutrition and food systems)