Permeable pavements and storm water management

The purpose of this book chapter is to summarize the recent literature on permeable pavements and related systems, highlighting current trends in research and practice, and to recommend future areas of research and development. Note that permeable pavements are also known as porous and pervious pavements depending on the industry and country of origin. The development of permeable pavements using concrete pavers as an integral part of sustainable drainage systems is reviewed in the context of traditional and modern urban drainage. Emphasis is given to detailed design, maintenance and water quality control aspects. The advantages and disadvantages of different pavement surfaces are discussed with the help of recent and relevant case study findings. The latest innovations are explained, and their potential for further research work is outlined. Current research regarding the development of systems combining geothermal heating and cooling, water treatment and recycling, and pavement is promising

Aspectos históricos, culturais e sociais do trabalho Aspectos historicos, culturales y sociales del trabajo Historical, cultural and social aspects of labor

Trata-se de um estudo histórico-social que teve como objetivo contribuir para a compreensão da contínua evolução do processo de trabalho e sua íntima relação com o trabalhador. Foram utilizadas para a elaboração deste ensaio fontes bibliográficas diversas, com fundamento em dados históricos, conceituais, filosóficos e científicos. Os achados nos levaram à conclusão que, embora profundas transformações tenham ocorrido no mundo do trabalho, em sua essência, a atividade laboriosa marcou a vida dos indivíduos e das coletividades em diferentes épocas e lugares.<br>Es un estudio histórico-social, cuyo objetivo fue contribuir para la comprensión de la continua evolución del proceso de trabajo, desde la Antigüedad Clásica hasta la industrialización en el mundo moderno, y su íntima relación con el trabajador. Fueron utilizadas para la elaboración de este ensayo fuentes bibliográficas diversas, fundamentadas en datos históricos, conceptuales, filosóficos y científicos. Lo observado nos permite concluir que, aunque profundas transformaciones hayan ocurrido en el mundo del trabajo, en su esencia, la actividad laboriosa marcó la vida de los individuos y de las colectividades en distintas épocas y locales.<br>It is a historical-social study that aimed at contributing for the comprehension of the continuous evolution of the working process since the Classic Antiquity until the industrialization in the modern world and the intimate relation with the worker. A variety of bibliographic sources were used for this essay, based on historical, conceptual, filosophical and scientific data. The findings drove to the conclusion that although deep transformations have occurred on the world of labor, the working activity, in its essence, has marked the lives of individuals and collectivities in different times and places