Pengaruh Komunikasi Terapeutik Perawat Terhadap Kepuasan Pasien Di Rawat Jalan RSUD Jogja

The Objective of this study is to know influence of nurse therapeutic communication to satisfaction of patients satisfaction in RSUD Yogyakarta. The study was a quantitative research methods such as surveys of descriptive inferential research with cross sectional approach. Number of samples in this research is 285 sample in inpatient and 140 in emergency room. The instrument used a questionnaire. Analysis of data using multiple linear regression. This study show that there is the influence of therapeutic communication nurse to satisfaction of outpatients and Emergency room in RSUD Yogyakarta, and orientation phase is a phase that most influence on patient satisfaction. The most influential to therapeutic communication is termination stage

Assessment of the IVIS imaging system as a method for monitoring tumor growth in a TE8-Luc subcutaneous tumor model.

<p><b>A)</b> IVIS images were obtained once a week until 5 weeks after subcutaneous inoculation of TE8-Luc cells. <b>B)</b> Luminescent intensity of photons emitted from each tumor in the images in (A) was quantified. Mouse numbering corresponds to the numbering in (A). <b>C)</b> Tumor volume was also calculated once a week. <b>D)</b> Correlation between luminescent intensity emitted from each tumor and tumor volume was statistically evaluated using the data of (B) and (C).</p

Establishment of a Non-Invasive Semi-Quantitative Bioluminescent Imaging Method for Monitoring of an Orthotopic Esophageal Cancer Mouse Model

<div><p>Orthotopic models of various types of tumors are widely used in anti-tumor therapeutic experiments in preclinical studies. However, there are few ways to appropriately monitor therapeutic effect in orthotopic tumor models, especially for tumors invisible from the outside. In this study we aimed to establish a non-invasive semi-quantitative bioluminescent imaging method of monitoring an orthotopic esophageal cancer mouse model. We confirmed that the TE8 esophageal cancer cell line implanted orthotopically into the abdominal esophagus of <i>nu/nu</i> mice (n = 5) developed not only a main tumor at the implanted site, but also local lymph node metastases and peritoneal disseminations within 6 weeks after inoculation. We established a TE8 cell line that stably expressed the firefly luciferase gene (TE8-Luc). We showed that TE8-Luc cells implanted subcutaneously into <i>nu/nu</i> mice (n = 5) grew over time until 5 weeks after inoculation. Tumor volume was strongly correlated with luminescent intensity emitted from the tumor, which was quantified using the IVIS imaging system. We then showed that TE8-Luc cells implanted orthotopically into the mouse abdominal esophagus (n = 8) also formed a tumor and that the luminescent intensity of such a tumor, as detected by IVIS, increased over time until 7 weeks after inoculation and was therefore likely to reflect tumor progression. We therefore propose that this orthotopic esophageal cancer model, monitored using the non-invasive semi-quantitative IVIS imaging system, will be useful for in vivo therapeutic experiments against esophageal cancer. This experimental setting is expected to contribute to the development of novel therapeutic technologies for esophageal cancer in preclinical studies.</p></div

Time-course imaging of decoy of quiescent MKN-45 cancer cells in tumor-like structures on Gelfoam^® by OBP-301 and their subsequent killing.

<p><b>A.</b> Experimental setup for treatment of MKN-45 tumor-like structures growing in Gelfoam^® with OBP-301, CDDP, or paclitaxel. <b>B.</b> Time-course images of FUCCI-expressing MKN-45 cancer cells forming tumor-like structures on Gelfoam^® treated with OBP-301, CDDP, or paclitaxel. The cells in G₀/G₁, S, or G₂/M phases appear red, yellow, or green fluorescent, respectively. <b>C.</b> Histogram shows the cell cycle phase of FUCCI-expressing MKN-45 cancer cells forming tumor-like structures on Gelfoam^® treated with OBP-301, CDDP, or paclitaxel. <b>D.</b> Representative images of control, OBP-301-, CDDP-, or paclitaxel-treated tumors. <b>E.</b> Bar graphs show the size of viable tumor after each treatment. <b>F.</b> Histogram shows cell-cycle phase of MKM-45 cells in treated and untreated spheres. Scale bars, 100 μm. Data are shown as means ± SD (n = 5). *<i>P</i> < 0.01. The percentage of cells in G₀/ G₁, S, and G₂/M phases are shown.</p

Dual-color imaging of tumor–host interaction in nestin-driven green fluorescent protein (ND-GFP) nude mice.

<p>(<b>a</b>) CT26-RFP tumor growing in the rectal mucosa of ND-GFP nude mice (white arrow heads). Red line, the direction of the rectal tumor cross-section of (<b>b</b>). Scale bar, 2 mm. (<b>b</b>) Cross-section of the rectal tumor. Bright- light observation. Scale bar, 2 mm. (<b>c</b>) Fluorescence observation of (<b>b</b>). Scale bar, 2 mm. (<b>d</b>) Detail of the boxed region in (<b>c</b>). Host-derived ND-GFP-expressing blood vessels were visualized in the RFP-expressing CT26 rectal tumor in the ND-GFP nude mouse (white arrows). Scale bar, 200 µm.</p

Intramucosal CT26-GFP tumor formation in the mouse rectum.

<p>(<b>a</b>) The rectum was imaged noninvasively 10 days after implantation. Left, brightfield observation; middle, CT26-GFP tumors growing on the rectal mucosa were clearly visible under fluorescence observation; right, simultaneous observation under bright-light and fluorescence imaging. Scale bar, 500 µm. (<b>b</b>) After laparotomy, the rectum was opened longitudinally from the anterior wall. Left, gross appearance of the abdominal cavity. Scale bar: 10 mm; middle, detail of the boxed region; right, simultaneous observation under bright-light and fluorescence. The location of tumor formation was limited on the posterior wall of the terminal rectum. Red line, the direction of rectal cross-section of (<b>c</b>). White line, the direction of tumor cross-section of (d). Scale bar, 2 mm. (<b>c</b>) Histological analysis confirmed that GFP-positive lesions were medullary-type adenocarcinomas with no glandular structures. Left, fluorescence detection of tumors in a frozen section; middle, GFP-positive tumors showed high cellularity and were confirmed as tumors growing in the mucosal layer of the rectum; right, merged image of H&E histological section and fluorescence detection. Note that cancer cells locate only in the mucosal layer of the rectum. (<b>d1-3</b>) CT26 medullary-type adenocarcinomas invading the submucosal layer beyond the limits of the muscularis mucosae (red arrow heads). T  =  tumor. Black arrow heads, muscularis mucosae. (<b>e</b>) Histological appearance of human medullary-type adenocarcinoma. Green arrow heads indicate tumor edge <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0079453#pone.0079453-Winn1" target="_blank">[23]</a>.</p

Disruption of the mucosal barrier of the rectum.

<p>(<b>a</b>) Normal appearance of mouse anus. Scale bar, 1 mm. (<b>b</b>) Retractor made from a drip infusion tube. (<b>c</b>) The anorectal lumen was dilated by inserting the retractor into the anorectum and instilled with an acetic acid solution. (<b>c1</b>) Before acetic acid preparation. (<b>c2</b>) The color of the rectal mucosa changed from reddish pink to whitish after treatment with acetic acid solution. m  =  rectal mucosa. Scale bar, 1 mm. (<b>d</b>) Histological examination just after acetic acid treatment showed that the epithelial cell layer of the rectal mucosa was traumatized. (<b>d1</b>) H&E section of normal anorectum. A  =  surface epithelium; B  =  mucosa; C =  muscularis mucosae; D  =  submucosa; E  =  muscularis externa. (<b>d2</b>) After acetic acid treatment. Note that only the upper part of the mucosa is disrupted. Top, × 40 magnification; bottom, × 100 magnification.</p

Establishment of a TE8-Luc orthotopic esophageal cancer model and a non-invasive semi-quantitative monitoring method using the IVIS imaging system.

<p><b>A)</b> IVIS images were obtained once a week from 3 to 7 weeks after TE8-Luc orthotopic tumor inoculation into the abdominal esophagus. <b>B)</b> Luminescent intensity of photons emitted from each tumor and its surroundings in the images in (A) was quantified. Mouse numbering corresponds to the numbering in (A).</p

Lymph node metastasis of the rectal tumor.

<p>Lymph node metastasis of the rectal tumor.</p

Cell cycle distribution of MKN-45 cells forming tumors on Gelfoam^®.

<p>Sterile Gelfoam^® sponges (Pharmacia & Upjohn, Kalamazoo, MI), prepared from porcine skin, were cut into 1 cm cubes. The Gelfoam^® cubes were incubated at 37℃ in order that Gelfoam^® absorbed the RPMI 1640 medium. The absorbed Gelfoam^® was placed on agorose in 35 mm dishes. FUCCI-expressing MKN-45 cells were seeded on the absorbed Gelfoam^® for 3D culture. MKN-45 cells formed tumor-like structures on Gelfoam^® and spheres on the agarose. <b>A.</b> Schema of Gelfoam^® cultures on agarose. <b>B.</b> Macroscopic appearance of MRN-45 cancer cells forming tumor-like structures on Gelfoam^®. Images were acquired with the OV100 variable magnification fluorescence imager (Olympus, Japan). <b>C.</b> Macroscopic appearance of MKN-45 tumor-like structures growing on Gelfoam^®. Images were acquired with the OV100. <b>D.</b> Representative images of the MKN-45 tumor-like structure on Gelfoam^® using the FV1000 confocal laser scanning microscope (Olympus). <b>E.</b> Macroscopic images of MKN-45 spheres growing in agar. <b>F.</b> Microscopic FUCCI image of MKN-45 spheres.</p