Effective Method for Rear-end Collision Warning System

AbstractThe rear-end collision warning system is prone to give false positive warnings, which can interfere with the driver's concentration while driving, and very often, the high pitched warning sound used in these systems is found to be annoying, and drivers tend to turn the system function off. As a result, this research mainly focused on showing how human beings learn and behave unconsciously, and how a warning sound can be effective without being high pitched.This paper validates the effect of an inconspicuous alarm or warning sound, by testing on a driving simulator. The test subjects learned the false positive warning generation pattern also unconsciously, and they applied the brake quickly only in case of imminent danger

Study on the Utilization of Pyrrhotite Principally Composed of Iron and Sulfur. III : On Sulfur Making by the Catalytic Reduction of Roasting Gases with Blast Furnace Gases

1. In the first place, pure sulfur dioxide was catalytically reduced with pure carbon monoxide, using three kinds of catalyser, and the following conditions were studied with a view to obtaining the greatest yields of sulfurs : - (1) Kind of catalyser. (2) Temperature of catalyser. (3) Decrease of catalyser-efficiency, due to continuous use. (4) the relation between weight of catalyser and flow of gas. 2. From a practical standpoint the use of blast furnace gases, instead of pure carbon monoxide, yielded comparatively better results, preventing the decrease of catalyser-efficiency, because of dilution of gas with nitrogen. 3. Finally, using the roasting gases, from which oxygen was removed, in place of pure sulfur dioxide, still better results were otained

Economic effects analysis of public investment in road improvement works in Hokkaido. Simulation analysis based on a macro-econometric model of Hokkaido

The objective of this study is to clarify how public investment in road improvement projects over a given analytical period of time has affected Hokkaido`s economic structure on the whole in relation to the industrial economy, prefectural income, household consumption, and commodity prices, through a simulation analysis based on a macro-econometric model. More specifically, our goal is to model both the direct effects achieved through the use of improved roads including the reduction of time-distance coefficients, the reduction of transportation costs and market expansion, and the indirect effects such as enhancement of lifestyles and convenience and influence on other public projects including living area improvement and promotion of regional areas, and to identify these effects quantitatively. Taking data availability into consideration, this study covers a 21-year analysis period covering the years 1976 through 1996. In constructing a quantitative model, the effect flow to be modeled was examined from two perspectives: 1) an effect flow showing the effects of road improvement works on production efficiency and market efficiency; and 2) an effect flow showing the effects of road improvement works on living standards considering convenience and lifestyle improvement. Then we attempted building a model that could indicate the occurrence of these effects in both Flow and Stock contexts. As a result of the simulation analysis, it was clarified that application of road improvement works would bring about pronounced positive economic benefits in tertiary industries, particularly in the transportation-service and wholesale/retail sectors, and greatly expand the prefectural net product on the whole. It was also revealed that these expansion effects would stimulate an increase in the prefectural income and in private final consumption expenditure. Furthermore, a simulation analysis on the economic effects that the expansion of the express-highway network would have on Hokkaido`s entire economy revealed that there would be a large effect particularly on investment and production within the transportation/communication industry and also on the commercial output of the wholesale/retail industry.

Increased excretion of urinary cyclic GMP in primary hepatoma and preneoplastic liver.

Urinary excretion of cyclic GMP (cGMP) and the plasma level of cyclic AMP (cAMP) were determined in patients with liver diseases. The urinary excretion of cGMP, expressed on the basis of creatinine excreted per day, was at significantly higher levels not only in primary hepatoma but also in liver cirrhosis, while the plasma level of cAMP was higher only in liver cirrhosis. Thus, the ratio of urinary cGMP excretion to plasma cAMP level in primary hepatoma was significantly higher than that in liver cirrhosis. In cirrhotic patients studied by catheterization, the level of cGMP in the hepatic vein was significantly lower than that in the superior mesenteric or portal vein, indicating the uptake of cGMP by the liver. Since cGMP excretion correlated with KICG both in liver cirrhosis and primary hepatoma, the increased cGMP excretion appeared to be explained by a reduced uptake of cGMP by the liver.</p

MODIFICACION DEL PLANO INCLINADO: UNA ALTERNATIVA SEGURA PARA EL USO EN NIÑOS

El uso de este aparato es seguro, higiénico y cómodo para el uso en niños con dentición temporal o mixta temprana. De igual manera es práctico, de fácil elaboración y con buenos resultados para el médico tratanteMostrar la modificación de la estructura del plano inclinado como una alternativa segura para el uso en niños, así como la mayor retención del aparato para evitar el cementado del mismo y su practicidad para el aseo tanto de la boca del paciente como del aparato

救急隊員が実施する蘇生処置に対する受益者の支払意思額 : 仮想市場調査法を用いた調査

Background: Japanese emergency medical services (EMS) can be used by anyone for free. Recently, EMS usage has increased; the increased costs and the prolonged time for ambulance transport have become recent social problems. Objective: We surveyed the willingness to pay (WTP) for resuscitation provided by EMS. Methods: In November 2011, men and women (3160) aged 20 - 59 years were asked to assume that they were experiencing a cardiopulmonary arrest (CPA), and their WTP for EMS services was assessed in the following three situations: Case A, ambulance transport alone; Case B, chest compression in addition to ambulance transport; and Case C, artificial ventilation through chest compression and intratracheal intubation, in addition to ambulance transport. We calculated the mean WTP for each case. Results: The WTP for Case A, B, and C were ¥6,696 ($65.0), ¥16,081 ($156.1), and ¥27,505 ($267.0), respectively. The WTP for Case B was significantly higher in respondents aged 40 - 59 years compared to those aged 20 - 39 years. The WTP for case B and C were significantly higher in males compared to females. WTP was significantly lower in students than it was in private employees. Although women’s intention to pay was higher than that of men, their WTP was lower than that of men. Public employees’ and students’ intention to pay was significantly lower than that of private employees. Conclusions: Our study provides information about the optimal fee for EMS, which will be useful for discussions on the feasibility of introducing a fee for EMS in Japan.博士（医学）・甲第678号・平成30年3月15日Copyright © 2017 by authors and Scientific Research Publishing Inc. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY 4.0). http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0