地域を基盤とした看護教育を支援する地域連携ステーションの活動報告

平成19年度に採択された文部科学省「現代的教育ニーズ取組プログラム」の後継事業として、地域を基盤とする看護教育の柱である学生・市民・大学・保健医療福祉行政の4者間のつながりを促進・サポートする拠点として「地域連携ステーション」を本学において継続させてきた。　今回は、「教育力向上」「地域活性化」を目指した活動状況をまとめた。地域連携ステーションが地域に開かれた窓口であり続けるためには、連携に必要な“支援”と“調整”のための技術を磨き続けることが大切であると考えられた

Successful cricothyrotomy for emergency airway management : a case report

A ６０ year-old male was brought to our emergency department by ambulance due to sudden onset of dyspnea. On examination, he was in coma since his level of consciousness decreased during transport, blood pressure was １９９／１１１mmHg, heart rate was１００ beats per minute, respirations were １０ per minute, blood oxygen saturation level（SpO２）was１００％ via assisted ventilation with Bag-Valve-Mask, and stridor was heard on auscultation. Those findings indicated airway emergency and endotracheal intubation was required. However, attempts at intubation were unsuccessful due to restriction of mouth opening. Muscle relaxant was then given to perform rapid sequence intubation, which caused vomiting. Failure to ventilation and intubation resulted in cardiopulmonary arrest. Chest compression was started immediately and decision for cricothyrotomy was made. １０ minute after cricothyrotomy, he revived. Subsequently, systemic management including therapeutic normothermia was performed at intensive care unit, then he regained consciousness. He was discharged １ month after admission

Relationship between Symptoms and Gene Expression Induced by the Infection of Three Strains of Rice dwarf virus

BACKGROUND: Rice dwarf virus (RDV) is the causal agent of rice dwarf disease, which often results in severe yield losses of rice in East Asian countries. The disease symptoms are stunted growth, chlorotic specks on leaves, and delayed and incomplete panicle exsertion. Three RDV strains, O, D84, and S, were reported. RDV-S causes the most severe symptoms, whereas RDV-O causes the mildest. Twenty amino acid substitutions were found in 10 of 12 virus proteins among three RDV strains. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We analyzed the gene expression of rice in response to infection with the three RDV strains using a 60-mer oligonucleotide microarray to examine the relationship between symptom severity and gene responses. The number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) upon the infection of RDV-O, -D84, and -S was 1985, 3782, and 6726, respectively, showing a correlation between the number of DEGs and symptom severity. Many DEGs were related to defense, stress response, and development and morphogenesis processes. For defense and stress response processes, gene silencing-related genes were activated by RDV infection and the degree of activation was similar among plants infected with the three RDV strains. Genes for hormone-regulated defense systems were also activated by RDV infection, and the degree of activation seemed to be correlated with the concentration of RDV in plants. Some development and morphogenesis processes were suppressed by RDV infection, but the degree of suppression was not correlated well with the RDV concentration. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Gene responses to RDV infection were regulated differently depending on the gene groups regulated and the strains infecting. It seems that symptom severity is associated with the degree of gene response in defense-related and development- and morphogenesis-related processes. The titer levels of RDV in plants and the amino acid substitutions in RDV proteins could be involved in regulating such gene responses

看護基礎教育における自己教育力育成に向けた“だんだんeポートフォリオシステム”の開発

“eポートフォリオによる自己教育力育成”が文部科学省平成20年度「質の高い大学教育推進プログラム」に選定された。eポートフォリオとは、パソコンを使い学習の記録や写真等、広範囲にわたる情報を電子的に取り込んだり、保管したポートフォリオで、webベースの情報管理ツール・統合データベースである。今回開発した“だんだんeポートフォリオンステム”は、主に16の機能があり、「プロフィール」「学びの蓄積」「課題提出」「その他」に分類される。この機能を、学生や教員の固有情報を基に利用者個々に対応した登録や参照ができるシステムである。この取組みを展開することで、様々な効果が期待される

看護基礎教育における自己教育力育成に向けた”だんだんeポートフォリオ”システムの活用

“eポートフォリオによる自己教育力育成”が文部科学省平成20年度「質の高い大学教育推進プログラム」に選定され、“だんだんeポートフォリオ”システムを開発し、報告してきた。今回は、入学から2年間活用してきた学生93名を対象に「プロフィール」「学びの蓄積」「課題提出」「参考資料」の機能について評価した。その結果、活用した者はそうでない者よりシステムに対する評価は高かった。このことより、システムに慣れていくことや活用の動機づけが重要と考えられた。また、新たに「看護基本技術自己評価」の機能を追加し、“だんだんeポートフォリオ”システムが一定の完成を得たので紹介する

Sequence Changes in Six Variants of Rice Tungro Bacilliform Virus and Their Phylogenetic Relationships

The DNA of three biological variants, G1, Ic and G2, which originated from the same greenhouse isolate of rice tungro bacilliform virus (RTBV) at the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), was cloned and sequenced. Comparison of the sequences revealed small differences in genome sizes. The variants were between 95 and 99% identical at the nucleotide and amino acid levels. Alignment of the three genome sequences with those of three published RTBV sequences (Phi-1, Phi-2 and Phi-3) revealed numerous nucleotide substitutions and some insertions and deletions. The published RTBV sequences originated from the same greenhouse isolate at IRRI 20, 11 and 9 years ago. All open reading frames (ORFs) and known functional domains were conserved across the six variants. The cysteine-rich region of ORF3 showed the greatest variation. When the six DNA sequences from IRRI were compared with that of an isolate from Malaysia (Serdang), similar changes were observed in the cysteine-rich region in addition to other nucleotide substitutions and deletions across the genome. The aligned nucleotide sequences of the IRRI variants and Serdang were used to analyse phylogenetic relationships by the bootstrapped parsimony, distance and maximum-likelihood methods. The isolates clustered in three groups: Serdang alone; Ic and G1; and Phi-1, Phi-2, Phi-3 and G2. The distribution of phylogenetically informative residues in the IRRI sequences shared with the Serdang sequence and the differing tree topologies for segments of the genome suggested that recombination, as well as substitutions and insertions or deletions, has played a role in the evolution of RTBV variants. The significance and implications of these evolutionary forces are discussed in comparison with badnaviruses and caulimoviruses