Imaging features of uterine and ovarian fibromatosis in Nevoid Basal Cell Carcinoma Syndrome

Gorlin-Goltz Syndrome also known as Nevoid Basal Cell Carcinoma Syndrome is an autosomal dominant multisystem disorder. It is characterized by basal cell carcinomas, odontogenic keratocysts, skeletal abnormalities and in a minority of female patients bilateral calcified ovarian fibromas. It is challenging to radiologically assess ovarian fibromas as they have similar imaging patterns to some malignant ovarian lesions. However, it is vitally important to differentiate between benign and malignant lesions to determine patients' suitability for fertility-sparing surgery. This report describes a case of a 25 year-old patient with Gorlin-Goltz Syndrome and bilateral ovarian fibromas

Case report of a patient who survived after cardiac arrest and cardiogenic shock by anaphylactic reaction to gadolinium during magnetic resonance imaging

We report the case of a young adult which survived to anaphylactic shock caused by gadolinium-based contrast agent (GBCA) contrast agent infusion. The patient had no comorbidities and previous history of allergic reactions to contrast agents and underwent elective magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for parotid swelling. Seven years before he received intravenous GBCA administration during an MRI, which exact chemical composition is unknown, without any allergic reaction. After intravenous injection of GBCA for MRI the patient developed anaphylactic shock, causing respiratory failure, cardiac arrest, and cardiogenic shock after return of spontaneous circulation. Because of the rarity of the described event, this report has the aim to raise awareness in the healthcare personnel of the possibility of these life-threatening adverse reactions from GBCAs also in a patient without history of allergy to contrast agents and suggest a possible clinical management of these patients

Reliable Fast (20 Hz) Acquisition Rate by a TD fNIRS Device: Brain Resting-State Oscillation Studies

A high power setup for multichannel time-domain (TD) functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) measurements with high efficiency detection system was developed. It was fully characterized based on international performance assessment protocols for diffuse optics instruments, showing an improvement of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) with respect to previous analogue devices, and allowing acquisition of signals with sampling rate up to 20 Hz and source-detector distance up to 5 cm. A resting-state measurement on the motor cortex of a healthy volunteer was performed with an acquisition rate of 20 Hz at a 4 cm source-detector distance. The power spectrum for the cortical oxy- and deoxyhemoglobin is also provided

First live case of augmented reality robot-assisted radical prostatectomy from 3D magnetic resonance imaging reconstruction integrated with PRECE model (Predicting Extracapsular extension of prostate cancer)

Abstract Objectives To report the feasibility of a console integrated augmented reality model during robotic assisted radical prostatectomy (AR-RARP) developed from combining the results of prostate multiparametric magnetic-resonance-imaging (mpMRI) and a statistical tool for the prediction of the extent of extracapsular extension (ECE) of prostate cancer (based on clinical and biopsy pathological variables). The first live case was presented during the European Section of Uro-Technology (ESUT) Congress on May 2018. Materials and methods We describe the case of a man (59-years) with PSA 4.6 ng/ml and GS3+3 involving up to 30% of the samples. The Predicting Extracapsular Extension of PCa (PRECE) tool – a side specific model anticipating the risk of ECE at different distances from the capsule- predicted a 1.8% and 2.1% ECE risk at 1 mm-distance from the prostatic capsule in the left and right lobes, respectively. These outputs were combined with the mpMRI images to develop a 3D-virtual model integrated in the DaVinci console (High Fidelity and Precision 3D Reconstructions HA3D program). Results The location and the extent of the mpMRI detected lesions were superimposed on the prostate in a real time fashion allowing both the detection and the continuous control of the adequate plane of dissection. Pathological examination revealed a pT2c with negative surgical margins; functional outcomes were satisfactory at 2-months follow-up. Conclusion AR-RARP based on mpMRI plus PRECE is a promising tool that may result in a more precise intraoperative navigation rather than other models based only on imaging, and ensuring the ideal of the precision surgery

Morbidity and Mortality in Patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Undergoing Diagnostic Surgical Lung Biopsy

Morbidity and Mortality In Patients With Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Undergoing Diagnostic Surgical Lung Biopsy.Previous studies have shown conflicting results about safety of surgical lung biopsy (SLB) in usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP)/idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) patients. Study design: we performed a retrospective analysis of all patients who underwent SLB between 2003 and 2013 at the University Hospital of Modena (Italy), to assess morbidity and mortality among patients with UIP/IPF , as compared to patients with other diffuse parenchymal lung diseases (non UIP/IPF). Results: we analyzed 73 patients with (n=29) and without (n=44) UIP/IPF, in which medical history, histology, and survival status were collected. UIP/IPF was diagnosed according to international guidelines. In 59 patients lung biopsy was performed via video-assisted thoracoscopy; in 14 patients thoracotomy was conducted. No intraoperative complications were observed. Postoperative complications were not significantly different between groups and consisted of fever (n=1 in UIP/IPF group; n=4 in non-UIP/IPF group), pneumothorax (n=1 in non-UIP/IPF), pleural effusion (n=1 in non-UIP/IPF), and acute exacerbation (n=1 in both groups, who died). There was no 30-day, 60-day and 90-day mortality. Conclusions: we conclude that surgical lung biopsy can be safely performed in patients with suspected UIP/IPF

MRI of placenta accreta: diagnostic accuracy and impact of interventional radiology on foetal-maternal delivery outcomes in high-risk women

To assess accuracy and reproducibility of MRI diagnosis of invasive placentation (IP) in high-risk patients and to evaluate reliability of MRI features. Secondary aim was to evaluate impact of interventional radiology (IR) on delivery outcomes in patients with IP at MRI

Expression and Function of Gonadotropin-releasing Hormone (GnRH) Receptor in Human Olfactory GnRH-secreting Neurons AN AUTOCRINE GnRH LOOP UNDERLIES NEURONAL MIGRATION

Olfactory neurons and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons share a common origin during organogenesis. Kallmann's syndrome, clinically characterized by anosmia and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, is due to an abnormality in the migration of olfactory and GnRH neurons. We recently characterized the human FNC-B4 cell line, which retains properties present in vivo in both olfactory and GnRH neurons. In this study, we found that FNC-B4 neurons expressed GnRH receptor and responded to GnRH with time- and dose-dependent increases in GnRH gene expression and protein release (up to 5-fold). In addition, GnRH and its analogs stimulated cAMP production and calcium mobilization, although at different biological thresholds (nanomolar for cAMP and micromolar concentrations for calcium). We also observed that GnRH triggered axon growth, actin cytoskeleton remodeling, and a dose-dependent increase in migration (up to 3-4-fold), whereas it down-regulated nestin expression. All these effects were blocked by a specific GnRH receptor antagonist, cetrorelix. We suggest that GnRH, secreted by olfactory neuroblasts, acts in an autocrine pattern to promote differentiation and migration of those cells that diverge from the olfactory sensory lineage and are committed to becoming GnRH neurons