High Pressure Sputtering of materials for selective contacts in emerging photovoltaic cells

In this work we have explored the growth by high pressure sputtering (HPS) of materials intended for novel selective contacts for photovoltaic cells. This technique shows promise for the low-damage low-temperature deposition of PV materials. We studied the deposition of ITO, MoOx and TiOx using pure Ar and mixed Ar/O2 atmospheres as well as ceramic or metallic targets. We show that HPS deposition of these materials is feasible. The growth rate is greatly reduced when oxygen is added to the argon sputtering atmosphere. The best sputtering RF power was 20-45 W for the pressure range studied. Finally, as-deposited films present high surface recombination, but a mild hot plate anneal at 200ºC recovers long effective lifetimes

Sob o signo neoliberal: as relações internacionais da América Latina

As relações internacionais da América Latina são vistas sob o ângulo da transição da diplomacia do desenvolvimento para a diplomacia neoliberal. Os estudos de relações internacionais, particularmente no Brasil e na Argentina, fundamentam a interpretação do autor sobre benefícios e malogros do paradigma neoliberal, visto como uma opção ideológica. A noção de Estado logístico é sugerida como alternativa estratégica ao Estado normal.<br>In this article, international relations in Latin America are analysed through the viewpoint of the transition from a diplomacy of development to a neoliberal model. Studies in International Relations as a discipline, especially those carried out in Brazil and Argentina, are the basis for the author's interpretation about benefits and failures of the neoliberal paradigm, understood as an ideological option. The author forwards the notion of Logistic State as a strategic alternative to the Normal State