6,992 research outputs found
A Modified Method for Reading Midges (Diptera: Chironomidae)
A small scale rearing chamber that provides a continuous source of different life stages of Glyptotendipes barbipes Staeger for bioassay studies was developed. A modified glass aquarium containing a substrate of shredded paper hand towels and artificial medium was employed. The amount of protein fed to the larvae can be used to trigger peak emergence, oviposition, and the rate of maturation. Fifty-three egg masses were sampled and 68% were fertile. Ninety-five percent of these hatched and 85% emerged as adults
Determinants of Spread and Creditworthiness for Emerging Market Sovereign Debt:A Panel Data Study
This study uses a panel-data framework to identify the determinants of the spread over US Treasuries of emerging market sovereign issues as well as of the creditworthiness of the issuers,where the latter is represented by the Institutional Investor's creditworthiness index. We use a sample of 16 emerging market economies, together with time series data for the period 1998 to 2002 when analysing the spread, and from 1987 to 2001 when analysing the creditworthiness. The results suggest that for both the spread and the creditworthiness, significant explanatory variables include the economic growt rate, the debt-to-GDP ratio, the reserves-to-GDP ratio, and the debt-to-exports ratio. In addition, the spread is also determined by the exports-to-GDP ratio, and the debt service to GDP,while the creditworthiness is influenced by the inflation rate and a default dummy variable.
Electro-optic dual-comb interferometry over 40-nm bandwidth
Dual-comb interferometry is a measurement technique that uses two laser
frequency combs to retrieve complex spectra in a line-by-line basis. This
technique can be implemented with electro-optic frequency combs, offering
intrinsic mutual coherence, high acquisition speed and flexible repetition-rate
operation. A challenge with the operation of this kind of frequency comb in
dual-comb interferometry is its limited optical bandwidth. Here, we use
coherent spectral broadening and demonstrate electro-optic dual-comb
interferometry over the entire telecommunications C band (200 lines covering ~
40 nm, measured within 10 microseconds at 100 signal-to-noise ratio per
spectral line). These results offer new prospects for electro-optic dual-comb
interferometry as a suitable technology for high-speed broadband metrology, for
example in optical coherence tomography or coherent Raman microscopy
Optical bandgap engineering in nonlinear silicon nitride waveguides
Silicon nitride is awell-established material for photonic devices and
integrated circuits. It displays a broad transparency window spanning from the
visible to the mid-IR and waveguides can be manufactured with low losses. An
absence of nonlinear multi-photon absorption in the erbium lightwave
communications band has enabled various nonlinear optic applications in the
past decade. Silicon nitride is a dielectric material whose optical and
mechanical properties strongly depend on the deposition conditions. In
particular, the optical bandgap can be modified with the gas flow ratio during
low-pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD). Here we show that this
parameter can be controlled in a highly reproducible manner, providing an
approach to synthesize the nonlinear Kerr coefficient of the material. This
holistic empirical study provides relevant guidelines to optimize the
properties of LPCVD silicon nitride waveguides for nonlinear optics
applications that rely on the Kerr effect
Generating global brand equity through corporate social responsibility to key stakeholders
In this paper we argue that corporate social responsibility (CSR) to various stakeholders (customers, shareholders, employees, suppliers, and community) has a positive effect on global brand equity (BE). In addition, policies aimed at satisfying community interests help reinforce credibility to social responsible polices with other stakeholders. We test these theoretical contentions using panel data comprised of 57 global brands originating from 10 countries (USA, Japan, South Korea, France, UK, Italy, Germany, Finland, Switzerland and the Netherlands) for the period 2002 to 2008. Our findings show that CSR to each of the stakeholder groups has a positive impact on global BE. In addition, global brands that follow local social responsibility policies over communities obtain strong positive benefits in terms of the generation of BE, as it enhances the positive effects of CSR to other stakeholders, particularly to customers. Therefore, for managers of global brands it is particularly productive for generating brand value to combine global strategies with the satisfaction of the interests of local communitiesGlobal Brands, Brand Equity, Corporate Social Responsibility, Stakeholders
Generating global brand equity through corporate social responsibility to key stakeholders
In this paper we argue that corporate social responsibility (CSR) to various stakeholders (customers, shareholders, employees, suppliers, and community) has a positive effect on global brand equity (BE). In addition, policies aimed at satisfying community interests help reinforce credibility to social responsible polices with other stakeholders. We test these theoretical contentions using panel data comprised of 57 global brands originating from 10 countries (USA, Japan, South Korea, France, UK, Italy, Germany, Finland, Switzerland and the Netherlands) for the period 2002 to 2008. Our findings show that CSR to each of the stakeholder groups has a positive impact on global BE. In addition, global brands that follow local social responsibility policies over communities obtain strong positive benefits in terms of the generation of BE, as it enhances the positive effects of CSR to other stakeholders, particularly to customers. Therefore, for managers of global brands it is particularly productive for generating brand value to combine global strategies with the satisfaction of the interests of local communities.Global Brands, Brand Equity, Corporate Social Responsibility, Stakeholders.
Relation between Brown Dwarfs and Exoplanets
One of the most debated subjects in Astronomy since the discovery of
exoplanets is how can we distinguish the most massive of such objects from
very-low mass stars like Brown Dwarfs (BDs)? We have been looking for evidences
of a difference in physical characteristics that could be related to different
formation processes. Using a new diagnostic diagram that compares the baryonic
gravitational potential (BGP) with the distances from their host stars, we have
classified a sample of 355 well-studied exoplanets according to their possible
structures. We have then compared the exoplanets to a sample of 87 confirmed
BDs, identifying a range in BGP that could be common to both objects. By
analyzing the mass-radius relations (MRR) of the exoplanets and BDs in those
different BGP ranges, we were able to distinguish different characteristic
behaviors. By comparing with models in the literature, our results suggest that
BDs and massive exoplanets might have similar structures dominated by liquid
metallic hydrogen (LMH).Comment: Poster #149 from proceeding of The 19th Cambridge Workshop on Cool
Stars, Stellar Systems, and the Sun; 06-10 June 2016, Uppsala, Swede
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