Educación Física como categoría colonial y neoliberal: transitando hacia la motricidad humana pensada en y desde Abya Yala

In this article we present a critique of the Chilean and Latin American educational system from the concepts of neoliberalism and modernity as a civilizing project focused on the denial of otherness. From there we justify the impossibility of a Physical Education that, as physical, separates, excludes and denies the various ways of living. We end up proposing human motricity as an ontological and epistemological alternative, understood as the capacity-condition of making-the world, from which it is possible to think about the educational.En el presente artículo presentamos una crítica al sistema educativo chileno y latinoamericano desde los conceptos de neoliberalismo y modernidad como proyecto civilizatorio centrado en la negación de las otredades. A partir de ahí justificamos la imposibilidad de una Educación Física que, en tanto física, separa, excluye y niega las diversas formas de vivir. Terminamos proponiendo la motricidad humana como una alternativa ontológica y epistemológica, entendida como la capacidad-condición de hacer-se mundo, desde la que es posible pensar lo educativo

Lo educativo en tiempos trans-modernos: aportes para la construcción de un pensamiento educativo situado

This paper addresses two fundamental aspects in the context of contemporary educational thinking. On the one hand, it enters into characterizing the educational from the Latin American social, theoretical and historic context, describing the configurative components of the process from Freire, Maturana and Ilich, and on the other hand, developing a synthesis of the border proposals of the sciences of cognition through a comprehensive and active educational orientation base located in the context of the ecology of knowledge and the unique cultural mosaic of South America. The methodological basis is fundamentally hermeneutic and epistemological-political. The result is a contribution to the educational discussion revealing, the processes of educational transformation, both at a personal and community level.El presente trabajo aborda dos aspectos fundamentales en el contexto del pensamiento educativo contemporáneo. Por una parte, se adentra en caracterizar lo educativo desde el contexto latinoamericano social, teórico e histórico, describiendo los componentes configurativos de dicho proceso a partir de Freire, Maturana, Dussel e Ilich y, por otra parte, desarrollar una síntesis de las propuestas de frontera de las ciencias de la cognición a través de una base comprensiva y activa de orientación educativa situada en el contexto de la ecología de saberes y el mosaico cultural singular de América del Sur. La base metodológica es fundamentalmente hermenéutica y epistemológica-política. El resultado es un aporte a la discusión educativa revelando, desde lo situado, los procesos de transformación educativa, tanto a nivel personal como comunitario

Effects of pre-operative isolation on postoperative pulmonary complications after elective surgery: an international prospective cohort study an international prospective cohort study

We aimed to determine the impact of pre-operative isolation on postoperative pulmonary complications after elective surgery during the global SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. We performed an international prospective cohort study including patients undergoing elective surgery in October 2020. Isolation was defined as the period before surgery during which patients did not leave their house or receive visitors from outside their household. The primary outcome was postoperative pulmonary complications, adjusted in multivariable models for measured confounders. Pre-defined sub-group analyses were performed for the primary outcome. A total of 96,454 patients from 114 countries were included and overall, 26,948 (27.9%) patients isolated before surgery. Postoperative pulmonary complications were recorded in 1947 (2.0%) patients of which 227 (11.7%) were associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Patients who isolated pre-operatively were older, had more respiratory comorbidities and were more commonly from areas of high SARS-CoV-2 incidence and high-income countries. Although the overall rates of postoperative pulmonary complications were similar in those that isolated and those that did not (2.1% vs 2.0%, respectively), isolation was associated with higher rates of postoperative pulmonary complications after adjustment (adjusted OR 1.20, 95%CI 1.05–1.36, p = 0.005). Sensitivity analyses revealed no further differences when patients were categorised by: pre-operative testing; use of COVID-19-free pathways; or community SARS-CoV-2 prevalence. The rate of postoperative pulmonary complications increased with periods of isolation longer than 3 days, with an OR (95%CI) at 4–7 days or ≥ 8 days of 1.25 (1.04–1.48), p = 0.015 and 1.31 (1.11–1.55), p = 0.001, respectively. Isolation before elective surgery might be associated with a small but clinically important increased risk of postoperative pulmonary complications. Longer periods of isolation showed no reduction in the risk of postoperative pulmonary complications. These findings have significant implications for global provision of elective surgical care. We aimed to determine the impact of pre-operative isolation on postoperative pulmonary complications after elective surgery during the global SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. We performed an international prospective cohort study including patients undergoing elective surgery in October 2020. Isolation was defined as the period before surgery during which patients did not leave their house or receive visitors from outside their household. The primary outcome was postoperative pulmonary complications, adjusted in multivariable models for measured confounders. Pre-defined sub-group analyses were performed for the primary outcome. A total of 96,454 patients from 114 countries were included and overall, 26,948 (27.9%) patients isolated before surgery. Postoperative pulmonary complications were recorded in 1947 (2.0%) patients of which 227 (11.7%) were associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Patients who isolated pre-operatively were older, had more respiratory comorbidities and were more commonly from areas of high SARS-CoV-2 incidence and high-income countries. Although the overall rates of postoperative pulmonary complications were similar in those that isolated and those that did not (2.1% vs 2.0%, respectively), isolation was associated with higher rates of postoperative pulmonary complications after adjustment (adjusted OR 1.20, 95%CI 1.05–1.36, p = 0.005). Sensitivity analyses revealed no further differences when patients were categorised by: pre-operative testing; use of COVID-19-free pathways; or community SARS-CoV-2 prevalence. The rate of postoperative pulmonary complications increased with periods of isolation longer than 3 days, with an OR (95%CI) at 4–7 days or ≥ 8 days of 1.25 (1.04–1.48), p = 0.015 and 1.31 (1.11–1.55), p = 0.001, respectively. Isolation before elective surgery might be associated with a small but clinically important increased risk of postoperative pulmonary complications. Longer periods of isolation showed no reduction in the risk of postoperative pulmonary complications. These findings have significant implications for global provision of elective surgical care