1,391 research outputs found
Localization of Electrical Insulation Failures in Superconducting Collared Coils by Analysis of the Distortion of a Pulsed Magnetic Field
The localization of possible electrical faults in superconducting accelerator magnets may, in most cases, be a complex, expensive and time-consuming process. In particular, inter-turn short circuits and failures of the ground insulation are well detectable when the magnet is collared, but often disappear after disassembly for repair due to the release of the pre-stress in the coils. The fault localization method presented in this paper is based on the measurement and analysis of the magnetic field generated inside the magnet aperture by a high voltage pulse. The presence of the fault modifies the distribution of the current in the coils and produces a distortion of the magnetic field. The described method aims at locating both the longitudinal and azimuthal position of the fault-affected area. The test method, the transient case FEM models and the implemented experimental set-up are presented and discussed for the LHC dipole models
Genetics of inflammatory bowel disease from multifactorial to monogenic forms
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of chronic multifactorial disorders. According to a recent study, the number of IBD association loci is increased to 201, of which 37 and 27 loci contribute specifically to the development of Crohn\u2019s disease and ulcerative colitis respectively. Some IBD associated genes are involved in innate immunity, in the autophagy and in the inflammatory response such as NOD2, ATG16L1 and IL23R, while other are implicated in immune mediated disease (STAT3) and in susceptibility to mycobacterium infection (IL12B). In case of early onset of IBD (VEO-IBD) within the 6th year of age, the disease may be caused by mutations in genes responsible for severe monogenic disorders such as the primary immunodeficiency diseases. In this review we discuss how these monogenic disorders through different immune mechanisms can similarly be responsible of VEO-IBD phenotype. Moreover we would highlight how the identification of pathogenic genes by Next Generation Sequencing technologies can allow to obtain a rapid diagnosis and to apply specific therapies
Reality, measurement and locality in Quantum Field Theory
It is currently believed that the local causality of Quantum Field Theory
(QFT) is destroyed by the measurement process. This belief is also based on the
Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) paradox and on the so-called Bell's theorem, that
are thought to prove the existence of a mysterious, instantaneous action
between distant measurements. However, I have shown recently that the EPR
argument is removed, in an interpretation-independent way, by taking into
account the fact that the Standard Model of Particle Physics prevents the
production of entangled states with a definite number of particles. This result
is used here to argue in favor of a statistical interpretation of QFT and to
show that it allows for a full reconciliation with locality and causality.
Within such an interpretation, as Ballentine and Jarret pointed out long ago,
Bell's theorem does not demonstrate any nonlocality.Comment: 15 pages. Published versio
Entanglement as a source of black hole entropy
We review aspects of black hole thermodynamics, and show how entanglement of
a quantum field between the inside and outside of a horizon can account for the
area-proportionality of black hole entropy, provided the field is in its ground
state. We show that the result continues to hold for Coherent States and
Squeezed States, while for Excited States, the entropy scales as a power of
area less than unity. We also identify location of the degrees of freedom which
give rise to the above entropy.Comment: 12 pages, latex, 5 figures. Invited talk by SD at `Recent
Developments in Gravity' (NEB XII), Nafplion, Greece, 30 June 2006. To appear
in Journal of Physics: Conference Series; V2: References added, Minor changes
to match published versio
Low-dose sirolimus in two cousins with autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome-associated infection
Autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome (ALPS) is characterized by non-malignant lymphoproliferation and autoimmunity, with a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations (OMIM 601859). Typical features include enlarged spleen and lymph nodes and autoimmune cytopenia. We describe a family with ALPS in which two cousins independently presented to their physicians with infection and discuss the therapeutic potential of sirolimus
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