1,102 research outputs found

    Materials Design using Correlated Oxides: Optical Properties of Vanadium Dioxide

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    Materials with strong electronic Coulomb interactions play an increasing role in modern materials applications. "Thermochromic" systems, which exhibit thermally induced changes in their optical response, provide a particularly interesting case. The optical switching associated with the metal-insulator transition of vanadium dioxide (VO2), for example, has been proposed for use in "intelligent" windows, which selectively filter radiative heat in hot weather conditions. In this work, we develop the theoretical tools for describing such a behavior. Using a novel scheme for the calculation of the optical conductivity of correlated materials, we obtain quantitative agreement with experiments for both phases of VO2. On the example of an optimized energy-saving window setup, we further demonstrate that theoretical materials design has now come into reach, even for the particularly challenging class of correlated electron systems.Comment: 4+x pages, 2 figure

    Investigation of quasi-periodic varaiations in hard X-rays of solar flares

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    The aim of the present paper is to use quasi-periodic oscillations in hard X-rays (HXRs) of solar flares as a diagnostic tool for investigation of impulsive electron acceleration. We have selected a number of flares which showed quasi-periodic oscillations in hard X-rays and their loop-top sources could be easily recognized in HXR images. We have considered MHD standing waves to explain the observed HXR oscillations. We interpret these HXR oscillations as being due to oscillations of magnetic traps within cusp-like magnetic structures. This is confirmed by a good correlation between periods of the oscillations and the sizes of the loop-top sources. We argue that a model of oscillating magnetic traps is adequate to explain the observations. During the compressions of a trap particles are accelerated, but during its expansions plasma, coming from chromospheric evaporation, fills the trap, which explains the large number of electrons being accelerated during a sequence of strong impulses. The advantage of our model of oscillating magnetic traps is that it can explain both the impulses of electron acceleration and quasi-periodicity of their distribution in time.Comment: 21 pages, 11 figures, 3 tables, submitted to Solar Physic

    Electronic correlations in FeGa3 and the effect of hole doping on its magnetic properties

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    We investigate signatures of electronic correlations in the narrow-gap semiconductor FeGa 3 by means of electrical resistivity and thermodynamic measurements performed on single crystals of FeGa 3 , Fe 1−x Mn x Ga 3 , and FeGa 3−y Zn y , complemented by a study of the 4d analog material RuGa 3 . We find that the inclusion of sizable amounts of Mn and Zn dopants into FeGa 3 does not induce an insulator-to-metal transition. Our study indicates that both substitution of Zn onto the Ga site and replacement of Fe by Mn introduces states into the semiconducting gap that remain localized even at highest doping levels. Most importantly, using neutron powder diffraction measurements, we establish that FeGa 3 orders magnetically above room temperature in a complex structure, which is almost unaffected by the doping with Mn and Zn. Using realistic many-body calculations within the framework of dynamical mean field theory (DMFT), we argue that while the iron atoms in FeGa 3 are dominantly in an S=1 state, there are strong charge and spin fluctuations on short-time scales, which are independent of temperature. Further, the low magnitude of local contributions to the spin susceptibility advocates an itinerant mechanism for the spin response in FeGa 3 . Our joint experimental and theoretical investigations classify FeGa 3 as a correlated band insulator with only small dynamical correlation effects, in which nonlocal exchange interactions are responsible for the spin gap of 0.4 eV and the antiferromagnetic order. We show that hole doping of FeGa 3 leads, within DMFT, to a notable strengthening of many-body renormalizations

    Generalized Paraxial Ray Trace Procedure Derived from Geodesic Deviation

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    Paraxial ray tracing procedures have become widely accepted techniques for acoustic models in seismology and underwater acoustics. To date a generic form of these procedures including fluid motion and time dependence has not appeared in the literature. A detailed investigation of the characteristic curves of the equations of hydrodynamics allows for an immediate generalization of the procedure to be extracted from the equation form geodesic deviation. The general paraxial ray trace equations serve as an ideal supplement to ordinary ray tracing in predicting the deformation of acoustic beams in random environments. The general procedure is derived in terms of affine parameterization and in a coordinate time parameterization ideal for application to physical acoustic ray propagation. The formalism is applied to layered media, where the deviation equation reduces to a second order differential equation for a single field with a general solution in terms of a depth integral along the ray path. Some features are illustrated through special cases which lead to exact solutions in terms of either ordinary or special functions.Comment: Original; 40 pages (double spaced), 1 figure Replaced version; 36 pages single spaced, 7 figures. Expanded content; Complete derivation of the equations from the equations of hydrodynamics, introduction of an auxiliary basis for three dimensional wave-front modeling. Typos in text and equations correcte

    Ground state of the spin-1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnet on an Archimedean 4-6-12 lattice

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    An investigation of the N\'eel Long Range Order (NLRO) in the ground state of antiferromagnetic Heisenberg spin system on the two-dimensional, uniform, bipartite lattice consisting of squares, hexagons and dodecagons is presented. Basing on the analysis of the order parameter and the long-distance correlation function the NLRO is shown to occur in this system. Exact diagonalization and variational (Resonating Valence Bond) methods are applied.Comment: 4 pages, 6 figure
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