Regulace erytroidni diferenciace v normalni a polycytemicke krvetvorbe.

Text also in EnglishAvailable from STL, Prague, CZ / NTK - National Technical LibrarySIGLECZCzech Republi

Design of a daily-user methodology to detect fuel consumption in cars with spark ignition engine

© 2019 Published by the Serbian Academic Center. The article focuses on detection of fuel consumption in cars with the spark-ignition engine aiming to determine the most accurate way of daily-use fuel consumption through evaluation finding. To achieve relevant outcomes, different routes underwent experiments in multiple consumption modes. In particular, these encompass four circuits varying in length, speed limit, intersection number with significant waiting time and the route ratio city/highway. Each segment saw three measurings in terms of different consumption forms – standard, economical and dynamic. Apart from that, fuel consumption detection also takes into cosideration possible deviations from consumed fuel when automatically switching off the fuel pump pistol. Three methods contributed to achieving the findings; i.e. quantification method, the technique of data subtraction from the on-board computer (On-Board Unit) and method of amassing data from a phone application. Ultimately, compiled tables and detailed diagrams show outcomes demonstrating the most convenient way and approach of measuring fuel consumption for daily-users

Impact of the electric mobility implementation on the greenhouse gases production in Central European countries

© 2019 by the authors. The preference and the development of electromobility are included among the priorities of transport policies in many European countries. This article deals with the issue of electric vehicle operation from the point of view of the environmental impact of electric power production, specifically the energy effectiveness of its production by utilizing primary power production sources. Differences in the effectiveness of the conversion of mixed forms of energy into electricity and their share in the process directly affect the final level of greenhouse gases (GHG) production, and thus the ecological footprint of electric vehicle operations. The specification of energy consumption and GHG production is based on the principles of the EN 16 258: 2012 standard, which considers legislative-regulated power plant effectiveness values, statistical values of GHG emissions from electricity production, and real energy consumption values of an electric vehicle fleet. The calculation takes into account the share of primary sources and the efficiency of electricity production and effectiveness of electricity distribution in each of the evaluated countries. The specific research study is performed by comparing measured parameters for individual countries chosen from the Central Europe region. The results of the study show that the quantification of the positive environmental consequences of increasing electromobility varies greatly in different countries, which means full-scale deployment of electromobility does necessarily deliver the sustainability of transport that was expected from it

PU.1 and pRB Interact and Cooperate To Repress GATA-1 and Block Erythroid Differentiation

PU.1 and GATA-1 are two hematopoietic specific transcription factors that play key roles in development of the myeloid and erythroid lineages, respectively. The two proteins bind to one another and inhibit each other's function in transcriptional activation and promotion of their respective differentiation programs. This mutual antagonism may be an important aspect of lineage commitment decisions. PU.1 can also act as an oncoprotein since deregulated expression of PU.1 in erythroid precursors causes erythroleukemias in mice. Studies of cultured mouse erythroleukemia cell lines indicate that one aspect of PU.1 function in erythroleukemogenesis is its ability to block erythroid differentiation by repressing GATA-1 (N. Rekhtman, F. Radparvar, T. Evans, and A. I. Skoultchi, Genes Dev. 13:1398-1411, 1999). We have investigated the mechanism of PU.1-mediated repression of GATA-1. We report here that PU.1 binds to GATA-1 on DNA. We localized the repression activity of PU.1 to a small acidic N-terminal domain that interacts with the C pocket of pRB, a well-known transcriptional corepressor. Repression of GATA-1 by PU.1 requires pRB, and pRB colocalizes with PU.1 and GATA-1 at repressed GATA-1 target genes. PU.1 and pRB also cooperate to block erythroid differentiation. Our results suggest that one of the mechanisms by which PU.1 antagonizes GATA-1 is by binding to it at GATA-1 target genes and tethering to these sites a corepressor that blocks transcriptional activity and thereby erythroid differentiation

CTCF/SMARCA5 are recruited to <i>SPI1</i> locus in myeloid cells and upon AZA treatment in AML.

<p><b>A:</b> Sequence conservation of human <i>SPI1</i> locus (VISTA) generated by aligning with murine DNA. Regulatory regions and positions of ChIP amplicons are numbered in respect to human <i>SPI1</i> TSS. <b>B:</b> ChIP of CTCF and SMARCA5 in mixed myeloid cells. <b>C:</b> ChIP of CTCF and <b>D:</b> SMARCA5 in OCI-M2 without (OCI-M2) or with AZA (OCI-M2 AZA) treatment. Y-axis: ChIP enrichment. X-axis: amplicons (distance relative to <i>SPI1</i> TSS). URE, Upstream Regulatory Element of <i>SPI1</i> gene; ENH, enhancer; ELE, element. Error bars: the standard errors (SE). Asterisks: p-values (t-test, 0.05–0.005).</p

Concept and Performance Analysis of Propulsion Units Intended for Distributed Ship Systems

Limited navigation depth, especially on inland waterways, is one of the main limiting factors that shorten the navigation period. Distributed propulsion systems represent an opportunity to increase the navigability of ships across critical sections of waterways characterized by limited navigation depth. In the case of distributed propulsion systems, it is necessary to examine the position of the propellers and their efficiency, suitable design, and interaction with the surroundings. In this study, self-propelled propulsion units located on the side of the ship are investigated at the level of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analyses. Seven different types of ducts are considered for the proposed propeller geometry in order to ensure the necessary water supply, to prevent air intake, and to ensure high performance in the serial arrangement of propulsors on the side of the hull. Comparative analyses have shown that propulsion units with Ducts 5 and 6 have sufficient resistance to ventilation at a limited depth and deliver acceptable performance at low inflow and outflow rates. This feature is important in serial configurations, which confirms previous research on this issue. Performance can be further increased by reducing the duct resistance at higher speeds

Model of epigenetic regulation of <i>SPI1</i> gene by CTCF and SMARCA5.

<p>CTCF binding site (−14.4 kb) becomes occupied by CTCF and SMARCA5 upon AZA-mediated DNA demethylation in AML blasts. Cohesin member’s recruitment partially overlaps with CTCF/SMARCA5 and display spreading over −11.0 kb and URE of <i>SPI1</i>. More diffuse occupancy of both CTCF and SMARCA5 at <i>SPI1</i> gene that was observed in mixed myeloid cells was not achieved in AML blasts, however the AZA treatment partially restored CTCF/SMARCA5 occupancy. Nevertheless, SMARCA5/CTCF is unable to potentiate <i>SPI1</i> derepression in AML blasts and instead, inhibits <i>SPI1</i> transcription possibly through the enhancer-blocking effect at the −14.4 Enhancer.</p

DNA methylation of CTCF binding site in <i>SPI1</i> locus.

<p><b>A:</b> DNA sequence of the CTCF binding site at −14.4 kb Enhancer region within the <i>SPI1</i> locus (CGs are numbered on the top). <b>B:</b> % of DNA unmethylation identified by sequencing of bisulphite-treated DNA isolated from CD34+ cells of AML/MDS patients (N = 3, information in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0087448#pone.0087448.s007" target="_blank">Table S1</a>) and control CD34+ cell donors (N = 1) and mixed myeloid cells (N = 1) was performed at the region −14.4 kb of <i>SPI1</i> locus. The primer sequences are shown in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0087448#pone.0087448.s008" target="_blank">Table S2</a>. <b>C:</b> % of DNA unmethylation, data in CD34+ cells of MDS patient without AZA therapy (N = 1) and MDS patient treated by AZA (N = 1). <b>D:</b> % of DNA unmethylation in untreated OCI-M2 and AZA-treated OCI-M2. Y-axis: % of unmethylated CpGs; x-axis: number of CpG; error bars indicate standard errors.</p