Upper limb tissue oxygentation increases after brachial plexus block

status: publishe

Benchmark study on algae harvesting with backwashable submerged flat panel membranes

The feasibility of algae harvesting with submerged flat panel membranes was investigated as pre-concentration step prior to centrifugation. Polishing of the supernatant coming from the centrifuge was evaluated as well. The effect of membrane polymer (polyvinyl chloride [PVC], polyethersulfone polyvinyl-pyrollidone [PES-PVP], poly vinylidene fluoride [PVDF] ), pore size (microfiltration [MF], ultrafiltration [UF]), algae cell concentrations and species were investigated at labscale. In addition, backwashing as fouling control was compared to standard relaxation. PVDF was the superior polymer, and UF showed better fouling resistance. Backwashing outperformed relaxation in fouling control. The backwashable membranes allowed up to 300 % higher fluxes compared to commercial flat panelbenchmark (PVC) membranes. Estimations on energy consumption for membrane filtration followed by centrifugation revealed relatively low values of 0.169 kWh/kg of dry weight of algae compared to 0.5 kWh/kg for algae harvesting via classical centrifuge alone.status: publishe