1 research outputs found
Multidrug and vancomycin resistance among clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus from different teaching hospitals in Nigeria.
Backgrounds: Staphylococcus aureus has emerged as a major public health
concern because of the occurrence of multi-drug resistant strains. This
study aimed at investigating the multi-drug and vancomycin resistance
profile of S. aureus from different infection sites in some teaching
hospitals in Nigeria. Methods: Swabs were collected from different
infection sites from out-patients in three teaching hospitals from
October 2015 to May, 2016. The antibiotic-susceptibility test was
carried out with selected antibiotics usually administered
anti-microbials in the treatment of infections in these hospitals. The
prevalence of multi-drug and vancomycin resistance strains of S. aureus
from clinical samples was determined using disk diffusion and agar
dilution methods respectively. Results: The result showed (165)82.5% of
the isolates were resistant to 653 antibiotics tested. They were
highly resistant to ceftazidime 180(90%), cloxacillin 171(85.6%) and
augmentin 167(83.3%), but susceptible to ofloxacin 150(75%), gentamicin
142(71.7%), erythromycin 122(61.1%), ceftriaxone 111(55.6%) and
cefuroxime 103(51.7%). All the isolates from the HVS were all multidrug
resistant strains. While (56)90.16% were multidrug resistant (MDR) in
urine samples, followed by (8)88.89% MDR strains in sputum, (37)88.81%
MDR strains in semen, (49)71.64% MDR strains in wounds and (6)60% MDR
strains in ear swabs samples. Although (147)73.5% of the isolates were
vancomycin susceptible S. aureus (VSSA), (30)15% were vancomycin
intermediate resistant S. aureus (VISA) and (89)44.5% of the isolates
were considered vancomycin resistant S. aureus (VRSA). Conclusions: The
high percentage of the VRSA could have resulted from compromising
treatment options and inadequate antimicrobial therapy. The
implication, infections caused by VRSA would be difficult to treat with
vancomycin and other effective antibiotics of clinical importance.
Ensuring proper monitoring of drug administration will, therefore,
enhance the legitimate role of vancomycin as an empiric choice for both
prophylaxis against and treatment of staphylococcal infections