Modeling the burnout of solid polydisperse fuel under the conditions of external heat transfer

A self-similar burnout mode of solid polydisperse fuel is considered taking into consideration heat transfer between fuel particles, gases, and combustion chamber walls. A polydisperse composition of fuel is taken into account by introducing particle distribution functions by radiuses obtained for the kinetic and diffusion combustion modes. Equations for calculating the temperatures of particles and gases are presented, which are written for particles average with respect to their distribution functions by radiuses taking into account the fuel burnout ratio. The proposed equations take into consideration the influence of fuel composition, air excess factor, and gas recirculation ratio. Calculated graphs depicting the variation of particle and gas temperatures, and the fuel burnout ratio are presented for an anthracite-fired boiler. © 2013 Pleiades Publishing, Inc

All-optical dc nanotesla magnetometry using silicon vacancy fine structure in isotopically purified silicon carbide

We uncover the fine structure of a silicon vacancy in isotopically purified silicon carbide (4H-$^{28}$SiC) and find extra terms in the spin Hamiltonian, originated from the trigonal pyramidal symmetry of this spin-3/2 color center. These terms give rise to additional spin transitions, which are otherwise forbidden, and lead to a level anticrossing in an external magnetic field. We observe a sharp variation of the photoluminescence intensity in the vicinity of this level anticrossing, which can be used for a purely all-optical sensing of the magnetic field. We achieve dc magnetic field sensitivity of 87 nT Hz$^{-1/2}$ within a volume of $3 \times 10^{-7}$ mm$^{3}$ at room temperature and demonstrate that this contactless method is robust at high temperatures up to at least 500 K. As our approach does not require application of radiofrequency fields, it is scalable to much larger volumes. For an optimized light-trapping waveguide of 3 mm$^{3}$ the projection noise limit is below 100 fT Hz$^{-1/2}$.Comment: 12 pages, 6 figures; additional experimental data and an extended theoretical analysis are added in the second versio

Cognitive Impairment in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a risk factor for the development of cognitive impairment, when unsatisfactory glycemic control is associated with glioma biomarkers and changes in neuronal integrity. Given some limitations in the performance of neuropsychological testing, it is important to indicate specific markers of brain damage

Most Sought-After Professional Competencies in Leading Research Teams of the Ural Federal District

At the current stage of socio-economic development, one of the key tasks is to ensure that education quality matches labour market expectations, and the industry of science and technology is no exception. Nowadays, there is no systemic evaluation and due regard of research staffing needs and competencies required in this field. Hence, the gap between the current level of human capital development and its necessary level is ever increasing. This study focuses on leading research teams working in the area of advanced manufacturing technologies. The main research methods are the following: publication activity analysis for organizations in the Ural Federal District (henceforth UFD) in the field of advanced manufacturing, bibliometric mapping for identifying research teams, a series of in-depth interviews with research team leaders, job postings analysis using HeadHunter website database. Key findings: 1) we developed a methodology to identify leading research teams in the UFD that possess unique research and technology competencies in the field of advances manufacturing technologies; such teams and their leaders were identified; 2) in-depth interviews with research team leaders allowed to determine the most sought-after competencies for young researchers; 3) we compared the results of qualitative analysis (the in-depth interviews) with the final list of required competencies obtained in the process of analyzing job postings in the area of advanced technology in the UFD using the HeadHunter website. Thus, we identified the pools of the most sought-after competencies for the research and manufacturing sectors in the field of advanced manufacturing technologies. Identifying the most sought-after and in-demand competencies in the  UFD leading research teams can inform decision-making on updating university study programmes to ensure that student training matches the needs of the industry of science and technology in the UFD

Body Fat Parameters, Glucose and Lipid Profiles, and Thyroid Hormone Levels in Schizophrenia Patients with or without Metabolic Syndrome

In this study, we aim to investigate associations between body fat parameters, glucose and lipid profiles, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), and thyroid hormones (THs) levels in Tomsk-region schizophrenia patients depending upon the presence or absence of metabolic syndrome (MetS). A total of 156 psychiatric inpatients with schizophrenia who had been treated with antipsychotics for at least six months before entry were studied: 56 with and 100 without MetS. Reference groups consisted of general hospital inpatients with MetS and without schizophrenia (n = 35) and healthy individuals (n = 35). Statistical analyses were performed using the Mann-Whitney U-test, chi-square test, Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, multiple regression analyses, and descriptive statistics. Patients with schizophrenia and MetS had significantly higher levels of free triiodothyronine (FT3) and thyroxine (FT4) compared to schizophrenia patients without MetS (3.68 [3.25; 5.50] vs. 3.24 [2.81; 3.66], p = 0.0001, and 12.68 [10.73; 15.54] vs. 10.81 [9.76; 12.3], p = 0.0001, in pmol/L, respectively). FT3 maintained an association with MetS (p = 0.0001), sex (p = 0.0001), age (p = 0.022), and high-density lipoproteins (p = 0.033). FT4 maintained an association with MetS (p = 0.0001), sex (p = 0.001), age (p = 0.014), and glucose (p = 0.009). The data obtained showed body fat parameters, glucose and lipid profiles, and THs levels in Western-Siberian schizophrenia patients depending on MetS presence or absence

Evaluation of the structural-phase characteristics of a supersaturated ultrafine-grained Au-Co solid solution by diffractometry in hard synchrotron radiation

A synchrotron radiation study of immiscible Au-Co alloys obtained by consolidating a heterogeneous mixture of components and subsequent severe plastic deformation was performed. Namely, the estimates of the crystal lattice parameter, the average size of the coherent scattering regions and lattice strains in mechanically alloyed supersaturated solid solutions were made using obtained diffraction patterns and diffraction spectra. The effect of the temperature regime of deformation processing on the listed characteristics is shown, when the transition from cold deformation to cryogenic is carried out. © 2020 American Institute of Physics Inc. All rights reserved.The work was done at the shared research center SSTRC on the basis of the VEPP-4 - VEPP-2000 complex at BINP SB RAS, using equipment supported by project RFMEFI62119X0022. The SR XRD performed at the station "Diffractometry in the "hard" X-ray range" of the 4th synchrotron radiation channel of the VEPP-3 accelerator of the Siberian Center of Synchrotron and Terahertz Radiation of the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics by Alexey I. Ancharov. Obtaining and deformation processing of the investigated materials were carried out on the basis of M.N. Mikheev Institute of Metal Physics of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg. The research was carried out within the state assignment of Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (theme “Рressure” No. АААА-А18-118020190104-3), supported in part by RFBR (project No. 19-32-60039)